ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS WRITTEN
EXAM 2026-2027 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
C. Line of progression
toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis
subtalar joint
what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at?
talus, tibia, fibula
what bones make up the talocrural joint?
dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
essentially a hinge type joint
what motion occurs in the talocrural joint?
,resist over-eversion of the foot
what is the primary action of the medial ligament of the ankle?
resist over-inversion of the foot
what is the primary action of the lateral ligament of the ankle?
tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus
what muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle?
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis
what muscles produce plantarflexion of the ankle?
talus and calcaneus
what bones form the subtalar joint? (aka talocalcaneal joint)
talonavicular, calcaneocuboid
what joints make up the midtarsal joint?
the anterior talar head and the concavity on the navicular
,what makes up the talonavicular joint?
the anterior facet of the calcaneus and the posterior cuboid
what makes up the calcaneocuboid joint?
midtarsal joints (talonavicular and calcaneocuboid)
what are the Chopart joints?
tarsometatarsal joints
what are the Lisfranc joints?
1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
what makes up the medial column of the tarsometatarsal joints?
A. Knee extension
a complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what
motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
, d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion
the femoral nerve
what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus?
Iliopsoas
what is the primary flexor of the hip?
common peroneal nerve
paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve?
Equinus deformity
toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle
heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel strike on the ipsilateral side
what is a cycle of gait defined as?
EXAM 2026-2027 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
C. Line of progression
toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis
subtalar joint
what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at?
talus, tibia, fibula
what bones make up the talocrural joint?
dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
essentially a hinge type joint
what motion occurs in the talocrural joint?
,resist over-eversion of the foot
what is the primary action of the medial ligament of the ankle?
resist over-inversion of the foot
what is the primary action of the lateral ligament of the ankle?
tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus
what muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle?
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis
what muscles produce plantarflexion of the ankle?
talus and calcaneus
what bones form the subtalar joint? (aka talocalcaneal joint)
talonavicular, calcaneocuboid
what joints make up the midtarsal joint?
the anterior talar head and the concavity on the navicular
,what makes up the talonavicular joint?
the anterior facet of the calcaneus and the posterior cuboid
what makes up the calcaneocuboid joint?
midtarsal joints (talonavicular and calcaneocuboid)
what are the Chopart joints?
tarsometatarsal joints
what are the Lisfranc joints?
1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
what makes up the medial column of the tarsometatarsal joints?
A. Knee extension
a complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what
motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
, d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion
the femoral nerve
what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus?
Iliopsoas
what is the primary flexor of the hip?
common peroneal nerve
paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve?
Equinus deformity
toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle
heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel strike on the ipsilateral side
what is a cycle of gait defined as?
