PENN FOSTER VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026
◉ name two types of parenteral injection forms. Answer: injections,
implants.
◉ Vials may be either ___ dose or ___ dose. Answer: single-, multi-
◉ All needles should be discarded in a _____. Answer: sharps
container
◉ Name the 6 rights of drug administration. Answer: Right patient,
right drug, right dose, right
route, right time and frequency, right
documentation
◉ Oral drugs should never be adminsitered in animals that are.
Answer: Vomiting
◉ Intravenous administration of drugs allows the most _____ and
effective administration. Answer: Rapid
,◉ An indwelling catheter should be replaced with a new one every
____ hours. Answer: 72
◉ A Simplex (gravity set) IV system is used to administer fluids to
____ animals. Answer: large
◉ Name six items that should be recorded in the controlled
substance log. Answer: Date, owner's name, patient's name, drug
name, amount dispensed or administered, name(s) of personnel
administering the drug to the patient
◉ Why should drugs be given by injection not be stored in syringes
for any length of time before administration?. Answer: The plastic
syringe may absorb the drug, which may cause it to be less effective
◉ List 4 types of syringe tips that are available for use. Answer: luer-
lock, slip-tip, eccentric, catheter tip
◉ A tuberculin syringe holds up to _____mL of medication. Answer: 1
◉ A(n) ______ is an agent that produces superficial irritation that is
intended to relieve some other irritation. Answer: Counter irritant
,◉ What type of syringe is divided into units rather than mls?.
Answer: insulin syringe
◉ A(n) _____ will usually separate after long periods of shelf life and
must be shaken well before use to provide a uniform dose. Answer:
suspension
◉ Which syringe is constructed in such a way that the needle screws
onto the tip of the syringe?. Answer: Luer-Lok tip
◉ All of the following are sites for IV administration in small animals
except
a. jugular vein
b. carotid artery
c. lateral saphenous vein
d. phalic vein. Answer: b. carotid artery
◉ If an IV catheter is not used continuously it should be flushed with
heparinized saline every ___ to ___ hours. Answer: 8,12
◉ Cerumen is a substance that is commonly found in what anatomic
part of the body?. Answer: ear
, ◉ Any patient receiving IV fluid therapy should be monitored every
___ to ___ minutes.. Answer: 15,30
◉ IV tubing should be changed after a ___ to ___ hour period..
Answer: 48, 72
◉ When an intramuscular injection is given in the pelvic limb of a
dog or cat, the area near the ___ nerve should be avoided.. Answer:
sciatic
◉ Describe the difference between an agonist and an opioid
antagonist. Answer: An agonist is a drug that combines with a
receptor to bring about an action and an antagonist combines with a
receptor to block the action.
◉ Define: neurotransmitter. Answer: A neurotransmitter is a
chemical substance released by a nerve ending at the synapse. It acts
on the adjacent neuron to stimulate, inhibit, or change its activity.
◉ The area of the brain that serves to relay information from the
spinal cord and brainstem to the interpretation center in the
cerebrum is the_____. Answer: Thalamus
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026
◉ name two types of parenteral injection forms. Answer: injections,
implants.
◉ Vials may be either ___ dose or ___ dose. Answer: single-, multi-
◉ All needles should be discarded in a _____. Answer: sharps
container
◉ Name the 6 rights of drug administration. Answer: Right patient,
right drug, right dose, right
route, right time and frequency, right
documentation
◉ Oral drugs should never be adminsitered in animals that are.
Answer: Vomiting
◉ Intravenous administration of drugs allows the most _____ and
effective administration. Answer: Rapid
,◉ An indwelling catheter should be replaced with a new one every
____ hours. Answer: 72
◉ A Simplex (gravity set) IV system is used to administer fluids to
____ animals. Answer: large
◉ Name six items that should be recorded in the controlled
substance log. Answer: Date, owner's name, patient's name, drug
name, amount dispensed or administered, name(s) of personnel
administering the drug to the patient
◉ Why should drugs be given by injection not be stored in syringes
for any length of time before administration?. Answer: The plastic
syringe may absorb the drug, which may cause it to be less effective
◉ List 4 types of syringe tips that are available for use. Answer: luer-
lock, slip-tip, eccentric, catheter tip
◉ A tuberculin syringe holds up to _____mL of medication. Answer: 1
◉ A(n) ______ is an agent that produces superficial irritation that is
intended to relieve some other irritation. Answer: Counter irritant
,◉ What type of syringe is divided into units rather than mls?.
Answer: insulin syringe
◉ A(n) _____ will usually separate after long periods of shelf life and
must be shaken well before use to provide a uniform dose. Answer:
suspension
◉ Which syringe is constructed in such a way that the needle screws
onto the tip of the syringe?. Answer: Luer-Lok tip
◉ All of the following are sites for IV administration in small animals
except
a. jugular vein
b. carotid artery
c. lateral saphenous vein
d. phalic vein. Answer: b. carotid artery
◉ If an IV catheter is not used continuously it should be flushed with
heparinized saline every ___ to ___ hours. Answer: 8,12
◉ Cerumen is a substance that is commonly found in what anatomic
part of the body?. Answer: ear
, ◉ Any patient receiving IV fluid therapy should be monitored every
___ to ___ minutes.. Answer: 15,30
◉ IV tubing should be changed after a ___ to ___ hour period..
Answer: 48, 72
◉ When an intramuscular injection is given in the pelvic limb of a
dog or cat, the area near the ___ nerve should be avoided.. Answer:
sciatic
◉ Describe the difference between an agonist and an opioid
antagonist. Answer: An agonist is a drug that combines with a
receptor to bring about an action and an antagonist combines with a
receptor to block the action.
◉ Define: neurotransmitter. Answer: A neurotransmitter is a
chemical substance released by a nerve ending at the synapse. It acts
on the adjacent neuron to stimulate, inhibit, or change its activity.
◉ The area of the brain that serves to relay information from the
spinal cord and brainstem to the interpretation center in the
cerebrum is the_____. Answer: Thalamus
