Edexcel A Level Geography -
Globalisation
Globalisation - ANSWER Increasing inter-connectiveness of the world economically, culturally
and politically
TNC - ANSWER Trans-national corporation
MNC - ANSWER Multi-national corporation
FDI - ANSWER Foreign direct investment
Economic Causes for Accelerated Globalisation (4) - ANSWER - Increase in number and
influence of TNCs
- Online purchasing
- Countries invest into each other through FDI
- Trading stocks and exchange of currencies
Political Causes for Accelerated Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - Trading blocs have become
more influential
- IGOs work to harmonise economies
- Political views and ideologies are published in worldwide media outlets
, Migration as a cause for Accelerated Globalisation (2) - ANSWER - Spread of culture due to
families living all over the globe
- International tourism has increased due to lower transport costs
Cultural Causes for Accelerated Globalisation (1) - ANSWER Americanisation and
Westernisation spreading to other parts of the world
Technological Causes for Accelerated Globalisation (2) - ANSWER - Internet has allowed for
rapid spread of information and knowledge
- Social media allows spread of culture, ideology and opportunities for migration and tourism
Flow of Commodities as a Cause for Accelerated Globalisation (2) - ANSWER - Goods can
easily be imported. Increases interdependence on countries
- Amount of manufactured goods increased due to low cost labour in SE Asia
Economic Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - TNCs use outsourcing and offshoring to lower costs
- Industries moving to developing countries to lower costs
- Trading blocs create economic integration
Political Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - Governments form trade connections through trade
deals and trading blocs
- Deregulations allow markets to grow
- Western democracies have influence on political ideologies worldwide
Cultural Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - Tourism allows experiencing of different cultures
- Media sources allows understanding of different cultures
- Westernisation (domination of western cultural traits in non-western areas)
, Social Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - International immigration is causing multicultural
societies
- Social networks have allowed for instant communication between people across the globe
- NGOs and Charities involved in global improvements of education and health
Lengthening of Connections - ANSWER People can now travel further afield and goods are
brought in from further away
Deepening of Connections - ANSWER Where connections are penetrating more in depth
into most aspects of life
Faster speed of connections - ANSWER People can now talk in real time from different parts
of the world and you can travel much faster than previously between different countries
Increasing globalisation throughout history - ANSWER 1712 = steam engine
1866 = telegram cable
1876 = telephone
1985 = mobile phone
Containerisation - ANSWER Movement of goods using ships/transport using standard
containers
Costs fallen 100% since 1950s
Mass Air Transport - ANSWER 1970 = jumbo jet (524people)
Open Skies Agreement resulted in increased competition and lower prices
Air freight increased 15% since 1970
Globalisation
Globalisation - ANSWER Increasing inter-connectiveness of the world economically, culturally
and politically
TNC - ANSWER Trans-national corporation
MNC - ANSWER Multi-national corporation
FDI - ANSWER Foreign direct investment
Economic Causes for Accelerated Globalisation (4) - ANSWER - Increase in number and
influence of TNCs
- Online purchasing
- Countries invest into each other through FDI
- Trading stocks and exchange of currencies
Political Causes for Accelerated Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - Trading blocs have become
more influential
- IGOs work to harmonise economies
- Political views and ideologies are published in worldwide media outlets
, Migration as a cause for Accelerated Globalisation (2) - ANSWER - Spread of culture due to
families living all over the globe
- International tourism has increased due to lower transport costs
Cultural Causes for Accelerated Globalisation (1) - ANSWER Americanisation and
Westernisation spreading to other parts of the world
Technological Causes for Accelerated Globalisation (2) - ANSWER - Internet has allowed for
rapid spread of information and knowledge
- Social media allows spread of culture, ideology and opportunities for migration and tourism
Flow of Commodities as a Cause for Accelerated Globalisation (2) - ANSWER - Goods can
easily be imported. Increases interdependence on countries
- Amount of manufactured goods increased due to low cost labour in SE Asia
Economic Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - TNCs use outsourcing and offshoring to lower costs
- Industries moving to developing countries to lower costs
- Trading blocs create economic integration
Political Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - Governments form trade connections through trade
deals and trading blocs
- Deregulations allow markets to grow
- Western democracies have influence on political ideologies worldwide
Cultural Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - Tourism allows experiencing of different cultures
- Media sources allows understanding of different cultures
- Westernisation (domination of western cultural traits in non-western areas)
, Social Globalisation (3) - ANSWER - International immigration is causing multicultural
societies
- Social networks have allowed for instant communication between people across the globe
- NGOs and Charities involved in global improvements of education and health
Lengthening of Connections - ANSWER People can now travel further afield and goods are
brought in from further away
Deepening of Connections - ANSWER Where connections are penetrating more in depth
into most aspects of life
Faster speed of connections - ANSWER People can now talk in real time from different parts
of the world and you can travel much faster than previously between different countries
Increasing globalisation throughout history - ANSWER 1712 = steam engine
1866 = telegram cable
1876 = telephone
1985 = mobile phone
Containerisation - ANSWER Movement of goods using ships/transport using standard
containers
Costs fallen 100% since 1950s
Mass Air Transport - ANSWER 1970 = jumbo jet (524people)
Open Skies Agreement resulted in increased competition and lower prices
Air freight increased 15% since 1970
