NURS 5334 ANTIMICROBIAL BEST REVIEW QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS EXAM 2026

NURS 5334 ANTIMICROBIAL BEST REVIEW QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS EXAM 2026 Why do many medications lack pediatric dosing information in their drug labeling - Correct Ans-There is lack of evidence-based literature on the safe and effective use of medications in children Why are neonates at greater risk for toxicity with highly protein-bound drugs - Correct Ans-Protein binding is decreased in neonates increasing the amount of free drug available At what age are adult levels of renal function achieved - Correct Ans-12 months What is the most accurate device for measuring a 2.5mL dose for a child - Correct Ans An oral syringe How do you help prevent medication errors - Correct Ans-Write out the term daily In pediatric patients gastric acidity does not reach adult values for - Correct Ans-2 years Nalidixic acid may cause _______ in children - Correct Ans-cartilage erosion Altered absorption of drugs in the elderly may result in _______ drug response - Correct Ans-Delayed You have an elderly patient taking warfarin. You add another protein binding drug. Which of the following statements is correct? - Correct Ans-You will need to decrease dose of warfarin In elderly, proper index of renal function is _____ - Correct Ans-Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) List that identifies drugs with high likelihood of cause adverse effects in elderly - Correct Ans-Beers list Primary mechanism of antibacterial action of the penicillin's involve inhibition of - Correct Ans-Cell wall synthesis by binding and inactivating penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) NURS 5334 NURS 5334 Which statement about vancomycin is accurate - Correct Ans-Increases bacterial cell wall permeability and inhibits RNA synthesis The mechanism of action of the tetracyclines involves - Correct Ans-Inhibiting protein synthesis Mechanism of action of aminoglycosides - Correct Ans-Causes misreading of the code on the mRNA template to inhibit protein synthesis Which statement is accurate regarding the antibacterial action of gentamicin - Correct Ans-Gentamicin continues to exert antibacterial effects even after plasma level decrease below detectable levels If a patient was treated with the macrolide erythromycin, he/she should - Correct Ans Temporarily stop simvastatin while taking erythromycin 24 year old woman returned from vacation abroad suffering from traveler's diarrhea, and her problem has not responded to antidiarrheal drugs. A pathogenic gram-negative bacillus is suspected. Which drug is most likely to be effective in the treatment of this patient - Correct Ans-Ciprofloxacin Which is accurate about fluoroquinolones - Correct Ans-Fluoroquinolones have different therapeutic applications depending on the generation Which adverse effect is MOST LIKELY to occur with sulfonamides - Correct Ans-Skin reactions Which is true about ciprofloxacin - Correct Ans-During treatment, tendonitis and even tendon rupture may occur Primary reason for the use of drug combinations in treatment of TB is to - Correct Ans Delay or prevent emergence of resistance Which is true about fluconazole - Correct Ans-Primary route of excretion is renal 55 year old man has been on anticoagulant treatment for many years and is newly diagnosed with TB. Which of the following antimycobacterial agents would MOST LIKELY induce cytochrome P450 enzymes in the patient's liver thereby modifying the effects of his anticoagulant treatment - Correct Ans-Rifampin Which drug is an antiviral that can be used to decrease shedding with genital herpes - Correct Ans-Valacyclovir First generation cephalosporins are best against which organism - Correct Ans-Gram positive cocci NURS 5334 NURS 5334 Cefepime is eliminated via - Correct Ans-Tubular secretion and or glomerular filtration Which cephalosporins cause bleeding tendencies - Correct Ans-cefotetan and ceftriaxone Which cephalosporins induce alcohol intolerance - Correct Ans-Cefotetan and Cefazolin Which macrolide is LEAST likely to cause QT prolongation - Correct Ans-Azithromycin Which of the following cephalosporins has activity against gram negative anaerobic pathogens such as Bacteroides Fragilis - Correct Ans-Cefoxitin [Mefoxin] 20 year comes in with UTI. Based on symptoms and UA, diagnosed with UTI. Cultures reveal Enterococcus faecalis that is sensitive to all antibiotics usually tested for potential treatment. Which of the following is an appropriate oral option to treat the UTI - Correct Ans-Amoxicillin 1st line antibiotic for patient with comorbidities [immunosuppression] who has pneumonia and can be treated as an outpatient would be - Correct Ans-Levofloxacin John is 4 week old infant who has been diagnosed with Chlamydial pneumonia. An appropriate treatment for his pneumonia would be - Correct Ans-Erythromycin Which is primary method of B-lactamase resistance with streptococcus pneumoniae - Correct Ans-Modification of target site An 80 year old patient will be taking Cefdinir [Omnicef]. Before initiating therapy, the NP should order - Correct Ans-Creatinine clearance A patient on long term Clindamycin therapy should be warned of which side effect - Correct Ans-Clostridium Difficile Diarrhea What is extremely resistant TB resistant to - Correct Ans-All fluoroquinolones, Isoniazid [INH] and rifampin, and at least one of the injectable second line drugs What is multidrug resistant TB - Correct Ans-Resistant to both isoniazid [INH] and Rifampin Which medications create problematic interactions with other HIV antiviral drugs - Correct Ans-Rifampin and Rifabutin Treating one infection interferes with treatment of the other in patients with both TB and HIV - Correct Ans-True NURS 5334 NURS 5334 John has HIV and has just been diagnosed with TB. What is the MINIMUM amount of time he will need therapy - Correct Ans-6 months Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient about INH therapy - Correct Ans-An adverse effect of isoniazid therapy is peripheral neuropathy, which can be reversed with pyridoxine A group of college students are traveling to a chloroquine-resistant malaria area for a mission trip. Which of the following medications can be used for both prevention and treatment of malaria in these students - Correct Ans-Atoraquone-proguanil Which information should be included when teaching about rifampin - Correct Ans Rifampin can change the color of body fluids to reddish orange Which TB medication can cause decrease in vision - Correct Ans-Ethambutol Jade comes in with Vaginal Candidiasis. What is the NP going to prescribe - Correct Ans-Fluconazole 150mg by mouth once Brittany is a 23 year old female and culture - Correct Ans-Metronidazole gel 0.75%, one full applicator intravaginally once daily for 5 days Randy is a 19 year old male and has diagnosed with chlamydia. Which of the following is the appropriate treatment - Correct Ans-Doxycycline 100mg PO twice daily for 7 days Madeline is a 29 year old with genital herpes and would like suppressive therapy. Which of the following is the appropriate treatment - Correct Ans-Valacyclovir 500mg by mouth daily for 1 year Treatment for an 18 year old non pregnant female with uncomplicated cervix infection with gonorrhea and chlamydial infection has not been excluded is - Correct Ans Ceftriaxone 500mg IM plus Doxycycline 100mg PO twice daily for 7 days Jake a 34 year old male has primary syphilis. What is appropriate treatment - Correct Ans-Benzathine penicillin G (Bicillin LA) IM Lauren a 22 year old female comes into the clinic and is diagnosed with Trichomoniasis. The NP can prescribe - Correct Ans-Metronidazole 500mg by mouth twice daily for 7 days Tinidazole 2 grams by mouth in a single dose What do you tell the patient taking metronidazole about drinking alcohol - Correct Ans Metronidazole can cause a disulfiram-like reaction if taken with alcohol Alcohol must be avoided completely during treatment and for 72 hours after treatment NURS 5334 NURS 5334 Max is a 70 year old diabetic with shingles. What lab test would you want to order prior to starting an antiviral - Correct Ans-BUN/Cr which of the following medications is used for herpes labialis - Correct Ans-Penciclovir Which of the following can be given if started within 48 hours of onset of flu sympto