ytrewdsa
SOLUTION MANUAL FOR
Statistics for Nursing Research: A Workbook for Evidence-Based Practice 3rd Edition by Susan K.
Grove
FULL TEST BANK!!!
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
EXERCISE
Identifying Levels of
Measurement: Nominal,
Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio
1
The questions are in bold followed by answers.
1. In Table 1, identify the level of measurement for the current therapy variable. Provide a
rationale for your answer.
Answer: The current therapy variable was measured at the nominal level. These drug categories
were probably developed to be exhaustive for this study and included the categories of drugs the
subjects were receiving. However, the categories are not exclusive, since patients are usually on
more than one category of these drugs to manage their health problems. The current therapies
are not measured at the ordinal level because they cannot be rank ordered, since no drug category
can be considered more or less beneficial than another drug category (see Figure 1-1; Grove &
Gray, 2019).
2. What is the mode for the current therapy variable in this study? Provide a rationale for
your answer.
Answer: The mode for current therapy was β blocker. A total of 100 (94%) of the cardiac patients
were receiving this category of drug, which was the most common prescribed drug for this
sample.
3. What statistics were conducted to describe the BMI of the cardiac patients in this sample?
Discuss whether these analysis techniques were appropriate or inappropriate.
Answer: BMI was described with a mean and standard deviation (SD). BMI measurement resulted
in ratio-level data with continuous values and an absolute zero (Stone & Frazier, 2017). Ratio-
level data should be analyzed with parametric statistics such as the mean and SD (Grove & Gray,
2017; Knapp, 2017).
4. Researchers used the following item to measure registered nurses’ (RNs) income in a study:
What category identifies your current income as an RN?
a. Less than $50,000
b. $50,000 to 59,999
c. $60,000 to 69,999
d. $70,000 to 80,000
e. $80,000 or greater
What level of measurement is this income variable? Does the income variable follow the
rules outlined in Figure 1-1? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: In this example, the income variable is measured at the ordinal level. The income catego-
ries are exhaustive, ranging from less than $50,000 to greater than $80,000. The two open-ended
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
1-1
AG 1-2 Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
categories ensure that all salary levels are covered. The categories are not exclusive, since catego-
r și mai eficient. Fiecare document este organizat logic pentru a
ries (d) and (e) include an $80,000 salary, so study participants making $80,000 might mark
either (d) or (e) or both categories, resulting in erroneous data. Category (e) could be changed
te ajuta să înțelegi rapid conceptele importante. Materialele sunt
to greater than $80,000, making the categories exclusive. The categories can be rank ordered
ideale pentru pregătirea examenelor, recapitulare și
from the lowest salary to the highest salary, which is consistent with ordinal data (Grove &
Gray, 2019; Waltz et al., 2017).
consolidarea cunoștințelor. Accentul este pus pe calitate și
acuratețe,5. astfel
What level of measurement is the CDS score? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: The încât să poți
CDS score studia
is at the cu ofîncredere.
interval level measurement. The Studenții
CDS is a 26-item Likert
apreciază explicațiile
scale developed toconcise
measure și rezumatele
depression in cardiac practice
patients. Study care
participants rated their symp-
toms on a scale of 1 to 7, with higher numbers indicating increased severity in the depression
economisesc timpTheșitotal
symptoms. reduc stresul.
scores for Scopul
each subject meu
obtained from this este săscale
multi-item îți are
oferconsidered
resurse utile care să îți crească încrederea și performanța
to be at the interval level of measurement (Gray et al., 2017; Waltz et al., 2017).
academică. Descarcă
6. Were nonparametric materiale
or parametricbineanalysisstructurate
techniques used to șianalyze
the cardiac patients in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
transformă
the CDS scores for
studiul într-o experiență
Answer: mai such
Parametric statistics, organizată
as mean and și SD, productivă.
were conducted to describe CDS scores
for study participants (see Table 1). CDS scores are interval-level data as indicated in Questions 5,
so parametric statistics are appropriate for this level of data (Gray et al., 2017; Kim & Mallory,
Malay (±130 words)2017).
7. Is the prevalence of depression linked to the NYHA class? Discuss the clinical importance
Selamat datang ke kedai Stuvia saya! Di sini anda akan
of this result.
