MDC 4 NUR2755 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ metabolic alkalosis. Answer: high pH, high HCO3
◉ Uncompensated. Answer: pH and one other value are abnormal.
◉ Fully compensated. Answer: pH is normal, but the other 2 are
abnormal.
◉ Partially compensated. Answer: all 3 values are abnormal
◉ *overproduction of hydrogen ions*
*aspirin toxicity*
▪ kidney failure, liver failure, pancreatitis
▪ diarrhea (ACI-dosis sounds like ASS)
▪ dehydration
▪ ingestion of acids: ethanol, methanol, salicylate acid
▪ lactic acidosis
▪ diabetic ketoacidosis, starvation
▪ hypermetabolism: excessive exercises, seizures, fever, hypoxia.
Answer: Causes of Metabolic Acidosis
, ◉ *Vital Signs, think LOW & SLOW*
*Kussmaul respirations*
▪ bradycardia, thready weak pulse
▪ hypotension
▪ hypoxia
*Electrolyte Imbalances*
▪ hyperkalemia
▪ hyperglycemia (if the cause is DKA)
*Skin*
▪ warm, flushed, dry (due to vasodilation)
*CNS depression, think LOW and SLOW*
▪ lethargy
▪ confusion
▪ stupor
▪ coma
▪ Headache
*Musculoskeletal, think LOW and SLOW*
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ metabolic alkalosis. Answer: high pH, high HCO3
◉ Uncompensated. Answer: pH and one other value are abnormal.
◉ Fully compensated. Answer: pH is normal, but the other 2 are
abnormal.
◉ Partially compensated. Answer: all 3 values are abnormal
◉ *overproduction of hydrogen ions*
*aspirin toxicity*
▪ kidney failure, liver failure, pancreatitis
▪ diarrhea (ACI-dosis sounds like ASS)
▪ dehydration
▪ ingestion of acids: ethanol, methanol, salicylate acid
▪ lactic acidosis
▪ diabetic ketoacidosis, starvation
▪ hypermetabolism: excessive exercises, seizures, fever, hypoxia.
Answer: Causes of Metabolic Acidosis
, ◉ *Vital Signs, think LOW & SLOW*
*Kussmaul respirations*
▪ bradycardia, thready weak pulse
▪ hypotension
▪ hypoxia
*Electrolyte Imbalances*
▪ hyperkalemia
▪ hyperglycemia (if the cause is DKA)
*Skin*
▪ warm, flushed, dry (due to vasodilation)
*CNS depression, think LOW and SLOW*
▪ lethargy
▪ confusion
▪ stupor
▪ coma
▪ Headache
*Musculoskeletal, think LOW and SLOW*
