Soil Sci 250 Final || QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
Human population dynamics since 1950 correct answers slowed increase, more global mobility
One way humans have produced positive environmental change correct answers soil
conservation in response to dust bowl
Critical thinking skills correct answers question source of information, methods used to obtain
information
Problem solving skills correct answers scientific method; use methods, techniques, and processes
to answer questions
Why should an environmental scientist avoid environmentalism within their work? correct
answers bias
Difference between environmentalist and environmental scientist correct answers science aims
for objectivity, environmentalism knows and articulates a bias
Define the Anthropocene correct answers current unofficial geologic age where human activity is
the dominant influence on the environment
Why are ecosystem boundaries imposed by humans often different than natural boundaries?
correct answers humans often define boundaries relative to commercial, social, and economic
goals
Why are boundaries important to the definition of an ecosystem? correct answers they allow us
to quantify, study, and test
Is Earth an open or closed system relative to matter? correct answers closed system
Definition of a closed system correct answers follows conservation of mass
When are tall, large-diameter trees indicative of productive soil? correct answers when trees are
young, which indicates a high rate of growth
State variable v. rate variable correct answers quantity v. quantity/time
Is buffering capacity high or low in managing precipitation from a stormwater event? correct
answers low
What is negative feedback? correct answers A response to a change in the body that counteracts
or opposes the initial change.
, How could negative feedback within a system be wrongly interpreted as balance in nature?
correct answers could yield a perception that inputs equal outputs
How is a complicated system different from a complex system? correct answers it's
understandable and defined by its parts
Why does adaptive management work well in complex systems? correct answers it allows you to
respond to changes as they become apparent
Why is steady state a forced system? correct answers inputs and outputs have to be manipulated
by humans
What makes a good hypothesis? correct answers measurable and falsifiable
Circular reasoning (logical fallacy) correct answers argument is restated rather than proven
Generalization (logical fallacy) correct answers sweeping statement that doesn't necessarily
apply
Slippery slope (logical fallacy) correct answers claim one thing will lead to catastrophe without
evidence
Straw man (logical fallacy) correct answers distort a claim so it's easier to refute
Ad hominem (logical fallacy) correct answers attack on a person's character
False dichotomy (logical fallacy) correct answers presents two points while disregarding others
Appeal to emotion (logical fallacy) correct answers emotion used to persuade instead of evidence
Equivocation (logical fallacy) correct answers relate two things in a false way
Bandwagon appeal (logical fallacy) correct answers persuade based off of conformity
False analogy (logical fallacy) correct answers compare two things on a trivial similarity
ecological fallacy correct answers draw inferences from statistical data on a scale the study did
not test
Why is science like a bulldozer? correct answers slow but powerful
Why are assumptions important in the scientific process? correct answers help us understand
how to view results in light of context, biases, or predetermined constraints
Explain "science moves forward by disproofs" correct answers science falsifies claims through
deduction
ANSWERS!!
Human population dynamics since 1950 correct answers slowed increase, more global mobility
One way humans have produced positive environmental change correct answers soil
conservation in response to dust bowl
Critical thinking skills correct answers question source of information, methods used to obtain
information
Problem solving skills correct answers scientific method; use methods, techniques, and processes
to answer questions
Why should an environmental scientist avoid environmentalism within their work? correct
answers bias
Difference between environmentalist and environmental scientist correct answers science aims
for objectivity, environmentalism knows and articulates a bias
Define the Anthropocene correct answers current unofficial geologic age where human activity is
the dominant influence on the environment
Why are ecosystem boundaries imposed by humans often different than natural boundaries?
correct answers humans often define boundaries relative to commercial, social, and economic
goals
Why are boundaries important to the definition of an ecosystem? correct answers they allow us
to quantify, study, and test
Is Earth an open or closed system relative to matter? correct answers closed system
Definition of a closed system correct answers follows conservation of mass
When are tall, large-diameter trees indicative of productive soil? correct answers when trees are
young, which indicates a high rate of growth
State variable v. rate variable correct answers quantity v. quantity/time
Is buffering capacity high or low in managing precipitation from a stormwater event? correct
answers low
What is negative feedback? correct answers A response to a change in the body that counteracts
or opposes the initial change.
, How could negative feedback within a system be wrongly interpreted as balance in nature?
correct answers could yield a perception that inputs equal outputs
How is a complicated system different from a complex system? correct answers it's
understandable and defined by its parts
Why does adaptive management work well in complex systems? correct answers it allows you to
respond to changes as they become apparent
Why is steady state a forced system? correct answers inputs and outputs have to be manipulated
by humans
What makes a good hypothesis? correct answers measurable and falsifiable
Circular reasoning (logical fallacy) correct answers argument is restated rather than proven
Generalization (logical fallacy) correct answers sweeping statement that doesn't necessarily
apply
Slippery slope (logical fallacy) correct answers claim one thing will lead to catastrophe without
evidence
Straw man (logical fallacy) correct answers distort a claim so it's easier to refute
Ad hominem (logical fallacy) correct answers attack on a person's character
False dichotomy (logical fallacy) correct answers presents two points while disregarding others
Appeal to emotion (logical fallacy) correct answers emotion used to persuade instead of evidence
Equivocation (logical fallacy) correct answers relate two things in a false way
Bandwagon appeal (logical fallacy) correct answers persuade based off of conformity
False analogy (logical fallacy) correct answers compare two things on a trivial similarity
ecological fallacy correct answers draw inferences from statistical data on a scale the study did
not test
Why is science like a bulldozer? correct answers slow but powerful
Why are assumptions important in the scientific process? correct answers help us understand
how to view results in light of context, biases, or predetermined constraints
Explain "science moves forward by disproofs" correct answers science falsifies claims through
deduction
