When we look out at a visual scene, we experience a rich and dynamic world of color,
objects, and movement. Even though the psychological experience is rich, the physical
stimulus for vision is simple - a small slice of electromagnetic energy. Explain the structures
found in the retina that receive and transduce this energy. Briefly describe two accounts of
how we perceive color, and examples to illustrate that object perception can be influenced
by experience (top-down processing) and that perception of movement involves neurons
organized in opponent pairs. - ANSWER rods:low light, night vision
cones: high light and colour and detail
-rods and cones are receptor cells in the retina, they contain photopigments which
transduce light waves in neural impulses.
trichromatic theory: colour vision is based on 3 types of cone receptors, each sensitive to
different wavelength (R,G,B)
OPT: colour is processed in opponent pairs (R/G, Y/B) by ganglion cells in the retina
top down: stroop effect
motion aftereffect: waterfall illusion
Briefly explain the nature of the effect called inattentional blindness. Describe an experiment
that demonstrated this effect - what was the experimental question that was being tested,
what was the procedure, what were the findings? Explain the role that attention plays as we
interface between an external physical world and the subjective psychological experience of
that world. - ANSWER individuals fail to notice unexpected stimuli because their
attention is focuses to another stimuli.
ex. Gorilla suit experiment
question: whether individuals fail to notice odd object when their attention is directed
towards a primary task
procedure:- partcipants count # of times people in white pass the basketball
1
objects, and movement. Even though the psychological experience is rich, the physical
stimulus for vision is simple - a small slice of electromagnetic energy. Explain the structures
found in the retina that receive and transduce this energy. Briefly describe two accounts of
how we perceive color, and examples to illustrate that object perception can be influenced
by experience (top-down processing) and that perception of movement involves neurons
organized in opponent pairs. - ANSWER rods:low light, night vision
cones: high light and colour and detail
-rods and cones are receptor cells in the retina, they contain photopigments which
transduce light waves in neural impulses.
trichromatic theory: colour vision is based on 3 types of cone receptors, each sensitive to
different wavelength (R,G,B)
OPT: colour is processed in opponent pairs (R/G, Y/B) by ganglion cells in the retina
top down: stroop effect
motion aftereffect: waterfall illusion
Briefly explain the nature of the effect called inattentional blindness. Describe an experiment
that demonstrated this effect - what was the experimental question that was being tested,
what was the procedure, what were the findings? Explain the role that attention plays as we
interface between an external physical world and the subjective psychological experience of
that world. - ANSWER individuals fail to notice unexpected stimuli because their
attention is focuses to another stimuli.
ex. Gorilla suit experiment
question: whether individuals fail to notice odd object when their attention is directed
towards a primary task
procedure:- partcipants count # of times people in white pass the basketball
1
