TEST BANK
McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis
for Disease in Adults and Children
BY JULIA ROGERS
9th Edition
, TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I — FOUNDATIONS OF CELLULAR FUNCTION & GENETICS
Chapter 1 — Introduction to Human
Pathophysiology Chapter 2 — Cellular Structure
and Basic Function Chapter 3 — Cellular Metabolism
and Energy Regulation
Chapter 4 — Mechanisms of Cellular Injury and
Adaptation Chapter 5 — Cell Death, Necrosis, and
Apoptosis
Chapter 6 — Genetics and Genomic Disorders
Chapter 7 — Epigenetics, Gene Expression, and Disease
Mechanisms Chapter 8 — Developmental Biology and Genetic
Influences on Growth
PART II — MECHANISMS OF DISEASE, IMMUNITY & INFLAMMATION
Chapter 9 — Homeostasis, Stress Responses, and
Allostasis Chapter 10 — Inflammation: Acute and
Chronic Processes Chapter 11 — Innate Immunity
and Barrier Defenses Chapter 12 — Adaptive
Immunity and Antigen Processing Chapter 13 —
Hypersensitivity Mechanisms I–IV
Chapter 14 — Autoimmune Disorders
Chapter 15 — Immunodeficiency
Disorders
Chapter 16 — Infectious Disease and Microbial Pathogenesis
Chapter 17 — Infections Across Lifespan and Opportunistic
Pathogens Chapter 18 — SIRS, Sepsis, Septic Shock, and
MODS
PART III — NEUROLOGICAL & MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEMS
Chapter 19 — Neuroanatomy and Cellular
Communication Chapter 20 — Sensory Systems
and Perception
Chapter 21 — Pain Pathways and Pain Disorders
Chapter 22 — Motor Function and Movement
Disorders Chapter 23 — Traumatic Brain and Spinal
Cord Injury Chapter 24 — Cerebrovascular
Disorders and Stroke
Chapter 25 — Neurodegenerative Diseases (e.g., Alzheimer,
Parkinson) Chapter 26 — Seizures and Epilepsy
Chapter 27 — Neuromuscular Junction Disorders
Chapter 28 — Musculoskeletal Physiology & Disorders of Bones & Joints
2|Page
,PART IV — ENDOCRINE, HEMATOLOGIC, CARDIOVASCULAR & RESPIRATORY
SYSTEMS
Chapter 29 — Endocrine System Physiology and Control
Mechanisms Chapter 30 — Pituitary, Thyroid, and Parathyroid
Disorders
Chapter 31 — Adrenal Disorders and Cortisol
Regulation Chapter 32 — Glucose Metabolism and
Diabetes Mellitus
Chapter 33 — Hematologic System Function and Erythrocyte Disorders
Chapter 34 — Leukocyte Disorders and Hematologic
Malignancies Chapter 35 — Coagulation and Platelet Disorders
Chapter 36 — Cardiovascular Structure and
Hemodynamics Chapter 37 — Hypertension and
Vascular Disorders
Chapter 38 — Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial
Ischemia Chapter 39 — Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies
Chapter 40 — Dysrhythmias and Conduction Problems
Chapter 41 — Respiratory Anatomy and Ventilation
Mechanisms Chapter 42 — Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders
Chapter 43 — Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders & Pulmonary Fibrosis
Chapter 44 — Pulmonary Vascular Diseases and Acute Respiratory
Failure
PART V — RENAL, GASTROINTESTINAL, HEPATIC, REPRODUCTIVE &
MULTISYSTEM DISORDERS
Chapter 45 — Renal Function, Filtration, and Fluid
Balance Chapter 46 — Acute and Chronic Kidney
Disorders
Chapter 47 — Acid–Base Imbalance and Renal Compensation
Chapter 48 — Gastrointestinal Motility and Inflammatory
Disorders Chapter 49 — Liver Physiology and Hepatobiliary
Disorders Chapter 50 — Pancreatic Function and Enzymatic
Disorders Chapter 51 — Female Reproductive Physiology
and Disorders Chapter 52 — Male Reproductive Physiology
and Disorders
Chapter 53 — Pregnancy, Placental Physiology & Obstetric
Complications Chapter 54 — Integumentary System Disorders
Chapter 55 — Pediatric
Pathophysiology Chapter 56 —
Geriatric Pathophysiology
Chapter 57 — Multi-Organ Dysfunction: Shock, Failure, and Critical Illness
3|Page
, CHAPTER 1 — CELLULAR STRUCTURE AND BASIC FUNCTION
1. A nurse explains to a student that the plasma membrane
primarily maintains cellular integrity by controlling which process?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Selective transport of molecules
C. DNA replication
D. Mitochondrial metabolism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The plasma membrane’s core function is selective permeability—
regulating which ions, nutrients, and waste products move in and out of the
cell. Protein synthesis (A) and DNA replication (C) occur in intracellular
organelles, while metabolism (D) occurs mainly in mitochondria.
2. Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing membrane-
bound and secretory proteins?
A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosomes in the cytosol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The rough ER produces proteins destined for secretion or
membrane insertion due to ribosomes attached to its surface. Smooth ER
synthesizes lipids, cytosolic ribosomes create intracellular proteins, and the
Golgi modifies and packages proteins.
