PN112 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
Prevention of Medication Errors - (ANSWER)quiet environment, check labs, 6 rights, check kidney and
liver function, 2 patient identifiers, you can ONLY give meds that YOU prepared, assess vitals
When giving a patient lasix, what should be checked? - (ANSWER)check for hypokalemia
6 rights - (ANSWER)right med, right dose, right route right time, right patient, right documentation
4 parts of pharmacokinetics - (ANSWER)absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
factors that affect absorption - (ANSWER)- Food in the stomach
- Route*** ex. IV vs. oral; oral and liquid form*
- blood circulation; pH
- Pain and stress*
- Food with high fat content = slower absorption
Bioavailability - (ANSWER)The percentage of drug available for use
half-life - (ANSWER)Time it takes for half of the drug to be excreted
Ex.15 mg, half-life of 5 hours, how much is there 5 hours later? 7&1/2
drug excretion - (ANSWER)- Saliva
- Breast milk
- Sweat
- Feces
- Kidneys
- Liver in bile (some)
- Lungs
,PN112 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
pharmacodynamics - (ANSWER)The effect the drug has on the body
primary effect - (ANSWER)Desired response of the drug
secondary effects - (ANSWER)Desirable or undesirable
- Ex. Viagra
- Can be side effects
therapeutic index - (ANSWER)The range of the medication from when it is beneficial to when it is toxic
- Narrow = very easy to get to a toxic level
o Ex. Digoxin*** (0.5 - 1.0)
What happens when someone with liver disease takes drug - (ANSWER)accumulation in the body
Signs of allergic reaction to drug - (ANSWER)- Rash
- Hives
- Shortness of breath
- Tongue can swell up
- Wheezing
agonist - (ANSWER)- Stimulates the receptor
- Produces desired response
antagonist - (ANSWER)- Prevents receptor from activating itself
OR
- Blocks the response
signs of inflammation - (ANSWER)- Redness (rubor)
, PN112 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
- Swelling (tumor)
- Heat (calor)
- Pain (dolor)
- Loss of function
NSAID use - (ANSWER)Used for reduction of inflammation, anti-pyretic, anti-platelet, anti-pain
Celecoxib (Celebrex) - (ANSWER)Selective COX-2 inhibitor
If a person is prescribed aspirin to take every day, what would be its intended use? - (ANSWER)to
prevent blood clots
key sign of aspirin toxicity - (ANSWER)tinnitus
Aspirin classification - (ANSWER)Salicylate
kids under 19 - (ANSWER)What population should not take this drug when they have any type of viral
infection because it can cause Rye syndrome?
Aspirin (therapeutic level) - (ANSWER)-15-30 mg/dL
-Toxic is > 30
-Severe toxicity is > 50
Ibuprofen - (ANSWER)-Why? No GI distresses! No ringing of the ears!
-Stronger than aspirin (a little bit more pain relief)
-Overall GOOD to take = limited side effects
Celecoxib (Celebrex) - (ANSWER)-COX-2 inhibitor
-Better for the stomach
Prevention of Medication Errors - (ANSWER)quiet environment, check labs, 6 rights, check kidney and
liver function, 2 patient identifiers, you can ONLY give meds that YOU prepared, assess vitals
When giving a patient lasix, what should be checked? - (ANSWER)check for hypokalemia
6 rights - (ANSWER)right med, right dose, right route right time, right patient, right documentation
4 parts of pharmacokinetics - (ANSWER)absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
factors that affect absorption - (ANSWER)- Food in the stomach
- Route*** ex. IV vs. oral; oral and liquid form*
- blood circulation; pH
- Pain and stress*
- Food with high fat content = slower absorption
Bioavailability - (ANSWER)The percentage of drug available for use
half-life - (ANSWER)Time it takes for half of the drug to be excreted
Ex.15 mg, half-life of 5 hours, how much is there 5 hours later? 7&1/2
drug excretion - (ANSWER)- Saliva
- Breast milk
- Sweat
- Feces
- Kidneys
- Liver in bile (some)
- Lungs
,PN112 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
pharmacodynamics - (ANSWER)The effect the drug has on the body
primary effect - (ANSWER)Desired response of the drug
secondary effects - (ANSWER)Desirable or undesirable
- Ex. Viagra
- Can be side effects
therapeutic index - (ANSWER)The range of the medication from when it is beneficial to when it is toxic
- Narrow = very easy to get to a toxic level
o Ex. Digoxin*** (0.5 - 1.0)
What happens when someone with liver disease takes drug - (ANSWER)accumulation in the body
Signs of allergic reaction to drug - (ANSWER)- Rash
- Hives
- Shortness of breath
- Tongue can swell up
- Wheezing
agonist - (ANSWER)- Stimulates the receptor
- Produces desired response
antagonist - (ANSWER)- Prevents receptor from activating itself
OR
- Blocks the response
signs of inflammation - (ANSWER)- Redness (rubor)
, PN112 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
- Swelling (tumor)
- Heat (calor)
- Pain (dolor)
- Loss of function
NSAID use - (ANSWER)Used for reduction of inflammation, anti-pyretic, anti-platelet, anti-pain
Celecoxib (Celebrex) - (ANSWER)Selective COX-2 inhibitor
If a person is prescribed aspirin to take every day, what would be its intended use? - (ANSWER)to
prevent blood clots
key sign of aspirin toxicity - (ANSWER)tinnitus
Aspirin classification - (ANSWER)Salicylate
kids under 19 - (ANSWER)What population should not take this drug when they have any type of viral
infection because it can cause Rye syndrome?
Aspirin (therapeutic level) - (ANSWER)-15-30 mg/dL
-Toxic is > 30
-Severe toxicity is > 50
Ibuprofen - (ANSWER)-Why? No GI distresses! No ringing of the ears!
-Stronger than aspirin (a little bit more pain relief)
-Overall GOOD to take = limited side effects
Celecoxib (Celebrex) - (ANSWER)-COX-2 inhibitor
-Better for the stomach
