EECS 1520 TEST 1 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Computing systems - ANS dynamic entities used to solve problems and interact with their
environment
computing systems consist of (3) - ANS hardware, software, and data
layers of computing system - ANS information - hardware - programming - operating system -
application - communication
abstraction - ANS mental model which removes complex details making things easier to deal
with (driving a car)
abacus - ANS early device record numeric values
Pascal - ANS created mechanical device to add and subtract
Leibniz - ANS created mechanical device capable of performing all four whole number
operations (+,-,/,*)
Jacquard - ANS Jacquards Loom - punched card - used for weaving clothes, loom used series
of cards with holes punched in them to specify use of specific colours in thread -> not a
computing device but first form of input via punched card
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Babbage - ANS analytical engine - first machine to include a memory so intermediate
numbers do not have to be re-entred - also used punched cards
difference engine
Ada Lovelace - ANS Babbage's assistant - first programmer in the world - invented concept of
the loop
Burroughs - ANS produced and sold mechanical adding device
Hollerith - ANS first electro-magnetic Tabulator (used for census) -> tabulation by means of
punched card -> later founded IBM
Alan Turing - ANS Turing machine - abstract mathematical model - artificial intelligence
testing
ENIAC - ANS Electronic Numerical Integrator and calculator
EDVAC - ANS Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer - first machine with a stored
program
UNIVAC - ANS UNIVersal Automatic Computer
First generation hardware - ANS vacuum tubes, magnetic drums, and magnetic tape drives
vacuum tubes - ANS first generation. commercial computers used vacuum tubes to store
information - large, unreliable, created lots of heat
magnetic drums - ANS first generation. primary memory device - rotates under a read/write
head
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Computing systems - ANS dynamic entities used to solve problems and interact with their
environment
computing systems consist of (3) - ANS hardware, software, and data
layers of computing system - ANS information - hardware - programming - operating system -
application - communication
abstraction - ANS mental model which removes complex details making things easier to deal
with (driving a car)
abacus - ANS early device record numeric values
Pascal - ANS created mechanical device to add and subtract
Leibniz - ANS created mechanical device capable of performing all four whole number
operations (+,-,/,*)
Jacquard - ANS Jacquards Loom - punched card - used for weaving clothes, loom used series
of cards with holes punched in them to specify use of specific colours in thread -> not a
computing device but first form of input via punched card
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Babbage - ANS analytical engine - first machine to include a memory so intermediate
numbers do not have to be re-entred - also used punched cards
difference engine
Ada Lovelace - ANS Babbage's assistant - first programmer in the world - invented concept of
the loop
Burroughs - ANS produced and sold mechanical adding device
Hollerith - ANS first electro-magnetic Tabulator (used for census) -> tabulation by means of
punched card -> later founded IBM
Alan Turing - ANS Turing machine - abstract mathematical model - artificial intelligence
testing
ENIAC - ANS Electronic Numerical Integrator and calculator
EDVAC - ANS Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer - first machine with a stored
program
UNIVAC - ANS UNIVersal Automatic Computer
First generation hardware - ANS vacuum tubes, magnetic drums, and magnetic tape drives
vacuum tubes - ANS first generation. commercial computers used vacuum tubes to store
information - large, unreliable, created lots of heat
magnetic drums - ANS first generation. primary memory device - rotates under a read/write
head
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
