Fitzgerald Post Test Study Set
1. Inhibitor - ANSWER blocks a specific enzymatic pathway, keeps substrate
from exiting, allowing increase in susbtrate levels, and possible risk of
substrate-induced toxicity
2. CYP450 2D6 inhibitors - ANSWER Fluoxetine, paroxetine, bupropion,
duloxetine
3. CYP450 1A2 inhibitors - ANSWER Fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, paroxetine,
sertraline, cimetidine, omeprazole, fluoroquinolones
4. Concomitant use of 2D6 inhibitors with 2D6 substrates = - ANSWER an
increase in substrate levels, potentially leading to substrate-induced toxicity
5. Concomitant use of 1A2 inhibitors with 2D6 substrates = - ANSWER an
increase in substrate levels, potentially leading to substrate-induced toxicity
6. CYP450 3A4 inhibitors - ANSWER erythromycin and clarithromycin
7. Inducer - ANSWER Pushes the substrate out of the exit pathway, leading to
a reduction in substrate level
8. CYP450 3A4 inducers - ANSWER St John's wort, oxcarbazepine
9. CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CY3A4/5 inducer - ANSWER Carbamazepine
10.CYP450 3A4 inducers - medications of concern - ANSWER select
antiretrovirals, oral contraceptives, cyclosporine
11.Primary headache - ANSWER - Not associated with underlying illness
- migraine, tension-type, cluster
12.Secondary headache - ANSWER headache identified as a symptom of
another organic disorder (e.g., brain tumor, hypertension)
13.Thryoid produces which two hormones - ANSWER Thyroxine - T4 and
Triodothyronine - T#
1
,14.Table 2-9 - ANSWER Hypothyroidism
15.MOM'S SO TIRED (hypothyroidism) - ANSWER Memory loss
Obesity
Menorrhagia
Slowness
Skin and hair dryness
Onset gradual
Tiredness
Intolerance to cold
Raised BP
Energy levels fall
Depression/Delayed reflexes
16.SWEATING (hyperthyroidism) - ANSWER Sweating
Weight loss
Emotional lability
Appetite increased, but losing weight
Tremor/Tachycardia
Intolerance of heat, irregular menstration, irritability
Nervousness
Goiter, GI problems
17.Thyroid disorders lab tests - ANSWER TSH: 0.4-4.0 miU/L
18.TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) - ANSWER Stimulates thyroid gland to
produce thyroid hormones (T4) from the pituitarys anterior lobe
19.Free Thyroxine (T4) range - ANSWER 10-27 pmol/L or 0.8-2.8 ng/dL
20.Free thyroxine (T4) - ANSWER unbound or biologically active thyroxine
(T4) hormone
21.Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO Ab) - ANSWER a test to help detect
autoimmune thyroid disease
22.Low thyroxine (T4) = - ANSWER - high TSH
2
, - untreated hypothyroidism
- inadequete thyroxine dose
23.High thyroxine (T4) = - ANSWER - Low TSH
- unstreated hyperthyroidism
- excessive thyroxine dose
24.Hyperthyroidism symptoms - ANSWER fine tremor, exophthalmos, lid
retraction
25.Hypothyroidism symptoms - ANSWER Dry skin, hung-up DTR,
menorrhagia
26.Both Hyper and Hypothyroidism symptoms - ANSWER mental status
change, atypical presentation in elder, thryoid enlargement
27.Hypoglycemia signs and symptoms - ANSWER - Confusion, irritability,
diaphoresis, tremors, weakness, visual disturbances, can mimic alcohol
intoxication
- If left untreated: loss of consciousness, seizures, and death can occur
28.Hyperglycemia signs and symptoms - ANSWER polydipsia, polyphagia,
polyuria, weight loss, fatigue, pruritus.
29.SGAs - ANSWER increased risk of hyperglycemia and diabetes
30.Metabolic syndrome - ANSWER large waistline
hyperhcholesterolemia
low hdl-cholesterol
high blood presure
high glucose
31.SGA metabolic risks - ANSWER Worse--> Best: Olanzapine, clozapine,
risperidone, ziprasidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole, paliperidone, asenapine,
Iloperidone, Lurasidone, primavenserin, brexipiprazole, cariprazine,
lumaterperone
32.Statin therapy - ANSWER Age < 75 = high dose statin
Age > 75 = moderate dose statin
LDL >190 = high dose statin
3
, LDL 70-189 + Diabetes + 10 year CVD risk . 7.5% = moderate dose statin
33.used to screen and monitor for depression - ANSWER The Hamilton
Depression Rating Scale (Ham D)
34.Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)
35.Antipsychotic agents are generally effective for acute mania - ANSWER
cariprazine and risperidone
36.Which of the following classes should not be initiated immediately after
SSRI discontinuation? - ANSWER MAOI
37.Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) - ANSWER The risk in a control group
minus the risk in a treatment group
38.The concomitant use of MAOIs and St. John's wort can lead to - ANSWER
serotonin syndrome
39.Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) - ANSWER The percentage of risk removed
by the treatment
40.True randomization sample - ANSWER no bias in sample selection
41.Stratified sample - ANSWER a selective reproduction of the population
42.non-probability sampling - ANSWER a sampling technique in which there is
no way to calculate the likelihood that a specific element of the population
being studied will be chosen
43.Reliability - ANSWER the concept that results can be repeated and are not
just a fluke
44.Validity - ANSWER The results indicate what the researcher thinks they
indicate
45.Internal validity - ANSWER includes research design and steps of the
scientific method
46.External validity - ANSWER includes assessment of the interference's or
