Genetics Definitions:
Term Definition
Genetics The study of heredity and variation of gametes
Gene A sequence of nucleotides on a chromosome that code for a
particular trait.
Genome The entire genetic makeup of an individual
Gene pool Set of all genes (alleles) in a population of a particular species
Allele Alternate form of the gene
Locus The exact location of a gene on a DNA strand
Homozygous When two alleles of a pair of genes are the same for a trait
(homo: same)
Heterozygous When two alleles of a pair of. genes are different for a trait
(hetero: different)
Dominant trait Alleles of a gene that masks the expression of the alternative
allele, this trait will be appear in the heterozygous condition.
Recessive trait Allele that is overshadowed by a dominant allele and is expressed
only in the homozygous condition
Genotype The genetic makeup of an organism that represents the
information that is present in the gene alleles.
Phenotype The physical appearance of an individual. The phenotype is
determined by the genotype
Filial generation Parent (P1) reproduce to produce the offspring that results from
the genetic cross. The offspring are the first filial generation, and
this is represented by F1
Somatic cell Body cells
Gamete A reproductive cell
Autosomes Chromosomes that hold all the genetic information for the
somatic cells
(22 pairs of autosomes in human genome)
Gonosomes Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
(male: XY female: XX)
Term Definition
Genetics The study of heredity and variation of gametes
Gene A sequence of nucleotides on a chromosome that code for a
particular trait.
Genome The entire genetic makeup of an individual
Gene pool Set of all genes (alleles) in a population of a particular species
Allele Alternate form of the gene
Locus The exact location of a gene on a DNA strand
Homozygous When two alleles of a pair of genes are the same for a trait
(homo: same)
Heterozygous When two alleles of a pair of. genes are different for a trait
(hetero: different)
Dominant trait Alleles of a gene that masks the expression of the alternative
allele, this trait will be appear in the heterozygous condition.
Recessive trait Allele that is overshadowed by a dominant allele and is expressed
only in the homozygous condition
Genotype The genetic makeup of an organism that represents the
information that is present in the gene alleles.
Phenotype The physical appearance of an individual. The phenotype is
determined by the genotype
Filial generation Parent (P1) reproduce to produce the offspring that results from
the genetic cross. The offspring are the first filial generation, and
this is represented by F1
Somatic cell Body cells
Gamete A reproductive cell
Autosomes Chromosomes that hold all the genetic information for the
somatic cells
(22 pairs of autosomes in human genome)
Gonosomes Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
(male: XY female: XX)
