Health and Healing PN3 Final Exam Test Questions with Solved Solutions 2026 Updated.

Health and Healing PN3 Final Exam
Test Questions with Solved Solutions
2026 Updated.
Malnutrition - Answer Deficit, excess, or imbalance of nutrients



Causes of Malnutrition - Answer - socioeconomic factors



- physical illness



- Incomplete diets (special diets, alcohol, drug use, chronic disease)



- Drug-nutrient interaction (GI disturbances, food interactions with meds)



- Eating disorders



Nursing Assessment for Nutrition - Answer - 24 hour recall

- food frequency questionnaire

- the food diary

- direct observation



Laboratory studies:

- CBC (HGB check for anemia, lymphocytes decrease in malnutrition)

- electrolytes (K+) and liver enzymes may be elevated

- albumin / pre-albumin levels (may not show acute changes)

- CRP (elevated during inflammation)



Hiatal Hernia Complications - Answer GERD



Hemorrhage from erosion



Stenosis



Ulcerations of the herniated portion

, Strangulation of hernia



Regurgitation with tracheal aspiration



Hiatal Hernia Treatment - Answer Eliminate alcohol



Elevate HOB



Smoking cessation



Avoid heavy lifting/straining



Reduce weight if appropriate



Use antisecretory agents (PPI, Histamine H-2 Receptor Antagonist) and antacids



Esophageal Diverticula - Answer Small sac-like pouches form in one of the layers of the
esophagus occurring between the throat and the stomach



Esophageal Diverticula Symptoms - Answer - dysphagia, chronic cough



- regurgitation, aspiration



- weight loss



Esophageal Diverticula Disanostic - Answer Barium Swallow Study



Esophageal Diverticula Complications - Answer - Malnutrition



- Aspiration



- Perforation