NUR373: Pediatrics Final Examination
And 100% Correct Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
Nursing process - Answer 1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning
4. Implementation
5. Evaluation
Assessment - Answer Collection of subjective and objective data
Diagnosis - Answer Analysis of assessment data to determine actual or at-risk nursing
problems
Format of nursing diagnosis - Answer problem [related to] etiology [as evidenced by]
manifestation
Planning - Answer SMART goal that directs nursing care and is patient-specific
Implementation - Answer Carrying out planned interventions that are evidence-informed,
feasible, and specific
Evaluation - Answer If goal was met, patient's response to the intervention, how goals
should change, etc.
Growth - Answer Quantitative (measurable) change; mainly look at weight, length, height,
and dentition
Growth patterns - Answer Trend across time (more important than meeting averages)
Growth parameters - Answer Value over/under which we become concerned
Weight growth patterns - Answer -Birth weight doubles by 6 months
-Birth weight triples by 1st year
-Birth weight quadruples by 2.5 years
,Length/height growth patterns - Answer -Birth length increases by 50% by 1st year
(any subsequent pattern hard to predict)
Dentition growth patterns - Answer -6 months: first teeth erupt
-1 yo: 6-8 teeth + 1st year molars
-2 yo: 2nd year molars
-3 yo: 20 teeth
-6-8 yo: teeth start to fall out
Development - Answer Qualitative change focusing on acquisition of skills/abilities,
personality, and cognition
Grasp a toy, push up from tummy - Answer 3-4 months
Head control - Answer 4-5 months
Transfer object between hands, roll - Answer 6-8 months
Sit unsupported, push down on feet when held up - Answer 7 months
First words - Answer 8-12 months
Crawl - Answer 10 months
Pull to stand, cruise, hold crayon and draw - Answer 12 months
Walk - Answer 12-14 months
Coorindated actions (kicking a ball), fine motor control - Answer 2-3 years
Stairs independently, more coordinated/fine movements, writing and drawing - Answer 4-5
years
Directional trends of development - Answer Cephalocaudal, proximodistal, differentiation
,Cephalocaudal - Answer Head to toe
Proximodistal - Answer Center to periphery
Differentation - Answer Simple to complex
Erikson's psychological developmental theory - Answer Describes key conflicts/problems a
person has to master during critical stages of personality development
Trust vs. mistrust - Answer -Birth-1 year
-Infant requires all basic needs to be met consistently
-If needs aren't consistently met -> develop mistrust
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt - Answer -1-3 years
-Independence, child realizes they're separate from their caregiver and can direct own actions
-If autonomy denied -> shame and doubt
-If autonomy granted safely -> confidence
Initiative vs. guilt - Answer -3-6 years
-Take initiative, learn about environment and responsibilities, develop a conscience (right vs.
wrong)
-If initiative denied -> guilt, lack of purpse
-If initiative granted -> feeling of purpose
Industry vs. inferiority - Answer -6-12 years
-Develop own interests, take pride in accomplishments, work with others
-If find meaningful activity to be successful at -> sense of meaning, purpose; sense of inferiority
if this activity isn't found
Identity vs. role confusion - Answer -12-19 years
-How one's seen by others, trying on different roles
-Unable to find definition of self -> role confusion
-Able to find definition of self -> identity
, Piaget's cognitive development theory - Answer Concerned with how children learn to
reason, use language, and think
Sensorimotor stage - Answer -Birth-2 years
-Reflex activity, repetitive and imitative behavios, curiosity
-By end of stage: use language and representational thought, object permanence, cause and
effect, spatial relationships, make believe
Preoperational stage - Answer -2-7 years
-Egocentrism dominates, magical thinking, increased language development, association of
objects with symptoms, transductive reasoning
Concrete operation stage - Answer -7-11 years
-Less egocentric, socialized thinking, coherent/logical thought process
-Understand principle of conservation
Formal operational stage - Answer -11 years-adult
-Adaptive and flexible
-Rational, abstract, deductive, and logical thinking
Canadian pediatric nursing standards (5) - Answer 1. Supporting and partnering with child
and family
2. Advocating for equitable access and rights of children and families
3. Delivering developmentally-appropriate care
4. Creating a child and family-friendly environment
5. Enabling successful transitions
Strengths-based nursing - Answer -Holistic look focusing on mobilizing strengths,
empowerment, self-efficacy, and hope, rather than deficit-focused care
-Focuses on abilities (not disabilities) and developmental level (not chronological age)
Child and family-centered care (CFCC) - Answer -Recognizes the centrality of family to the
wellbeing of the child and that illness affects the whole family
-3 key tenets: respect, communication, partnership
CFCC: respect - Answer Maintaining dignity, diversity of families and coping strategies,
appreciating families as families and children as children
And 100% Correct Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
Nursing process - Answer 1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning
4. Implementation
5. Evaluation
Assessment - Answer Collection of subjective and objective data
Diagnosis - Answer Analysis of assessment data to determine actual or at-risk nursing
problems
Format of nursing diagnosis - Answer problem [related to] etiology [as evidenced by]
manifestation
Planning - Answer SMART goal that directs nursing care and is patient-specific
Implementation - Answer Carrying out planned interventions that are evidence-informed,
feasible, and specific
Evaluation - Answer If goal was met, patient's response to the intervention, how goals
should change, etc.