4|Page
McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis
for Disease in Adults and Children
BY JULIA ROGERS
9th Edition
, TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I — FOUNDATIONS OF CELLULAR FUNCTION & GENETICS
Chapter 1 — Introduction to Human
Pathophysiology Chapter 2 — Cellular Structure
and Basic Function Chapter 3 — Cellular Metabolism
and Energy Regulation
Chapter 4 — Mechanisms of Cellular Injury and
Adaptation Chapter 5 — Cell Death, Necrosis, and
Apoptosis
Chapter 6 — Genetics and Genomic Disorders
Chapter 7 — Epigenetics, Gene Expression, and Disease
Mechanisms Chapter 8 — Developmental Biology and Genetic
Influences on Growth
PART II — MECHANISMS OF DISEASE, IMMUNITY & INFLAMMATION
Chapter 9 — Homeostasis, Stress Responses, and
Allostasis Chapter 10 — Inflammation: Acute and
Chronic Processes Chapter 11 — Innate Immunity
and Barrier Defenses Chapter 12 — Adaptive
Immunity and Antigen Processing Chapter 13 —
Hypersensitivity Mechanisms I–IV
Chapter 14 — Autoimmune Disorders
Chapter 15 — Immunodeficiency
Disorders
Chapter 16 — Infectious Disease and Microbial Pathogenesis
Chapter 17 — Infections Across Lifespan and Opportunistic
Pathogens Chapter 18 — SIRS, Sepsis, Septic Shock, and
MODS
PART III — NEUROLOGICAL & MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEMS
Chapter 19 — Neuroanatomy and Cellular
Communication Chapter 20 — Sensory Systems
and Perception
Chapter 21 — Pain Pathways and Pain Disorders
Chapter 22 — Motor Function and Movement
Disorders Chapter 23 — Traumatic Brain and Spinal
Cord Injury Chapter 24 — Cerebrovascular
Disorders and Stroke
Chapter 25 — Neurodegenerative Diseases (e.g., Alzheimer,
Parkinson) Chapter 26 — Seizures and Epilepsy
Chapter 27 — Neuromuscular Junction Disorders
Chapter 28 — Musculoskeletal Physiology & Disorders of Bones & Joints
2|Page
,PART IV — ENDOCRINE, HEMATOLOGIC, CARDIOVASCULAR & RESPIRATORY
SYSTEMS
Chapter 29 — Endocrine System Physiology and Control
Mechanisms Chapter 30 — Pituitary, Thyroid, and Parathyroid
Disorders
Chapter 31 — Adrenal Disorders and Cortisol
Regulation Chapter 32 — Glucose Metabolism and
Diabetes Mellitus
Chapter 33 — Hematologic System Function and Erythrocyte Disorders
Chapter 34 — Leukocyte Disorders and Hematologic
Malignancies Chapter 35 — Coagulation and Platelet Disorders
Chapter 36 — Cardiovascular Structure and
Hemodynamics Chapter 37 — Hypertension and
Vascular Disorders
Chapter 38 — Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial
Ischemia Chapter 39 — Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies
Chapter 40 — Dysrhythmias and Conduction Problems
Chapter 41 — Respiratory Anatomy and Ventilation
Mechanisms Chapter 42 — Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders
Chapter 43 — Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders & Pulmonary Fibrosis
Chapter 44 — Pulmonary Vascular Diseases and Acute Respiratory
Failure
PART V — RENAL, GASTROINTESTINAL, HEPATIC, REPRODUCTIVE &
MULTISYSTEM DISORDERS
Chapter 45 — Renal Function, Filtration, and Fluid
Balance Chapter 46 — Acute and Chronic Kidney
Disorders
Chapter 47 — Acid–Base Imbalance and Renal Compensation
Chapter 48 — Gastrointestinal Motility and Inflammatory
Disorders Chapter 49 — Liver Physiology and Hepatobiliary
Disorders Chapter 50 — Pancreatic Function and Enzymatic
Disorders Chapter 51 — Female Reproductive Physiology
and Disorders Chapter 52 — Male Reproductive Physiology
and Disorders
Chapter 53 — Pregnancy, Placental Physiology & Obstetric
Complications Chapter 54 — Integumentary System Disorders
Chapter 55 — Pediatric
Pathophysiology Chapter 56 —
Geriatric Pathophysiology
Chapter 57 — Multi-Organ Dysfunction: Shock, Failure, and Critical Illness
3|Page
, CHAPTER 1 — CELLULAR STRUCTURE AND BASIC FUNCTION
1. A nurse explains to a student that the plasma membrane
primarily maintains cellular integrity by controlling which process?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Selective transport of molecules
C. DNA replication
D. Mitochondrial metabolism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The plasma membrane’s core function is selective permeability—
regulating which ions, nutrients, and waste products move in and out of the
cell. Protein synthesis (A) and DNA replication (C) occur in intracellular
organelles, while metabolism (D) occurs mainly in mitochondria.
2. Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing membrane-
bound and secretory proteins?
A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosomes in the cytosol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The rough ER produces proteins destined for secretion or
membrane insertion due to ribosomes attached to its surface. Smooth ER
synthesizes lipids, cytosolic ribosomes create intracellular proteins, and the
Golgi modifies and packages proteins.
4|Page
