TMA – Chapter 3 Study Guide
1. Muscular System Overview
Types of Muscle Tissue:
o Skeletal: Voluntary, attached to bones for movement
o Cardiac: Involuntary, heart muscle
o Smooth: Involuntary, walls of organs and vessels
Functions of Muscles:
o Movement of the body
o Maintenance of posture
o Generation of heat
o Protection of internal organs
2. Muscle Structure and Components
Muscle fibers: Basic contractile units
Myofibrils: Contain actin and myosin filaments
Connective tissue layers:
o Endomysium – around individual fibers
o Perimysium – around bundles of fibers
o Epimysium – around the whole muscle
3. Muscle Contractions
Isotonic: Muscle changes length to produce movement
Isometric: Muscle contracts without changing length
Concentric: Muscle shortens
Eccentric: Muscle lengthens under tension
4. Major Muscle Groups
1. Muscular System Overview
Types of Muscle Tissue:
o Skeletal: Voluntary, attached to bones for movement
o Cardiac: Involuntary, heart muscle
o Smooth: Involuntary, walls of organs and vessels
Functions of Muscles:
o Movement of the body
o Maintenance of posture
o Generation of heat
o Protection of internal organs
2. Muscle Structure and Components
Muscle fibers: Basic contractile units
Myofibrils: Contain actin and myosin filaments
Connective tissue layers:
o Endomysium – around individual fibers
o Perimysium – around bundles of fibers
o Epimysium – around the whole muscle
3. Muscle Contractions
Isotonic: Muscle changes length to produce movement
Isometric: Muscle contracts without changing length
Concentric: Muscle shortens
Eccentric: Muscle lengthens under tension
4. Major Muscle Groups
