CNSC EXAM 2 PRACTICE SOLUTION 2026
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ Which water-soluble vitamins do not require Na+ co-transporters
for absorption? Answer: B12 and folic acid
◉ What facilitates the absorption of sodium in the lumen of the
small intestine? Answer: Glucose (enhances both sodium and water
uptake)
◉ Mucosal atrophy that accompanies bowel rest may result from an
absence of Answer: glutamine (can be added to PN to decrease
atrophic changes)
◉ The majority of fat digestion occurs in the Answer: duodenum
◉ Average nitrogen content of protein Answer: 16%
◉ How to calculate grams of nitrogen per grams of protein Answer:
16% of grams of protein
OR grams of protein / 6.25
,◉ Recommended protein requirements for critically ill trauma
patients Answer: 1.5-2.0 g/kg
◉ The only amino acid that is completely oxidized for energy within
the muscle Answer: Leucine
◉ Which oils are included in commercial enteral formulas to provide
a high supply of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids? Answer: Canola
Corn
Soybean
Safflower
◉ What is the most predominant clinical change seen with Essential
Fatty Acid Deficiency? Answer: A dry, scaly rash
◉ The enerfy for glucose transport is provided by active transport of
Answer: sodium out of the cell
◉ What is ursodiol? Answer: A form of bile acid that may potentially
improve fat absorption
◉ First-line therapy for hyperkalemic emergencies is Answer:
calcium gluconate
, ◉ NG tube suction can cause which electrolyte to be lost? Answer:
Potassium
◉ Diarrhea leads to which acid-base disorder? Answer: Metabolic
acidosis
◉ What is the maximum hang time for closed-system enteral
formulas? Answer: Up to 48 hours
◉ Lactose is a common ingredient in which type of enteral formula?
Answer: Standard infant formula
◉ Compared to gastric feeding, small bowel feeding is associated
with what outcome in critically ill patients? Answer: Increased
nutrient delivery
◉ What interventions may assist with prevention of inadvertent
respiratory misplacement during NG tube insertion in an alert
patient? Answer: Elevate the head of the bed
Have patient flex head slightly forward once tube tip is in posterior
nostril
Have patient swallow small sips of water
◉ What is splanchnic blood flow? Answer: Blood flow to the bowel
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ Which water-soluble vitamins do not require Na+ co-transporters
for absorption? Answer: B12 and folic acid
◉ What facilitates the absorption of sodium in the lumen of the
small intestine? Answer: Glucose (enhances both sodium and water
uptake)
◉ Mucosal atrophy that accompanies bowel rest may result from an
absence of Answer: glutamine (can be added to PN to decrease
atrophic changes)
◉ The majority of fat digestion occurs in the Answer: duodenum
◉ Average nitrogen content of protein Answer: 16%
◉ How to calculate grams of nitrogen per grams of protein Answer:
16% of grams of protein
OR grams of protein / 6.25
,◉ Recommended protein requirements for critically ill trauma
patients Answer: 1.5-2.0 g/kg
◉ The only amino acid that is completely oxidized for energy within
the muscle Answer: Leucine
◉ Which oils are included in commercial enteral formulas to provide
a high supply of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids? Answer: Canola
Corn
Soybean
Safflower
◉ What is the most predominant clinical change seen with Essential
Fatty Acid Deficiency? Answer: A dry, scaly rash
◉ The enerfy for glucose transport is provided by active transport of
Answer: sodium out of the cell
◉ What is ursodiol? Answer: A form of bile acid that may potentially
improve fat absorption
◉ First-line therapy for hyperkalemic emergencies is Answer:
calcium gluconate
, ◉ NG tube suction can cause which electrolyte to be lost? Answer:
Potassium
◉ Diarrhea leads to which acid-base disorder? Answer: Metabolic
acidosis
◉ What is the maximum hang time for closed-system enteral
formulas? Answer: Up to 48 hours
◉ Lactose is a common ingredient in which type of enteral formula?
Answer: Standard infant formula
◉ Compared to gastric feeding, small bowel feeding is associated
with what outcome in critically ill patients? Answer: Increased
nutrient delivery
◉ What interventions may assist with prevention of inadvertent
respiratory misplacement during NG tube insertion in an alert
patient? Answer: Elevate the head of the bed
Have patient flex head slightly forward once tube tip is in posterior
nostril
Have patient swallow small sips of water
◉ What is splanchnic blood flow? Answer: Blood flow to the bowel