Growth - Answer Quantitative (measurable) change; mainly look at weight, length, height,
and dentition
Growth patterns - Answer Trend across time (more important than meeting averages)
Growth parameters - Answer Value over/under which we become concerned
Weight growth patterns - Answer -Birth weight doubles by 6 months
-Birth weight triples by 1st year
-Birth weight quadruples by 2.5 years
,Length/height growth patterns - Answer -Birth length increases by 50% by 1st year
(any subsequent pattern hard to predict)
Dentition growth patterns - Answer -6 months: first teeth erupt
-1 yo: 6-8 teeth + 1st year molars
-2 yo: 2nd year molars
-3 yo: 20 teeth
-6-8 yo: teeth start to fall out
Development - Answer Qualitative change focusing on acquisition of skills/abilities,
personality, and cognition
Grasp a toy, push up from tummy - Answer 3-4 months
Head control - Answer 4-5 months
Transfer object between hands, roll - Answer 6-8 months
Sit unsupported, push down on feet when held up - Answer 7 months
First words - Answer 8-12 months
Crawl - Answer 10 months
Pull to stand, cruise, hold crayon and draw - Answer 12 months
Walk - Answer 12-14 months
Coorindated actions (kicking a ball), fine motor control - Answer 2-3 years
Stairs independently, more coordinated/fine movements, writing and drawing - Answer 4-5
years
Directional trends of development - Answer Cephalocaudal, proximodistal, differentiation
,Cephalocaudal - Answer Head to toe
Proximodistal - Answer Center to periphery
Differentation - Answer Simple to complex
Erikson's psychological developmental theory - Answer Describes key conflicts/problems a
person has to master during critical stages of personality development
Trust vs. mistrust - Answer -Birth-1 year
-Infant requires all basic needs to be met consistently
-If needs aren't consistently met -> develop mistrust
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt - Answer -1-3 years
-Independence, child realizes they're separate from their caregiver and can direct own actions
-If autonomy denied -> shame and doubt
-If autonomy granted safely -> confidence
Initiative vs. guilt - Answer -3-6 years
-Take initiative, learn about environment and responsibilities, develop a conscience (right vs.
wrong)
-If initiative denied -> guilt, lack of purpse
-If initiative granted -> feeling of purpose
Industry vs. inferiority - Answer -6-12 years
-Develop own interests, take pride in accomplishments, work with others
-If find meaningful activity to be successful at -> sense of meaning, purpose; sense of inferiority
if this activity isn't found
Identity vs. role confusion - Answer -12-19 years
-How one's seen by others, trying on different roles
-Unable to find definition of self -> role confusion
-Able to find definition of self -> identity
, Piaget's cognitive development theory - Answer Concerned with how children learn to
reason, use language, and think
Sensorimotor stage - Answer -Birth-2 years
-Reflex activity, repetitive and imitative behavios, curiosity
-By end of stage: use language and representational thought, object permanence, cause and
effect, spatial relationships, make believe
Preoperational stage - Answer -2-7 years
-Egocentrism dominates, magical thinking, increased language development, association of
objects with symptoms, transductive reasoning
Concrete operation stage - Answer -7-11 years
-Less egocentric, socialized thinking, coherent/logical thought process
-Understand principle of conservation
Formal operational stage - Answer -11 years-adult
-Adaptive and flexible
-Rational, abstract, deductive, and logical thinking
Canadian pediatric nursing standards (5) - Answer 1. Supporting and partnering with child
and family
2. Advocating for equitable access and rights of children and families
3. Delivering developmentally-appropriate care
4. Creating a child and family-friendly environment
5. Enabling successful transitions
Strengths-based nursing - Answer -Holistic look focusing on mobilizing strengths,
empowerment, self-efficacy, and hope, rather than deficit-focused care
-Focuses on abilities (not disabilities) and developmental level (not chronological age)
Child and family-centered care (CFCC) - Answer -Recognizes the centrality of family to the
wellbeing of the child and that illness affects the whole family
-3 key tenets: respect, communication, partnership
CFCC: respect - Answer Maintaining dignity, diversity of families and coping strategies,
appreciating families as families and children as children
