OCR A-Level Geography - Hazardous
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earth questions with answers || || || ||
What are the 3 layers of the Earth? - CORRECT
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ANSWER(S)✔✔*Crust*
Thinnest layer (varies from a few km thick up to 80km)
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Lighter elements present here (magnesium, silica,
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aluminium)
*Mantle*
The thickest layer (2900km thick)
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Made up of the lithosphere, the asthenosphere and the
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inner mantle
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*Outer Core* || ||
Liquid
The Gutenburg discontinuity is the boundary between the
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mantle and the outer core
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*Inner Core* || ||
Solid
,Most dense layer (about 1200km thick) containing iron
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and nickel
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What 2 layers does the upper mantle consist of? -
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CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔*Lithosphere* (semi-core) || ||
|| The top part of the mantle
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Rigid and stuck to the underside of the crust
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Varies in thickness || ||
Boundary with asthenosphere difficult to define (melts
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and becomes incorporated in asthenosphere)
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*Asthenosphere* extends 100-300km || ||
Semi-molten/viscous - Allows rock to move due to high
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pressure in mantle. || ||
|| Flowing slowly ||
What are continental and oceanic plates made up of? -
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CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔Lithosphere and crust || || ||
Where do convection currents exist?
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What do these do? - CORRECT
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ANSWER(S)✔✔Asthenosphere
Caused by vast amounts of heat generated in mantle.
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,They pull on the underside of the lithosphere causing it to
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move, resulting in plate movement
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What are the properties of the *continental crust*? -
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CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔Thickness: ||
35km average (<30-70km)
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Density:
2.6-2.7 g/cm^3 ||
Mineral composition: ||
Mainly granitic, silicon, aluminium
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Much older than oceanic crust (up to 4 billion years old)
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What are the properties of the *oceanic crust*? -
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CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔Thickness: ||
5-10km
Density:
3.0 g/cm^3
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, Mineral composition: ||
Mainly basaltic, silicon and magnesium
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Much younger than continental crust (up to 260 million
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years old) ||
Explain the movement of the crust caused by convection
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currents in the mantle. - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔Hot rock
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rises from lower to upper asthenosphere.
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Hot rock spreads and cools, pushing plates apart.
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Cool rock sinks back down towards core.
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As (oceanic) plate subducts at ocean trenches, gravity
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pulls it under || || ||
Rising mantle pushes crust upwards at mid-ocean
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trenches, while gravity pulls it back down || || || || || ||
What was Alfred Wegener's theory? - CORRECT
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ANSWER(S)✔✔250 million years ago (Carboniferous || || || || ||
period), all the Earth's continents fit together (*Pangea*).
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|| || || || ||
earth questions with answers || || || ||
What are the 3 layers of the Earth? - CORRECT
|| || || || || || || || || ||
ANSWER(S)✔✔*Crust*
Thinnest layer (varies from a few km thick up to 80km)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Lighter elements present here (magnesium, silica,
|| || || || || ||
aluminium)
*Mantle*
The thickest layer (2900km thick)
|| || || ||
Made up of the lithosphere, the asthenosphere and the
|| || || || || || || || ||
inner mantle
||
*Outer Core* || ||
Liquid
The Gutenburg discontinuity is the boundary between the
|| || || || || || ||
mantle and the outer core
|| || || || ||
*Inner Core* || ||
Solid
,Most dense layer (about 1200km thick) containing iron
|| || || || || || || ||
and nickel
||
What 2 layers does the upper mantle consist of? -
|| || || || || || || || || ||
CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔*Lithosphere* (semi-core) || ||
|| The top part of the mantle
|| || || || || ||
Rigid and stuck to the underside of the crust
|| || || || || || || || ||
Varies in thickness || ||
Boundary with asthenosphere difficult to define (melts
|| || || || || || || ||
and becomes incorporated in asthenosphere)
|| || || ||
*Asthenosphere* extends 100-300km || ||
Semi-molten/viscous - Allows rock to move due to high
|| || || || || || || || || ||
pressure in mantle. || ||
|| Flowing slowly ||
What are continental and oceanic plates made up of? -
|| || || || || || || || || ||
CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔Lithosphere and crust || || ||
Where do convection currents exist?
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What do these do? - CORRECT
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ANSWER(S)✔✔Asthenosphere
Caused by vast amounts of heat generated in mantle.
|| || || || || || || ||
,They pull on the underside of the lithosphere causing it to
|| || || || || || || || || ||
move, resulting in plate movement
|| || || || ||
What are the properties of the *continental crust*? -
|| || || || || || || || ||
CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔Thickness: ||
35km average (<30-70km)
|| ||
Density:
2.6-2.7 g/cm^3 ||
Mineral composition: ||
Mainly granitic, silicon, aluminium
|| || ||
Much older than oceanic crust (up to 4 billion years old)
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What are the properties of the *oceanic crust*? -
|| || || || || || || || ||
CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔Thickness: ||
5-10km
Density:
3.0 g/cm^3
||
, Mineral composition: ||
Mainly basaltic, silicon and magnesium
|| || || ||
Much younger than continental crust (up to 260 million
|| || || || || || || || ||
years old) ||
Explain the movement of the crust caused by convection
|| || || || || || || || ||
currents in the mantle. - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔Hot rock
|| || || || || || ||
rises from lower to upper asthenosphere.
|| || || || || ||
Hot rock spreads and cools, pushing plates apart.
|| || || || || || ||
Cool rock sinks back down towards core.
|| || || || || ||
As (oceanic) plate subducts at ocean trenches, gravity
|| || || || || || || ||
pulls it under || || ||
Rising mantle pushes crust upwards at mid-ocean
|| || || || || || ||
trenches, while gravity pulls it back down || || || || || ||
What was Alfred Wegener's theory? - CORRECT
|| || || || || || ||
ANSWER(S)✔✔250 million years ago (Carboniferous || || || || ||
period), all the Earth's continents fit together (*Pangea*).
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