FISDAP EMT Exam 1 – Airway, Respiratory Emergencies & CHF | Verified Questions & Answers |
100% Latest Update 2026
Who is COPD commonly found in? - (answer)COPD is most commonly a problem of middle-aged or older
patients. This is because these disorders ordinarily take time to develop as tissues in the respiratory
tract react to irritants.
What causes COPD - (answer)Cigarette smoking causes the overwhelming majority of cases of COPD.
Occasionally, other irritants such as chemicals, air pollutants, or repeated infections cause this
condition.
What happens to the body with chronic bronchitis? - (answer)In chronic bronchitis, the bronchiole lining
is inflamed and excess mucus is formed. The cells in the bronchioles that normally clear away
accumulations of mucus are not able to do so. The sweeping apparatus on these cells, the cilia, has been
damaged or destroyed.
What happens to the lungs with emphysema? - (answer)In emphysema, the walls of the alveoli break
down, greatly reducing the surface area for respiratory exchange. The lungs begin to lose elasticity.
These factors combine to allow stale air laden with carbon dioxide to be trapped in the lungs, reducing
the effectiveness of normal breathing efforts.
Why does a COPD patient call 911 typically? - (answer)Usually the reason a COPD patient calls the
ambulance is that a recent upper respiratory infection has caused an acute worsening of chronic
disease.
What can cause an asthma attack? - (answer)Attacks can be precipitated by insect stings, air pollutants,
infection, strenuous exercise, or emotional stress.
What happens to the body during an asthma attack? - (answer)When an asthma attack occurs, the small
bronchioles that lead to the air sacs of the lungs become narrowed because of contractions of the
muscles that make up the airway. To complicate matters, there is an overproduction of thick mucus.
Albuterol: - (answer)a medication that dilates the bronchial passageways by engaging beta receptors
associated with the sympathetic nervous system. It is relatively fast-acting and is generally the first line
of therapy in a bronchoconstricted patient.
, FISDAP EMT Exam 1 – Airway, Respiratory Emergencies & CHF | Verified Questions & Answers |
100% Latest Update 2026
Ipratopium Bromide: - (answer)a bronchodilator that accomplishes its goal by blocking
bronchoconstriction associated with the parasympathetic nervous system. It is an anticholinergic
medication. Ipratropium has a slower onset compared with albuterol, and also lasts longer.
DuoNeb™: - (answer)a formulation that combines both albuterol and ipratropium bromide. It therefore
provides bronchodilation through beta stimulation and by blocking parasympathetic
bronchoconstriction. This mix of medication is often used as a first-line agent to treat
bronchoconstriction.
Neb/Inhaler side effects - (answer)Patients may experience an increased pulse rate, tremors,
nervousness, or a "jittery" feeling.
Inhaler medications: - (answer)Examples of these medications include albuterol (Ventolin® HFA,
Proventil®, Volmax®) and levalbuterol (Xopenex®).
What are wheezes - (answer)Wheezes are high-pitched sounds that will seem almost musical in nature.
The sound is created by air moving through narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be heard in a
variety of diseases but is common in asthma and sometimes in chronic obstructive lung diseases such as
emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Wheezing is most commonly heard during expiration.
What type of lung sounds do you expect to hear with an emphysema patient? - (answer)Wheezes are
high-pitched sounds that will seem almost musical in nature. The sound is created by air moving through
narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be heard in a variety of diseases but is common in asthma and
sometimes in chronic obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Wheezing is
most commonly heard during expiration.
What are crackles? - (answer)Crackles are (as the name indicates) a fine crackling or bubbling sound
heard on inspiration in the lower airway. The sound is caused by fluid in the alveoli or by the opening of
closed alveoli. Some people refer to crackles as rales.
What are rhonchi? - (answer)Rhonchi are lower-pitched sounds that resemble snoring or rattling. They
are caused by secretions in larger airways, as might be seen with pneumonia or bronchitis, or when
materials are aspirated (breathed) into the lungs. The difference between crackles and rhonchi is not
always obvious and is somewhat subjective. However, rhonchi generally are louder than crackles.