Answer: The study narrative indicated that the prevalence of depression increased with the
menemui bahan pembelajaran yang disusun dengan teliti untuk
greater NYHA class. In NYHA class III, 64% of the subjects were depressed, whereas 11% of the
subjects were depressed in NYHA class I. Thus, as the NYHA class increased, the number of sub-
membantu anda belajar dengan lebih mudah dan berkesan.
jects with depression increased. This is an expected finding because as the NYHA class increases,
Setiap dokumen direka secara teratur supaya maklumat penting
cardiac patients have more severe physical symptoms, which usually result in emotional distress,
such as depression. Nurses need to actively assess cardiac patients for depression, especially those
senang difahami dan diingati. Bahan ini sesuai untuk persediaan
in higher NYHA classes, so they might be diagnosed and treated as needed.
peperiksaan,
8. Whatulang
frequencykaji, dan pengukuhan
and percent of cardiac patients inpengetahuan.
this study were not beingKualiti
treated with
dan ketepatan
percentsentiasa menjadi keutamaan, memastikan anda
an antidepressant? Show your calculations and round your answer to the nearest whole
(%).
boleh belajar dengan
Answer: A total ofyakin. Pelajar
106 cardiac patients menghargai
participated in this ringkasan yang
study. The sample included
15 patients who were receiving an antidepressant (see Table 1). The number of cardiac
jelas dan penerangan
patients not treated praktikal
for depression yang menjimatkan
was 91 (106 masa
– 15 = 91). The group serta
percent is calculated
by the following formula: (group frequency ÷ total sample size) × 100%. For this study,
mengurangkan tekanan. Matlamat saya adalah untuk
(91 patients ÷ 106 sample size) × 100% = 0.858 × 100% = 85.8% = 86%. The final
menjadikananswer
pengalaman
is rounded to thebelajar anda
nearest whole lebih
percent teratur
as directed in the dan produktif.
question. You could have
also subtracted the 14% of patients treated with antidepressants from 100% and obtained the
Muat turun86%dengwho were not treated with an antidepressant.
9. What was the purpose of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)? Would the 6MWT be useful in
clinical practice?
Answer: Ha et al. (2018) stated, “The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a measure of the submaximal,
steady-state functional capacity” of cardiac patients. This test would be a quick, easy way to
determine a cardiac patient’s functional status in a clinical setting. This functional status
score could be used to determine the treatment plan to promote or maintain functional status
of cardiac patients.
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded AG 1-3
10. How was exercise confidence measured in this study? What was the level of measurement
for the exercise confidence variable in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: Exercise confidence of the patients with heart failure (HF) in this study was measured
with the Exercise Confidence Scale that included four subscales focused on walking, climbing,
lifting objects of graded weight, and running (see the study narrative). This was a rating scale
with values ranging from 0 to 100. The patients’ scores for the Total Exercise Confidence scale
and the subscales were considered interval-level data and analyzed with parametric statistics,
such as means and SDs (see the study narrative; Waltz et al., 2017).
ytrew
SOLUTION MANUAL FOR
Statistics for Nursing Research: A Workbook for Evidence-Based Practice 3rd Edition by Susan K.
Grove
FULL TEST BANK!!!
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
EXERCISE
Identifying Levels of
Measurement: Nominal,
Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio
1
The questions are in bold followed by answers.
1. In Table 1, identify the level of measurement for the current therapy variable. Provide a
rationale for your answer.
Answer: The current therapy variable was measured at the nominal level. These drug categories
were probably developed to be exhaustive for this study and included the categories of drugs the
subjects were receiving. However, the categories are not exclusive, since patients are usually on
more than one category of these drugs to manage their health problems. The current therapies
are not measured at the ordinal level because they cannot be rank ordered, since no drug category
can be considered more or less beneficial than another drug category (see Figure 1-1; Grove &
Gray, 2019).
2. What is the mode for the current therapy variable in this study? Provide a rationale for
your answer.
Answer: The mode for current therapy was β blocker. A total of 100 (94%) of the cardiac patients
were receiving this category of drug, which was the most common prescribed drug for this
sample.
3. What statistics were conducted to describe the BMI of the cardiac patients in this sample?
Discuss whether these analysis techniques were appropriate or inappropriate.
Answer: BMI was described with a mean and standard deviation (SD). BMI measurement resulted
in ratio-level data with continuous values and an absolute zero (Stone & Frazier, 2017). Ratio-
level data should be analyzed with parametric statistics such as the mean and SD (Grove & Gray,
2017; Knapp, 2017).
4. Researchers used the following item to measure registered nurses’ (RNs) income in a study:
What category identifies your current income as an RN?
a. Less than $50,000
b. $50,000 to 59,999
c. $60,000 to 69,999
d. $70,000 to 80,000
e. $80,000 or greater
What level of measurement is this income variable? Does the income variable follow the
rules outlined in Figure 1-1? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: In this example, the income variable is measured at the ordinal level. The income catego-
ries are exhaustive, ranging from less than $50,000 to greater than $80,000. The two open-ended
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
1-1
AG 1-2 Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
categories ensure that all salary levels are covered. The categories are not exclusive, since catego-
r și mai eficient. Fiecare document este organizat logic pentru a
ries (d) and (e) include an $80,000 salary, so study participants making $80,000 might mark
either (d) or (e) or both categories, resulting in erroneous data. Category (e) could be changed
te ajuta să înțelegi rapid conceptele importante. Materialele sunt
to greater than $80,000, making the categories exclusive. The categories can be rank ordered
ideale pentru pregătirea examenelor, recapitulare și
from the lowest salary to the highest salary, which is consistent with ordinal data (Grove &
Gray, 2019; Waltz et al., 2017).
