NUR 514 EXAM 2 Study Questions
with Verified Results Latest Edition
1. What is a crystalloid solution? - ANSWER mix of water and electrolytes
used for fluid replacement
2. What is a colloid solution? - ANSWER contains water and proteins and
large molecules to remain in vascular space
3. What is the primary characteristic of global aphasia? - ANSWER client
cannot understand or speak, indicating severe impairment
4. What amount of weight should a client with heart failure report to their
provider? - ANSWER Report a weight gain of 3 pounds over 1-2 days or 3-
5 pounds over a week
5. define hypertension - ANSWER persistent systolic BP (SBP) of 140 mm
Hg or more, diastolic BP (DBP) of 90 mm Hg or more, or current use of
antihypertensive medication
6. define prehypertension - ANSWER - SBP of 120-129 mm Hg or DBP of
80-89 mm Hg
7. define isolated systolic hypertension - ANSWER Systolic hypertension is
greater than 140, while diastolic is relatively normal (<90)
,8. define primary hypertension - ANSWER elevated BP without identified
cause
9. define secondary hypertension - ANSWER a specific cause of hypertension
can be identified, contributes to hypertensive crisis
10.define hypertensive crisis - ANSWER SBP >180 and/or DBP >120
11.Hypertension Stage 1 - ANSWER 130-139/80-89
12.Hypertension Stage 2 - ANSWER 140 or higher/90 or higher
13.What type of HF is most common? - ANSWER left sided HF
14.What is heart failure? - ANSWER abnormal condition where the heart can't
pump or fill effectively, leading to decreased cardiac output and impaired
circulation
15.What is a normal cardiac output (CO) and what is it in HF? - ANSWER
Normal CO: 4-8 L/min; In HF: < 4 L/min
16.What is cardiac output? - ANSWER amount of blood pumped per minute
17.What is normal ejection fraction (EF) and what is it in HF? - ANSWER
Normal EF: 50-70%; HF: < 40%.
18.What are the primary risk factors for heart failure? - ANSWER Coronary
artery disease (CAD) & hypertension
, 19.What are contributing risk factors for HF? - ANSWER Age, diabetes,
tobacco use, obesity, high cholesterol, genetics
20.What causes left-sided HF and what are its symptoms? - ANSWER From
LV dysfunction (MI, HTN, CAD). Causes pulmonary congestion and edema
21.What causes right-sided HF and what are its symptoms? - ANSWER Often
from left-sided HF or cor pulmonale. Causes JVD, hepatomegaly,
splenomegaly, portal HTN, GI congestion, peripheral edema
22.what is ADHF (acute decompensated heart failure)? - ANSWER A sudden
worsening of HF symptoms, often requiring hospitalization. Involves
pulmonary congestion and volume overload
23.What is a key sign of HF exacerbation? - ANSWER Sudden weight gain >3
lb (1.4 kg) in 2 days
24.What are signs/symptoms of HF? - ANSWER Edema, weight gain,
anorexia, fatigue, dyspnea, orthopnea, cough (pink/white sputum),
tachycardia, confusion, angina, A-fib
25.What is the primary characteristic of receptive aphasia? (Wernicke's
aphasia) - ANSWER client cannot understand what is being said to them by
others
26.What is considered a normal ejection fraction (EF) percentage? - ANSWER
50-70%
with Verified Results Latest Edition
1. What is a crystalloid solution? - ANSWER mix of water and electrolytes
used for fluid replacement
2. What is a colloid solution? - ANSWER contains water and proteins and
large molecules to remain in vascular space
3. What is the primary characteristic of global aphasia? - ANSWER client
cannot understand or speak, indicating severe impairment
4. What amount of weight should a client with heart failure report to their
provider? - ANSWER Report a weight gain of 3 pounds over 1-2 days or 3-
5 pounds over a week
5. define hypertension - ANSWER persistent systolic BP (SBP) of 140 mm
Hg or more, diastolic BP (DBP) of 90 mm Hg or more, or current use of
antihypertensive medication
6. define prehypertension - ANSWER - SBP of 120-129 mm Hg or DBP of
80-89 mm Hg
7. define isolated systolic hypertension - ANSWER Systolic hypertension is
greater than 140, while diastolic is relatively normal (<90)
,8. define primary hypertension - ANSWER elevated BP without identified
cause
9. define secondary hypertension - ANSWER a specific cause of hypertension
can be identified, contributes to hypertensive crisis
10.define hypertensive crisis - ANSWER SBP >180 and/or DBP >120
11.Hypertension Stage 1 - ANSWER 130-139/80-89
12.Hypertension Stage 2 - ANSWER 140 or higher/90 or higher
13.What type of HF is most common? - ANSWER left sided HF
14.What is heart failure? - ANSWER abnormal condition where the heart can't
pump or fill effectively, leading to decreased cardiac output and impaired
circulation
15.What is a normal cardiac output (CO) and what is it in HF? - ANSWER
Normal CO: 4-8 L/min; In HF: < 4 L/min
16.What is cardiac output? - ANSWER amount of blood pumped per minute
17.What is normal ejection fraction (EF) and what is it in HF? - ANSWER
Normal EF: 50-70%; HF: < 40%.
18.What are the primary risk factors for heart failure? - ANSWER Coronary
artery disease (CAD) & hypertension
, 19.What are contributing risk factors for HF? - ANSWER Age, diabetes,
tobacco use, obesity, high cholesterol, genetics
20.What causes left-sided HF and what are its symptoms? - ANSWER From
LV dysfunction (MI, HTN, CAD). Causes pulmonary congestion and edema
21.What causes right-sided HF and what are its symptoms? - ANSWER Often
from left-sided HF or cor pulmonale. Causes JVD, hepatomegaly,
splenomegaly, portal HTN, GI congestion, peripheral edema
22.what is ADHF (acute decompensated heart failure)? - ANSWER A sudden
worsening of HF symptoms, often requiring hospitalization. Involves
pulmonary congestion and volume overload
23.What is a key sign of HF exacerbation? - ANSWER Sudden weight gain >3
lb (1.4 kg) in 2 days
24.What are signs/symptoms of HF? - ANSWER Edema, weight gain,
anorexia, fatigue, dyspnea, orthopnea, cough (pink/white sputum),
tachycardia, confusion, angina, A-fib
25.What is the primary characteristic of receptive aphasia? (Wernicke's
aphasia) - ANSWER client cannot understand what is being said to them by
others
26.What is considered a normal ejection fraction (EF) percentage? - ANSWER
50-70%
