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NFPA 10
Requires portable fire extinguishers be inspected at least once each year
to ensure that they are accessible and operable.
Stored-Pressure Water Extinguishers
Air-Pressurized Water (APW) Extinguishers; Useful for all types of small
Class A fires. Water is stored in a tank with either compressed air or
nitrogen. A gauge located on the side of the valve assembly shows when
the extinguisher is
properly pressurized. When the operating valve is activated, the stored
pressure forces water up the siphon tube and out the hose.
Wet Chemical Stored-Pressure Extinguishers
Intended for use on Class K fires.
,Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) Extinguishers
Floats on the surface of fuels lighter than water. Should not be applied
directly onto the fuel to prevent disturbance of the foam; it should be
allowed to either gently rain down onto the fuel surface or deflect off a
nearby object or surface.
CO2 Extinguishers
Most effective in extinguishing Class B and C fires. Discharge is in the
form of a gas, they have limited reach and the gas can be dispersed by
wind.
Dry Chemical Agents
Are nontoxic and generally considered quite safe to use. However, the
cloud of chemicals may reduce visibility and create respiratory problems.
Dry Powder Extinguishers
Some can be applied with portable extinguishers, but others must be
applied with either a shovel or a scoop.
Class B Numerical Rating
Based on the approximate square foot area of a flammable liquid fire
that a nonexpert operator can extinguish using 1 full extinguisher.
Ratings range from 1- B to 640-B
,Class D Rating Factors
Reactions between the metal and the agent. Toxicity of the agent. Toxicity
of the fumes produced and the products of combustion. Time to allow
metal to burn
completely compared to the time to extinguish the fire using the
extinguisher.
Class Specific Ratings
Are independent and do not affect each other. (p. 353)
Selecting the Proper Fire Extinguisher
Should be done properly to minimize the risk to life and property and the
extinguisher should be effective in extinguishing the fire.
Should be Selected First
The appropriate size and type of extinguisher.
Should be Done After Selecting Size and Type
Make a quick visual inspection of the fire extinguisher.
Elements to Look For When Inspecting A Portable Fire Extinguisher
External Condition - No apparent Damage, Hose/nozzle - in place,
Weight - Feels as though it contains agent, Pressure Gauge (If
equipped) - In operable range.
, The PASS Method
Used to attack the fire with a portable fire extinguisher; Pull the pin,
Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handles together,
Sweep the nozzle back and forth to cover the burning material.
When Using A Portable Extinguisher
Apply the agent from a point where it reaches but does not disturb the
fuel surface.
Laying the Empty Fire Extinguisher on its Side
Signals to others that it is empty and reduces the chance of someone
taking one and approaching a fire with an empty extinguisher.
10%
An extinguisher cannot be deficient in this amount or more of its weight
without being removed from service and replaced.
Safety Pin
Do not remove until you are ready to use the extinguisher.
Maintenance
Portable extinguishers should be removed from service for annual
maintenance.