NURS 3366 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Physiology - ANSWER ✔ The study of functions & processes that occur in
the body, mostly the NORMAL processes
2. Pathophysiology - ANSWER ✔ The study of the underlying changes in
body physiology that result from disease or injury
3. Homeostasis - ANSWER ✔ Maintenance of constant conditions in the
body's internal environment (body's balancing act)
4. Stressors - ANSWER ✔ Challenges to the body's balance (homeostasis)
5. Compensation - ANSWER ✔ The (appropriate) return of homeostasis after
being challenged by a stressor (similar words include adaptation, healing,
etc.)
6. genetic disorder - ANSWER ✔ can be inherited or arise spontaneously in
response to an influence
,7. 4 groupings of genetic disorders - ANSWER ✔ disorders or mitochondrial
DNA,
Multifactorial, Chromosomal, Single Gene
8. Mitochondrial genetic disorders causes - ANSWER ✔ combination of
several influences, including inheritance, environment, events in uterus
9. fetal alcohol syndrome - ANSWER ✔ defects caused by the effects of
alcohol on an unborn child
10.Thalidomide Defect - ANSWER ✔ Babies born with limbs absent
11.How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? - ANSWER ✔ 23 pairs
12.How many pairs of chromosomes are autosomal chromosomes? - ANSWER
✔ 22 pairs
13.How many pairs are sex chromosomes? - ANSWER ✔ 1
14.Homozygous dominant - ANSWER ✔ GG
15.Heterozygous dominant - ANSWER ✔ Gg
16.Homozygous recessive - ANSWER ✔ gg
,17.Examples of Multifactorial Inheritance Disorders - ANSWER ✔ Lung
cancer, HTN, CAD, DM
18.Teratogenic disorder - ANSWER ✔ any influence -- eg. drugs, radiation,
viruses - that can cause congenital defects
19.Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - ANSWER ✔ occurs because toxicity of alcohol
causes gene mutations during gestational development
20.Thalidomide Babies - ANSWER ✔ born with abnormal arms & legs due to
mothers taking the drug thalidomide during early pregnancy
21.Down syndrome is also called what? - ANSWER ✔ Trisomy 21
22.homeostasis - ANSWER ✔ maintenance of constant conditions in the body's
internal environment
23.compensation - ANSWER ✔ the return to homeostasis after being
challenged by a stressor
24.Glycogenolysis - ANSWER ✔ breakdown of glycogen to glucose
25.decompensation - ANSWER ✔ the failure to compensate, adapt, doesn't
return to homeostasis
26.disease - ANSWER ✔ harmful condition of the body or mind
, 27.disorder - ANSWER ✔ disturbance in the healthiness of the body
28.syndrome - ANSWER ✔ a collection of symptoms
29.A 55 year old man with emphysema (lung dz) who has smoked 2 packs of
cigs per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset cough with bloody
sputum. After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse read a
physician's note on the chat: "I have told the pt the etiologies of his
presenting problem are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2)
the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of both was contributed to by
his longstanding smoking". The patient asks the nurse for more information
about his illness. Which explanation, by the nurse, indicates a full
understanding of the pt situation? - ANSWER ✔ " The coughing up of blood
is caused by a worsening of a dz you've had for a long time plus a new
prolbem -- lung cancer."
30.A 55 year old man with emphysema (lung dz) who has smoked 2 packs of
cigs per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset cough with bloody
sputum. After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse read a
physician's note on the chat: "I have told the pt the etiologies of his
presenting problem are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2)
the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of both was contributed to by
his longstanding smoking". The patient asks the nurse for more information
about his illness. Based on the information you have on the pt, which
statement is most likely correct? - ANSWER ✔ Heavy cigarette smoking
was a risk factor in the pt developing emphysema and lung cancer.
31.An 80 yo pt has experienced a massive blood loss following an accident. His
vital signs are: BP 80/50, HR 120, RR 20, temp 98.6. In assessing the pt, the
nurse understands that the abnormal HR is - ANSWER ✔ due to the pt hear
compensating for low blood volume by pumping faster.
