CMN 170v Midterm 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Historical developments in ICT? Lead letters in printing press; electric telegraph; trans atlantic telegraph cable;
global internet.
How much (%) of info is now digital? 94% (was only ~3% in the 1980's)
ICT Information and Communication Technology
Trajectories of ICT? 1. communication tech (ex. smoke signals, telephone)
2. storage tech (ex. cave drawings, printing press)
3. computation tech (ex. calculators, computers)
Father of the Digital Age? Two contributions? Claude Shannon: Source Coding Theorem and Channeling Coding Theorem
"ICT/Digital Convergence" All trajectories on the same digital platform; devices that can now communicate,
store, and compute.
Increase of time online? Population has increased its time online by 1 hour every week, every year.
Percent of time spent with media? more than 60%
Use ICT as a means to what ends? (what is more Food, shelter, water, hygiene, health, security/safety, emergency system,
important than ICT?) war/peace, educations, friends/people/love.
"Technological Determinism" The technology itself is what determines the outcome. The technology itself is
good or bad, depending on perspective.
"Social Constructivism" Technology has many different outcomes possible, that is socially driven. It is a
tool we use for our purposes.
Technology is...? Not good, nor bad, nor neutral.
ICT Cube Horizontal: "Development of ICT". Infrastructure (hardware), generic services
(software), human skills.
Vertical: "ICT for Development". Networks, e-everything
Cross-Section?: "Policy Instruments". Positive & Negative feedback, for
intervention and guidance.
"Digital Divide" The arising inequality in terms of access and usage of digital technologies across
the world.
Faces of cube with ICT development horizontal (framework) is development OF ICT.
vertical is ICT FOR development
and the 3rd face is policy for invention and guidance of development
Positive Feedback drive a dynamic to an extreme (extinguish, elevate)
CORRECT Answers
Historical developments in ICT? Lead letters in printing press; electric telegraph; trans atlantic telegraph cable;
global internet.
How much (%) of info is now digital? 94% (was only ~3% in the 1980's)
ICT Information and Communication Technology
Trajectories of ICT? 1. communication tech (ex. smoke signals, telephone)
2. storage tech (ex. cave drawings, printing press)
3. computation tech (ex. calculators, computers)
Father of the Digital Age? Two contributions? Claude Shannon: Source Coding Theorem and Channeling Coding Theorem
"ICT/Digital Convergence" All trajectories on the same digital platform; devices that can now communicate,
store, and compute.
Increase of time online? Population has increased its time online by 1 hour every week, every year.
Percent of time spent with media? more than 60%
Use ICT as a means to what ends? (what is more Food, shelter, water, hygiene, health, security/safety, emergency system,
important than ICT?) war/peace, educations, friends/people/love.
"Technological Determinism" The technology itself is what determines the outcome. The technology itself is
good or bad, depending on perspective.
"Social Constructivism" Technology has many different outcomes possible, that is socially driven. It is a
tool we use for our purposes.
Technology is...? Not good, nor bad, nor neutral.
ICT Cube Horizontal: "Development of ICT". Infrastructure (hardware), generic services
(software), human skills.
Vertical: "ICT for Development". Networks, e-everything
Cross-Section?: "Policy Instruments". Positive & Negative feedback, for
intervention and guidance.
"Digital Divide" The arising inequality in terms of access and usage of digital technologies across
the world.
Faces of cube with ICT development horizontal (framework) is development OF ICT.
vertical is ICT FOR development
and the 3rd face is policy for invention and guidance of development
Positive Feedback drive a dynamic to an extreme (extinguish, elevate)
