COMPTIA A+ EXAMS: BIOS/UEFI REVIEW:
UPDATED 2026 FUNDAMENTALS AND
SYSTEM OVERSIGHT.
⫸ ACL. Ans: Access Control List-specifies which users or system
processes are granted access to objects, as well as what operations are
allowed on given objects.
*Firewall
⫸ ADF. Ans: Automatic Document Feeder-a feature in printers,
photocopiers, fax machines or scanners wherein a stack of paper put
into the machine and is then automatically fed through it, allowing the
user to print, scan or copy without having to manually place each
page into the machine.
⫸ AES. Ans: Advanced Encryption Standard - symmetric block
cipher chosen by us government to protect classified information.
Each cipher encrypts and decrypts data in blocks of 128 bits using
cryptographic keys of 128, 192 and 256 bits. Security experts
consider AES safe against brute-force attacks
⫸ AP. Ans: Access Point - allows wired to connect to wireless.
Connects directly to broadband router or network switch with
Ethernet or data cable
⫸ APFS. Ans: Apple File System
,⫸ APIPA. Ans: Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing-
enables computers to self-configure an IP address and subnet mask
automatically when their DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol) server isn't reachable.
⫸ APK. Ans: Android package kit- file format for applications used
on the Android operating system
⫸ ARM. Ans: Advanced RISC - Reduced Instruction Set Computer -
Machine
⫸ ARP. Ans: Address Resolution Protocol - connects ever changing
IP address to a fixed physical machine address
⫸ ATA. Ans: advanced technology attachment - physical interface
for connecting storage devices to computer.
⫸ ATM. Ans: Asynchronous Transfer Mode
⫸ ATX. Ans: Advanced Technology Extended
⫸ AUP. Ans: Acceptable Use Policy
⫸ BIOS. Ans: Basic Input/Output System
,⫸ BSOD. Ans: Blue Screen of Death - windows stop error -
something fatal occurred, need to restart, blue screen gives you
reasons for why error occurred, if screen disappears too fast you can
go to windows event viewer to see all info related to issue
⫸ BYOD. Ans: Bring Your Own Device
⫸ CAD. Ans: Computer Aided Design
⫸ CAPTCHA. Ans: Completely Automated Public Turing Test To
Tell Computers and Humans Apart
⫸ CDFS. Ans: compact disc file system
⫸ CDMA. Ans: Code Division Multiple Access
⫸ CERT. Ans: Computer Emergency Response Team
⫸ CIFS. Ans: Common Internet File System
⫸ CMD. Ans: Command prompt
⫸ CMOS. Ans: complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
⫸ CPU. Ans: Central Processing Unit; the brain of the computer.
, ⫸ CRL. Ans: Certificate Revocation List
⫸ DC. Ans: direct current flows in one direction- more energy
efficient than AC
⫸ DDoS Attack. Ans: Distributed Denial of Service Attack. Attacker
floods a server with internet traffic to prevent users from accessing
connected online services and sites
⫸ LCD. Ans: liquid crystal display; uses backlight or reflector to
produce color images - harder to get deep black color
⫸ OSI Model. Ans: 7Application-web browser, http, 6Presentation-
encryption, 5Session-when two computers need to speak, session
created, 4Transport- Tcp udp, 3Network-packet forwarding, routing,
2Data Link-node to node data transfer, 1Physical-cables
⫸ DDR. Ans: Double Data Rate
⫸ DHCP. Ans: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
⫸ DIMM. Ans: dual inline memory module
⫸ DKIM. Ans: Domain Keys Identified Mail
UPDATED 2026 FUNDAMENTALS AND
SYSTEM OVERSIGHT.
⫸ ACL. Ans: Access Control List-specifies which users or system
processes are granted access to objects, as well as what operations are
allowed on given objects.
*Firewall
⫸ ADF. Ans: Automatic Document Feeder-a feature in printers,
photocopiers, fax machines or scanners wherein a stack of paper put
into the machine and is then automatically fed through it, allowing the
user to print, scan or copy without having to manually place each
page into the machine.
⫸ AES. Ans: Advanced Encryption Standard - symmetric block
cipher chosen by us government to protect classified information.
Each cipher encrypts and decrypts data in blocks of 128 bits using
cryptographic keys of 128, 192 and 256 bits. Security experts
consider AES safe against brute-force attacks
⫸ AP. Ans: Access Point - allows wired to connect to wireless.
Connects directly to broadband router or network switch with
Ethernet or data cable
⫸ APFS. Ans: Apple File System
,⫸ APIPA. Ans: Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing-
enables computers to self-configure an IP address and subnet mask
automatically when their DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol) server isn't reachable.
⫸ APK. Ans: Android package kit- file format for applications used
on the Android operating system
⫸ ARM. Ans: Advanced RISC - Reduced Instruction Set Computer -
Machine
⫸ ARP. Ans: Address Resolution Protocol - connects ever changing
IP address to a fixed physical machine address
⫸ ATA. Ans: advanced technology attachment - physical interface
for connecting storage devices to computer.
⫸ ATM. Ans: Asynchronous Transfer Mode
⫸ ATX. Ans: Advanced Technology Extended
⫸ AUP. Ans: Acceptable Use Policy
⫸ BIOS. Ans: Basic Input/Output System
,⫸ BSOD. Ans: Blue Screen of Death - windows stop error -
something fatal occurred, need to restart, blue screen gives you
reasons for why error occurred, if screen disappears too fast you can
go to windows event viewer to see all info related to issue
⫸ BYOD. Ans: Bring Your Own Device
⫸ CAD. Ans: Computer Aided Design
⫸ CAPTCHA. Ans: Completely Automated Public Turing Test To
Tell Computers and Humans Apart
⫸ CDFS. Ans: compact disc file system
⫸ CDMA. Ans: Code Division Multiple Access
⫸ CERT. Ans: Computer Emergency Response Team
⫸ CIFS. Ans: Common Internet File System
⫸ CMD. Ans: Command prompt
⫸ CMOS. Ans: complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
⫸ CPU. Ans: Central Processing Unit; the brain of the computer.
, ⫸ CRL. Ans: Certificate Revocation List
⫸ DC. Ans: direct current flows in one direction- more energy
efficient than AC
⫸ DDoS Attack. Ans: Distributed Denial of Service Attack. Attacker
floods a server with internet traffic to prevent users from accessing
connected online services and sites
⫸ LCD. Ans: liquid crystal display; uses backlight or reflector to
produce color images - harder to get deep black color
⫸ OSI Model. Ans: 7Application-web browser, http, 6Presentation-
encryption, 5Session-when two computers need to speak, session
created, 4Transport- Tcp udp, 3Network-packet forwarding, routing,
2Data Link-node to node data transfer, 1Physical-cables
⫸ DDR. Ans: Double Data Rate
⫸ DHCP. Ans: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
⫸ DIMM. Ans: dual inline memory module
⫸ DKIM. Ans: Domain Keys Identified Mail