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Physiology - ANSWER ✔ The study of functions & processes that occur in
the body, mostly the NORMAL processes
2. Pathophysiology - ANSWER ✔ The study of the underlying changes in
body physiology that result from disease or injury
3. Homeostasis - ANSWER ✔ Maintenance of constant conditions in the
body's internal environment (body's balancing act)
4. Stressors - ANSWER ✔ Challenges to the body's balance (homeostasis)
5. Compensation - ANSWER ✔ The (appropriate) return of homeostasis after
being challenged by a stressor (similar words include adaptation, healing,
etc.)
6. genetic disorder - ANSWER ✔ can be inherited or arise spontaneously in
response to an influence
,7. 4 groupings of genetic disorders - ANSWER ✔ disorders or mitochondrial
DNA,
Multifactorial, Chromosomal, Single Gene
8. Mitochondrial genetic disorders causes - ANSWER ✔ combination of
several influences, including inheritance, environment, events in uterus
9. fetal alcohol syndrome - ANSWER ✔ defects caused by the effects of
alcohol on an unborn child
10.Thalidomide Defect - ANSWER ✔ Babies born with limbs absent
11.How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? - ANSWER ✔ 23 pairs
12.How many pairs of chromosomes are autosomal chromosomes? - ANSWER
✔ 22 pairs
13.How many pairs are sex chromosomes? - ANSWER ✔ 1
14.Homozygous dominant - ANSWER ✔ GG
15.Heterozygous dominant - ANSWER ✔ Gg
16.Homozygous recessive - ANSWER ✔ gg
,17.Examples of Multifactorial Inheritance Disorders - ANSWER ✔ Lung
cancer, HTN, CAD, DM
18.Teratogenic disorder - ANSWER ✔ any influence -- eg. drugs, radiation,
viruses - that can cause congenital defects
19.Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - ANSWER ✔ occurs because toxicity of alcohol
causes gene mutations during gestational development
20.Thalidomide Babies - ANSWER ✔ born with abnormal arms & legs due to
mothers taking the drug thalidomide during early pregnancy
21.Down syndrome is also called what? - ANSWER ✔ Trisomy 21
22.homeostasis - ANSWER ✔ maintenance of constant conditions in the body's
internal environment
23.compensation - ANSWER ✔ the return to homeostasis after being
challenged by a stressor
24.Glycogenolysis - ANSWER ✔ breakdown of glycogen to glucose
25.decompensation - ANSWER ✔ the failure to compensate, adapt, doesn't
return to homeostasis
26.disease - ANSWER ✔ harmful condition of the body or mind
, 27.disorder - ANSWER ✔ disturbance in the healthiness of the body
28.syndrome - ANSWER ✔ a collection of symptoms
29.A 55 year old man with emphysema (lung dz) who has smoked 2 packs of
cigs per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset cough with bloody
sputum. After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse read a
physician's note on the chat: "I have told the pt the etiologies of his
presenting problem are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2)
the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of both was contributed to by
his longstanding smoking". The patient asks the nurse for more information
about his illness. Which explanation, by the nurse, indicates a full
understanding of the pt situation? - ANSWER ✔ " The coughing up of blood
is caused by a worsening of a dz you've had for a long time plus a new
prolbem -- lung cancer."
30.A 55 year old man with emphysema (lung dz) who has smoked 2 packs of
cigs per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset cough with bloody
sputum. After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse read a
physician's note on the chat: "I have told the pt the etiologies of his
presenting problem are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2)
the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of both was contributed to by
his longstanding smoking". The patient asks the nurse for more information
about his illness. Based on the information you have on the pt, which
statement is most likely correct? - ANSWER ✔ Heavy cigarette smoking
was a risk factor in the pt developing emphysema and lung cancer.
31.An 80 yo pt has experienced a massive blood loss following an accident. His
vital signs are: BP 80/50, HR 120, RR 20, temp 98.6. In assessing the pt, the
nurse understands that the abnormal HR is - ANSWER ✔ due to the pt hear
compensating for low blood volume by pumping faster.