consolidarea cunoștințelor. Accentul este pus pe calitate și
acuratețe,5. astfel
What level of measurement is the CDS score? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: The încât să poți
CDS score studia
is at the cu ofîncredere.
interval level measurement. The Studenții
CDS is a 26-item Likert
apreciază explicațiile
scale developed toconcise
measure și rezumatele
depression in cardiac practice
patients. Study care
participants rated their symp-
toms on a scale of 1 to 7, with higher numbers indicating increased severity in the depression
economisesc timpTheșitotal
symptoms. reduc stresul.
scores for Scopul
each subject meu
obtained from this este săscale
multi-item îți are
oferconsidered
resurse utile care să îți crească încrederea și performanța
to be at the interval level of measurement (Gray et al., 2017; Waltz et al., 2017).
academică. Descarcă
6. Were nonparametric materiale
or parametricbineanalysisstructurate
techniques used to șianalyze
the cardiac patients in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
transformă
the CDS scores for
studiul într-o experiență
Answer: mai such
Parametric statistics, organizată
as mean and și SD, productivă.
were conducted to describe CDS scores
for study participants (see Table 1). CDS scores are interval-level data as indicated in Questions 5,
so parametric statistics are appropriate for this level of data (Gray et al., 2017; Kim & Mallory,
Malay (±130 words)2017).
7. Is the prevalence of depression linked to the NYHA class? Discuss the clinical importance
Selamat datang ke kedai Stuvia saya! Di sini anda akan
of this result.
Answer: The study narrative indicated that the prevalence of depression increased with the
menemui bahan pembelajaran yang disusun dengan teliti untuk
greater NYHA class. In NYHA class III, 64% of the subjects were depressed, whereas 11% of the
subjects were depressed in NYHA class I. Thus, as the NYHA class increased, the number of sub-
membantu anda belajar dengan lebih mudah dan berkesan.
jects with depression increased. This is an expected finding because as the NYHA class increases,
Setiap dokumen direka secara teratur supaya maklumat penting
cardiac patients have more severe physical symptoms, which usually result in emotional distress,
such as depression. Nurses need to actively assess cardiac patients for depression, especially those
senang difahami dan diingati. Bahan ini sesuai untuk persediaan
in higher NYHA classes, so they might be diagnosed and treated as needed.
peperiksaan,
8. Whatulang
frequencykaji, dan pengukuhan
and percent of cardiac patients inpengetahuan.
this study were not beingKualiti
treated with
dan ketepatan
percentsentiasa menjadi keutamaan, memastikan anda
an antidepressant? Show your calculations and round your answer to the nearest whole
(%).
boleh belajar dengan
Answer: A total ofyakin. Pelajar
106 cardiac patients menghargai
participated in this ringkasan yang
study. The sample included
15 patients who were receiving an antidepressant (see Table 1). The number of cardiac
jelas dan penerangan
patients not treated praktikal
for depression yang menjimatkan
was 91 (106 masa
– 15 = 91). The group serta
percent is calculated
by the following formula: (group frequency ÷ total sample size) × 100%. For this study,
mengurangkan tekanan. Matlamat saya adalah untuk
(91 patients ÷ 106 sample size) × 100% = 0.858 × 100% = 85.8% = 86%. The final
menjadikananswer
pengalaman
is rounded to thebelajar anda
nearest whole lebih
percent teratur
as directed in the dan produktif.
question. You could have
also subtracted the 14% of patients treated with antidepressants from 100% and obtained the
Muat turun86%dengwho were not treated with an antidepressant.
9. What was the purpose of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)? Would the 6MWT be useful in
clinical practice?
Answer: Ha et al. (2018) stated, “The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a measure of the submaximal,
steady-state functional capacity” of cardiac patients. This test would be a quick, easy way to
determine a cardiac patient’s functional status in a clinical setting. This functional status
score could be used to determine the treatment plan to promote or maintain functional status
of cardiac patients.
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded AG 1-3
10. How was exercise confidence measured in this study? What was the level of measurement
for the exercise confidence variable in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: Exercise confidence of the patients with heart failure (HF) in this study was measured
with the Exercise Confidence Scale that included four subscales focused on walking, climbing,
lifting objects of graded weight, and running (see the study narrative). This was a rating scale
with values ranging from 0 to 100. The patients’ scores for the Total Exercise Confidence scale
and the subscales were considered interval-level data and analyzed with parametric statistics,
such as means and SDs (see the study narrative; Waltz et al., 2017).
ytrew
