EXPH 386 FINAL | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026
UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
% of macronutrients digested and absorbed
CHO:
Lipids: (kcals/g)
Proteins: Answer - CHO: 97% (4 kcals/g)
Lipids: 95% (9 kcals/g)
Proteins: 92% (4 kcals/g)
1st law of thermodynamics Answer - energy is neither created or destroyed,
but transferred
2nd law of thermodynamics Answer - PE to degrade to KE w/ a lower capacity
to do work
How many kcal of free energy are produced for every ATP degraded to ADP?
Answer - 7.3 kcals
Anaerobic glycolysis occurs where Answer - cytosol
Aerobic ATP synthesis occurs where Answer - Mitochondria - most ATP formed
here; citric acid cycle as well
,How much ATP stored within the cell? Answer - small amounts bc its
continually synthesized
Energy for phosphorylation is oxidation of.. (3) Answer - carbs, lipids, and
proteins
Energy released from the breakdown of energy rich ATP and CP can sustain
max exercise such as sprinting for: (adenylate kinase) Answer - 8 to 10 seconds
In all out efforts longer than 10 second, an ________ is needed to synthesis
ATP Answer - additional energy source
This produces more than 90% of ATP synthesis Answer - oxidative
phosphorylation
Every NADH and H+ in ETC = Answer - 3 ATP
Every FADH in ETC = Answer - 2 ATP
Final electron accepter in ETC is.. Answer - oxygen and then turns to water
Conditions needed for oxidative phosphorylation (3) Answer - 1. reducing
agent in form of NADH or FADH2
2. oxidizing agent (O2 must be present in tissue)
3. sufficient amount of enzymes needed to make energy transfer
The only nutrient whose stored energy can be used to generate ATP
anaerobically Answer - carbs
, For one glucose molecule = how many moles of ATP generated? Answer - 36
When glucose enters cell to be used for energy it undergoes series of reactions
Answer - glycolysis
When reactions start w/ stored glycogen, breaks it down into glucose for
energy Answer - glycogenolysis
Net gain of ATP molecules during anaerobic glycolysis is Answer - 2
Glycogenolysis begins in the..
glycogen breakdown is regulated by..
the activity of this enzyme is influenced by.. Answer - cytoplasm
phosphorylase
epinephrine
Total of ___ ATP molecules formed aerobically Answer - 4
NADH + Pyruvic Acid = Answer - Lactic Acid
When is lactic acid being produced? Answer - always (anaerobic glycolysis)
Lactic acid does what to blood pH Answer - increases it
During recovery when exercise decreases, _____ and _____ can be converted
to glucose Answer - lactic acid and pyruvate
UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
% of macronutrients digested and absorbed
CHO:
Lipids: (kcals/g)
Proteins: Answer - CHO: 97% (4 kcals/g)
Lipids: 95% (9 kcals/g)
Proteins: 92% (4 kcals/g)
1st law of thermodynamics Answer - energy is neither created or destroyed,
but transferred
2nd law of thermodynamics Answer - PE to degrade to KE w/ a lower capacity
to do work
How many kcal of free energy are produced for every ATP degraded to ADP?
Answer - 7.3 kcals
Anaerobic glycolysis occurs where Answer - cytosol
Aerobic ATP synthesis occurs where Answer - Mitochondria - most ATP formed
here; citric acid cycle as well
,How much ATP stored within the cell? Answer - small amounts bc its
continually synthesized
Energy for phosphorylation is oxidation of.. (3) Answer - carbs, lipids, and
proteins
Energy released from the breakdown of energy rich ATP and CP can sustain
max exercise such as sprinting for: (adenylate kinase) Answer - 8 to 10 seconds
In all out efforts longer than 10 second, an ________ is needed to synthesis
ATP Answer - additional energy source
This produces more than 90% of ATP synthesis Answer - oxidative
phosphorylation
Every NADH and H+ in ETC = Answer - 3 ATP
Every FADH in ETC = Answer - 2 ATP
Final electron accepter in ETC is.. Answer - oxygen and then turns to water
Conditions needed for oxidative phosphorylation (3) Answer - 1. reducing
agent in form of NADH or FADH2
2. oxidizing agent (O2 must be present in tissue)
3. sufficient amount of enzymes needed to make energy transfer
The only nutrient whose stored energy can be used to generate ATP
anaerobically Answer - carbs
, For one glucose molecule = how many moles of ATP generated? Answer - 36
When glucose enters cell to be used for energy it undergoes series of reactions
Answer - glycolysis
When reactions start w/ stored glycogen, breaks it down into glucose for
energy Answer - glycogenolysis
Net gain of ATP molecules during anaerobic glycolysis is Answer - 2
Glycogenolysis begins in the..
glycogen breakdown is regulated by..
the activity of this enzyme is influenced by.. Answer - cytoplasm
phosphorylase
epinephrine
Total of ___ ATP molecules formed aerobically Answer - 4
NADH + Pyruvic Acid = Answer - Lactic Acid
When is lactic acid being produced? Answer - always (anaerobic glycolysis)
Lactic acid does what to blood pH Answer - increases it
During recovery when exercise decreases, _____ and _____ can be converted
to glucose Answer - lactic acid and pyruvate
