PENN FOSTER VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY
FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ Describe how drugs affect the nervous system. Answer: Drugs
affect the nervous system by acting at the synaptic junctions to
promote neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or block
them from acting.
◉ Identify examples of respiratory drugs. Answer: Expectorants,
mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, decongestants
◉ List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation.
Answer: NSAIDs, Opioids, Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids,
nerve blocks
◉ Summarize the difference between ophthalmic and otic drugs.
Answer:
◉ Compare and contrast cardiovascular and gastrointestinal drugs.
Answer:
◉ Describe how antiparasitic drugs work. Answer: Antiparasitic
drugs work by destroying parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most
,work by interfering with the parasite's nervous system to prevent
them from moving.
◉ Discuss why replacement drugs are often necessary for animal
health. Answer:
◉ Explain the veterinary technician's role in inventory control.
Answer: keeping the staff informed regarding discontinued items,
knowing the dates on which backordered items will be released
from the vendor, packing up goods awaiting return to the vendor
(e.g., expired items), rotating stock correctly, maintaining current
prices on all products, organizing inventory for ease of location and
counting, receiving and inspecting orders on arrival at the veterinary
facility, and learning about new products.
◉ Define: Agonist. Answer: Drug that has affinity for a
receptor/stimulates receptor into action
◉ Define: Contraindication. Answer: A reason not to use a drug in a
particular situation
◉ Define: Efficacy. Answer: the degree to which a drug produces its
desired response.
,◉ Define: Over-the-counter drug. Answer: One that may be
purchased without prescription from a veterinarian
◉ Define: Prescription Drug. Answer: One that must be used under
the supervision of a veterinarina
◉ Define: Receptor. Answer: a group of specialized molecules on or
in a cell that bind with a drug to produce an effect
◉ Define: Therapeutic Index. Answer: expresses the relationship
between a drug's therapeutic and harmful effects
◉ Define: Withdrawl Time. Answer: Amount of time that must
elapse between the end of drug therapy and elimination of that drug
from patients tissues or products
◉ Define: Veterinarian-client-patient relationship. Answer:
Relationship that must exist between the vet, the patient, and the
owner before prescription drugs can be dispensed.
◉ List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med. Answer: Animal product,
plant material, minerals, synthetic products
, ◉ What are 4 components of a drug regimen?. Answer: Dose, route,
frequency, and duration of administration.
◉ Discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid
veterinarian-client-patient relationship can be shown to exist.
Answer: 1.vet must assume responsibility for making clinical
judgments in relation to health of the animal.
2. Vet must have recently seen the animal and be acquainted with it's
care.
3.Vet must be available for follow-up care of the animal
◉ Discuss the responsibilities of a vet tech in the administration of
drug orders. Answer: To carry out the vet's orders correctly. should
read the drug label three times to ensure proper drug is being
administered and should take care to administer correct dose by
correct route. Should be aware of the expected affects and potential
adverse side effects and be able to monitor the patient.
◉ Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from
administration to excretion. Answer: Drug is absorbed (or placed
directly) into the bloodstream, the drug may bind with plasma in the
blood or may exist in free state, circulating blood distributes drug to
capillary level where it leaves circulation and enters interstitial fluid.
it bathes the cell and allows drug to bind to cell surface receptors or
enter the cell. It then exits the cell and moves back into interstitial
fluid, reenters circulation, and is transported to liver for metabolism.
The metabolite is then transported to kidneys for excretion.
FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ Describe how drugs affect the nervous system. Answer: Drugs
affect the nervous system by acting at the synaptic junctions to
promote neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or block
them from acting.
◉ Identify examples of respiratory drugs. Answer: Expectorants,
mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, decongestants
◉ List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation.
Answer: NSAIDs, Opioids, Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids,
nerve blocks
◉ Summarize the difference between ophthalmic and otic drugs.
Answer:
◉ Compare and contrast cardiovascular and gastrointestinal drugs.
Answer:
◉ Describe how antiparasitic drugs work. Answer: Antiparasitic
drugs work by destroying parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most
,work by interfering with the parasite's nervous system to prevent
them from moving.
◉ Discuss why replacement drugs are often necessary for animal
health. Answer:
◉ Explain the veterinary technician's role in inventory control.
Answer: keeping the staff informed regarding discontinued items,
knowing the dates on which backordered items will be released
from the vendor, packing up goods awaiting return to the vendor
(e.g., expired items), rotating stock correctly, maintaining current
prices on all products, organizing inventory for ease of location and
counting, receiving and inspecting orders on arrival at the veterinary
facility, and learning about new products.
◉ Define: Agonist. Answer: Drug that has affinity for a
receptor/stimulates receptor into action
◉ Define: Contraindication. Answer: A reason not to use a drug in a
particular situation
◉ Define: Efficacy. Answer: the degree to which a drug produces its
desired response.
,◉ Define: Over-the-counter drug. Answer: One that may be
purchased without prescription from a veterinarian
◉ Define: Prescription Drug. Answer: One that must be used under
the supervision of a veterinarina
◉ Define: Receptor. Answer: a group of specialized molecules on or
in a cell that bind with a drug to produce an effect
◉ Define: Therapeutic Index. Answer: expresses the relationship
between a drug's therapeutic and harmful effects
◉ Define: Withdrawl Time. Answer: Amount of time that must
elapse between the end of drug therapy and elimination of that drug
from patients tissues or products
◉ Define: Veterinarian-client-patient relationship. Answer:
Relationship that must exist between the vet, the patient, and the
owner before prescription drugs can be dispensed.
◉ List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med. Answer: Animal product,
plant material, minerals, synthetic products
, ◉ What are 4 components of a drug regimen?. Answer: Dose, route,
frequency, and duration of administration.
◉ Discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid
veterinarian-client-patient relationship can be shown to exist.
Answer: 1.vet must assume responsibility for making clinical
judgments in relation to health of the animal.
2. Vet must have recently seen the animal and be acquainted with it's
care.
3.Vet must be available for follow-up care of the animal
◉ Discuss the responsibilities of a vet tech in the administration of
drug orders. Answer: To carry out the vet's orders correctly. should
read the drug label three times to ensure proper drug is being
administered and should take care to administer correct dose by
correct route. Should be aware of the expected affects and potential
adverse side effects and be able to monitor the patient.
◉ Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from
administration to excretion. Answer: Drug is absorbed (or placed
directly) into the bloodstream, the drug may bind with plasma in the
blood or may exist in free state, circulating blood distributes drug to
capillary level where it leaves circulation and enters interstitial fluid.
it bathes the cell and allows drug to bind to cell surface receptors or
enter the cell. It then exits the cell and moves back into interstitial
fluid, reenters circulation, and is transported to liver for metabolism.
The metabolite is then transported to kidneys for excretion.