100% Latest Update 2026
Who is COPD commonly found in? - (answer)COPD is most commonly a problem of middle-aged or older
patients. This is because these disorders ordinarily take time to develop as tissues in the respiratory
tract react to irritants.
What causes COPD - (answer)Cigarette smoking causes the overwhelming majority of cases of COPD.
Occasionally, other irritants such as chemicals, air pollutants, or repeated infections cause this
condition.
What happens to the body with chronic bronchitis? - (answer)In chronic bronchitis, the bronchiole lining
is inflamed and excess mucus is formed. The cells in the bronchioles that normally clear away
accumulations of mucus are not able to do so. The sweeping apparatus on these cells, the cilia, has been
damaged or destroyed.
What happens to the lungs with emphysema? - (answer)In emphysema, the walls of the alveoli break
down, greatly reducing the surface area for respiratory exchange. The lungs begin to lose elasticity.
These factors combine to allow stale air laden with carbon dioxide to be trapped in the lungs, reducing
the effectiveness of normal breathing efforts.
Why does a COPD patient call 911 typically? - (answer)Usually the reason a COPD patient calls the
ambulance is that a recent upper respiratory infection has caused an acute worsening of chronic
disease.
What can cause an asthma attack? - (answer)Attacks can be precipitated by insect stings, air pollutants,
infection, strenuous exercise, or emotional stress.
What happens to the body during an asthma attack? - (answer)When an asthma attack occurs, the small
bronchioles that lead to the air sacs of the lungs become narrowed because of contractions of the
muscles that make up the airway. To complicate matters, there is an overproduction of thick mucus.
Albuterol: - (answer)a medication that dilates the bronchial passageways by engaging beta receptors
associated with the sympathetic nervous system. It is relatively fast-acting and is generally the first line
of therapy in a bronchoconstricted patient.
, FISDAP EMT Exam 1 – Airway, Respiratory Emergencies & CHF | Verified Questions & Answers |
100% Latest Update 2026
Ipratopium Bromide: - (answer)a bronchodilator that accomplishes its goal by blocking
bronchoconstriction associated with the parasympathetic nervous system. It is an anticholinergic
medication. Ipratropium has a slower onset compared with albuterol, and also lasts longer.
DuoNeb™: - (answer)a formulation that combines both albuterol and ipratropium bromide. It therefore
provides bronchodilation through beta stimulation and by blocking parasympathetic
bronchoconstriction. This mix of medication is often used as a first-line agent to treat
bronchoconstriction.
Neb/Inhaler side effects - (answer)Patients may experience an increased pulse rate, tremors,
nervousness, or a "jittery" feeling.
Inhaler medications: - (answer)Examples of these medications include albuterol (Ventolin® HFA,
Proventil®, Volmax®) and levalbuterol (Xopenex®).
What are wheezes - (answer)Wheezes are high-pitched sounds that will seem almost musical in nature.
The sound is created by air moving through narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be heard in a
variety of diseases but is common in asthma and sometimes in chronic obstructive lung diseases such as
emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Wheezing is most commonly heard during expiration.
What type of lung sounds do you expect to hear with an emphysema patient? - (answer)Wheezes are
high-pitched sounds that will seem almost musical in nature. The sound is created by air moving through
narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be heard in a variety of diseases but is common in asthma and
sometimes in chronic obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Wheezing is
most commonly heard during expiration.
What are crackles? - (answer)Crackles are (as the name indicates) a fine crackling or bubbling sound
heard on inspiration in the lower airway. The sound is caused by fluid in the alveoli or by the opening of
closed alveoli. Some people refer to crackles as rales.
What are rhonchi? - (answer)Rhonchi are lower-pitched sounds that resemble snoring or rattling. They
are caused by secretions in larger airways, as might be seen with pneumonia or bronchitis, or when
materials are aspirated (breathed) into the lungs. The difference between crackles and rhonchi is not
always obvious and is somewhat subjective. However, rhonchi generally are louder than crackles.