causal relationship
4
1. Inhibitor - ANSWER blocks a specific enzymatic pathway, keeps substrate
from exiting, allowing increase in susbtrate levels, and possible risk of
substrate-induced toxicity
2. CYP450 2D6 inhibitors - ANSWER Fluoxetine, paroxetine, bupropion,
duloxetine
3. CYP450 1A2 inhibitors - ANSWER Fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, paroxetine,
sertraline, cimetidine, omeprazole, fluoroquinolones
4. Concomitant use of 2D6 inhibitors with 2D6 substrates = - ANSWER an
increase in substrate levels, potentially leading to substrate-induced toxicity
5. Concomitant use of 1A2 inhibitors with 2D6 substrates = - ANSWER an
increase in substrate levels, potentially leading to substrate-induced toxicity
6. CYP450 3A4 inhibitors - ANSWER erythromycin and clarithromycin
7. Inducer - ANSWER Pushes the substrate out of the exit pathway, leading to
a reduction in substrate level
8. CYP450 3A4 inducers - ANSWER St John's wort, oxcarbazepine
9. CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CY3A4/5 inducer - ANSWER Carbamazepine
10.CYP450 3A4 inducers - medications of concern - ANSWER select
antiretrovirals, oral contraceptives, cyclosporine
11.Primary headache - ANSWER - Not associated with underlying illness
- migraine, tension-type, cluster
12.Secondary headache - ANSWER headache identified as a symptom of
another organic disorder (e.g., brain tumor, hypertension)
13.Thryoid produces which two hormones - ANSWER Thyroxine - T4 and
Triodothyronine - T#
1
,14.Table 2-9 - ANSWER Hypothyroidism
15.MOM'S SO TIRED (hypothyroidism) - ANSWER Memory loss
Obesity
Menorrhagia
Slowness
Skin and hair dryness
Onset gradual
Tiredness
Intolerance to cold
Raised BP
Energy levels fall
Depression/Delayed reflexes
16.SWEATING (hyperthyroidism) - ANSWER Sweating
Weight loss
Emotional lability
Appetite increased, but losing weight
Tremor/Tachycardia
Intolerance of heat, irregular menstration, irritability
Nervousness
Goiter, GI problems
17.Thyroid disorders lab tests - ANSWER TSH: 0.4-4.0 miU/L
18.TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) - ANSWER Stimulates thyroid gland to
produce thyroid hormones (T4) from the pituitarys anterior lobe
19.Free Thyroxine (T4) range - ANSWER 10-27 pmol/L or 0.8-2.8 ng/dL
20.Free thyroxine (T4) - ANSWER unbound or biologically active thyroxine
(T4) hormone
21.Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO Ab) - ANSWER a test to help detect
autoimmune thyroid disease
22.Low thyroxine (T4) = - ANSWER - high TSH
2
, - untreated hypothyroidism
- inadequete thyroxine dose
23.High thyroxine (T4) = - ANSWER - Low TSH
- unstreated hyperthyroidism
- excessive thyroxine dose
24.Hyperthyroidism symptoms - ANSWER fine tremor, exophthalmos, lid
retraction
25.Hypothyroidism symptoms - ANSWER Dry skin, hung-up DTR,
menorrhagia
26.Both Hyper and Hypothyroidism symptoms - ANSWER mental status
change, atypical presentation in elder, thryoid enlargement
27.Hypoglycemia signs and symptoms - ANSWER - Confusion, irritability,
diaphoresis, tremors, weakness, visual disturbances, can mimic alcohol
intoxication
- If left untreated: loss of consciousness, seizures, and death can occur
28.Hyperglycemia signs and symptoms - ANSWER polydipsia, polyphagia,
polyuria, weight loss, fatigue, pruritus.
29.SGAs - ANSWER increased risk of hyperglycemia and diabetes
30.Metabolic syndrome - ANSWER large waistline
hyperhcholesterolemia
low hdl-cholesterol
high blood presure
high glucose
31.SGA metabolic risks - ANSWER Worse--> Best: Olanzapine, clozapine,
risperidone, ziprasidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole, paliperidone, asenapine,
Iloperidone, Lurasidone, primavenserin, brexipiprazole, cariprazine,
lumaterperone
32.Statin therapy - ANSWER Age < 75 = high dose statin
Age > 75 = moderate dose statin
LDL >190 = high dose statin
3
, LDL 70-189 + Diabetes + 10 year CVD risk . 7.5% = moderate dose statin
33.used to screen and monitor for depression - ANSWER The Hamilton
Depression Rating Scale (Ham D)
34.Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)
35.Antipsychotic agents are generally effective for acute mania - ANSWER
cariprazine and risperidone
36.Which of the following classes should not be initiated immediately after
SSRI discontinuation? - ANSWER MAOI
37.Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) - ANSWER The risk in a control group
minus the risk in a treatment group
38.The concomitant use of MAOIs and St. John's wort can lead to - ANSWER
serotonin syndrome
39.Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) - ANSWER The percentage of risk removed
by the treatment
40.True randomization sample - ANSWER no bias in sample selection
41.Stratified sample - ANSWER a selective reproduction of the population
42.non-probability sampling - ANSWER a sampling technique in which there is
no way to calculate the likelihood that a specific element of the population
being studied will be chosen
43.Reliability - ANSWER the concept that results can be repeated and are not
just a fluke
44.Validity - ANSWER The results indicate what the researcher thinks they
indicate
45.Internal validity - ANSWER includes research design and steps of the
scientific method
46.External validity - ANSWER includes assessment of the interference's or
causal relationship
4
