LABOUR LAW SUMMARY NOTES AND
QUESTIONS EXAMINATION TEST 2026
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
⩥ What is the National Labor Relations Act, also known as the Wagner
Act of 1935? Answer: Pro-union law which:
1. Established the rights of workers to form unions, collective bargain,
and to strike.
2. Protected union rights and prohibited employers from interfering,
coercing or otherwise intruding on employees interested in the union
3. Established the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)-
⩥ Describe the Labor Management Relations Act (LMRA), also known
as the Taft-Hartley Act, of 1947. Answer: Pro-employer law which:
1. Curbed unions overreaching or shift some of the power back to the
employer;
2. Forbade Unions from using unfair labor practices, for example unions
cannot coerce or discriminate against non-union members;
3. Outlawed the closed shop (shop that made union membership a
condition of employment). Let employers take back the right to hire.
4. Prohibited wildcat strikes (those not authorized by the union); Further,
the "right to work" provision was established, states that had right to
work laws had to be honored. The state law prohibits employees to be
required to join a union. Gives the employee the choice.
,⩥ Describe the major impacts of the Labor Management Reporting and
Disclosure Act, also known as the Landrum-Griffin Act, of 1959.
Answer: Increased power of Union Members by:
1. Unions had to give union members a bill of rights;
2. Unions required to hold elections every 3 years;
3. Unions had to submit annual financial reports to the department of
labor, federal crime to embezzle or steal union funds.
Also, union members could attend union meetings, vote and nominate
people for union offices.
⩥ Define the steps in the union organization process. Answer: 1. Union
contacts employees or employees contact union.
2. Initial organizational meeting with union to gather employee support.
3. 30% of authorization (employee) signatures are required to move
forward with unionization process.
4. Once 30% of signatures are gathered, a secret ballot election is
administered by the NLRA.
5. If the vote is "yes" (51% majority), the NLRB certifies the union as
the legal bargaining representative of the employees.
⩥ Describe the collective bargaining process. Answer: Collective
bargaining is the negotiations between the employer and the the union
(on behalf of the workers) to form a new contract which governs the
working relationship between the parties. Under the NLRA, both the
, union and the employer are required to bargain in good faith. The
concept of good faith does not mandate agreement, but instead requires a
mutual obligation of the parties to participate actively in negotiations,
showing intent to find a basis for agreement. Workplace issues are
divided into three categories: mandatory, permissive and illegal
bargaining items.
⩥ Compare unfair labor practices for management and labor. Answer:
Management cannot: refuse to bargain with labor; coerce, interfere or
intrude on employees' rights to become involved with unions;
For unions, they must bargain in good faith. During strike activity,
unions are prohibited from preventing persons who wish to work from
entering the business, may not damage employer property, and may not
picket other businesses that provide goods and services to the employer.
Such a picket is called a secondary picket.
⩥ Describe the following strategies to resolve labor disputes:
Lockout Answer: the employer either shuts down business operations
and prevents employees from coming to work or continues work but
hires replacement employees
⩥ Describe the following strategies to resolve labor disputes:
Strikes Answer: a mass work stoppage; economic strikes (used to
pressure management into conceding to compensation demands) and
ULP strikes (employer committed ULP) are lawful. Wildcat strikes, in
which employees stop work without the union's permission, are illegal.
QUESTIONS EXAMINATION TEST 2026
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
⩥ What is the National Labor Relations Act, also known as the Wagner
Act of 1935? Answer: Pro-union law which:
1. Established the rights of workers to form unions, collective bargain,
and to strike.
2. Protected union rights and prohibited employers from interfering,
coercing or otherwise intruding on employees interested in the union
3. Established the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)-
⩥ Describe the Labor Management Relations Act (LMRA), also known
as the Taft-Hartley Act, of 1947. Answer: Pro-employer law which:
1. Curbed unions overreaching or shift some of the power back to the
employer;
2. Forbade Unions from using unfair labor practices, for example unions
cannot coerce or discriminate against non-union members;
3. Outlawed the closed shop (shop that made union membership a
condition of employment). Let employers take back the right to hire.
4. Prohibited wildcat strikes (those not authorized by the union); Further,
the "right to work" provision was established, states that had right to
work laws had to be honored. The state law prohibits employees to be
required to join a union. Gives the employee the choice.
,⩥ Describe the major impacts of the Labor Management Reporting and
Disclosure Act, also known as the Landrum-Griffin Act, of 1959.
Answer: Increased power of Union Members by:
1. Unions had to give union members a bill of rights;
2. Unions required to hold elections every 3 years;
3. Unions had to submit annual financial reports to the department of
labor, federal crime to embezzle or steal union funds.
Also, union members could attend union meetings, vote and nominate
people for union offices.
⩥ Define the steps in the union organization process. Answer: 1. Union
contacts employees or employees contact union.
2. Initial organizational meeting with union to gather employee support.
3. 30% of authorization (employee) signatures are required to move
forward with unionization process.
4. Once 30% of signatures are gathered, a secret ballot election is
administered by the NLRA.
5. If the vote is "yes" (51% majority), the NLRB certifies the union as
the legal bargaining representative of the employees.
⩥ Describe the collective bargaining process. Answer: Collective
bargaining is the negotiations between the employer and the the union
(on behalf of the workers) to form a new contract which governs the
working relationship between the parties. Under the NLRA, both the
, union and the employer are required to bargain in good faith. The
concept of good faith does not mandate agreement, but instead requires a
mutual obligation of the parties to participate actively in negotiations,
showing intent to find a basis for agreement. Workplace issues are
divided into three categories: mandatory, permissive and illegal
bargaining items.
⩥ Compare unfair labor practices for management and labor. Answer:
Management cannot: refuse to bargain with labor; coerce, interfere or
intrude on employees' rights to become involved with unions;
For unions, they must bargain in good faith. During strike activity,
unions are prohibited from preventing persons who wish to work from
entering the business, may not damage employer property, and may not
picket other businesses that provide goods and services to the employer.
Such a picket is called a secondary picket.
⩥ Describe the following strategies to resolve labor disputes:
Lockout Answer: the employer either shuts down business operations
and prevents employees from coming to work or continues work but
hires replacement employees
⩥ Describe the following strategies to resolve labor disputes:
Strikes Answer: a mass work stoppage; economic strikes (used to
pressure management into conceding to compensation demands) and
ULP strikes (employer committed ULP) are lawful. Wildcat strikes, in
which employees stop work without the union's permission, are illegal.
