SCI 225 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive
inheritance. Which is the most likely diagnosis for this patient? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cystic
Fibrosis
Adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅protect the cells from injury
The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressve dementia in
middle to later adulthood. To which disease is the nurse most likely referring to? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Huntington Disease
The triplet of base pairs necessary to code for a specific amino acid is called a? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Codon
The outward manifestation of a disease, often influenced by both genes and the environment, is called
the disease? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Phenotype
The condition that occurs when a zygot is missing in each cell is referred to as? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅monosomy
The process by which RNA is formed from DNA for protein synthesis is? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Transcription
The somatic cell that contians a multiple of 23 chromosomes is called? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅euploid cell
Which is the chief function of ribosomes? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅protein synthesis
A disease results in the accumulation of lipids in the nerve cells of the brain is? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Tay-Sachs Disease
, Cellular Atrophy: (NC) ** - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a decrease in cell size
The process by which cells program themselves to die? (NC) ** - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Apoptosis
Which causes metaplasia in humans? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cell injury from noxious stimuli
The postmortem decrease in a patient's body temperature will be documented as? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Algor Mortis
Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal changes in? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cell secretions
Clastogens are agents that cause? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Chromosomal breakage
Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol (ethanol) injury? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Liver
The nurse documents "tattoing and stippling" in a trauma patient. Which type of injury does this patient
have? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Gunshot wounds
When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse
document on the chart? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅An Avulsion
A patient with a combined immune deficieny lacks: (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅T and B lympocytes
When assessing a patient with SLE, you should expect to identify? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Arthralgia, anemia, and rash
Your patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which type of hypersensitivity are they displaying? (NC) -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Type 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive
inheritance. Which is the most likely diagnosis for this patient? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cystic
Fibrosis
Adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅protect the cells from injury
The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressve dementia in
middle to later adulthood. To which disease is the nurse most likely referring to? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Huntington Disease
The triplet of base pairs necessary to code for a specific amino acid is called a? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Codon
The outward manifestation of a disease, often influenced by both genes and the environment, is called
the disease? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Phenotype
The condition that occurs when a zygot is missing in each cell is referred to as? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅monosomy
The process by which RNA is formed from DNA for protein synthesis is? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Transcription
The somatic cell that contians a multiple of 23 chromosomes is called? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅euploid cell
Which is the chief function of ribosomes? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅protein synthesis
A disease results in the accumulation of lipids in the nerve cells of the brain is? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Tay-Sachs Disease
, Cellular Atrophy: (NC) ** - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a decrease in cell size
The process by which cells program themselves to die? (NC) ** - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Apoptosis
Which causes metaplasia in humans? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cell injury from noxious stimuli
The postmortem decrease in a patient's body temperature will be documented as? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Algor Mortis
Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal changes in? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cell secretions
Clastogens are agents that cause? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Chromosomal breakage
Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol (ethanol) injury? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Liver
The nurse documents "tattoing and stippling" in a trauma patient. Which type of injury does this patient
have? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Gunshot wounds
When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse
document on the chart? (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅An Avulsion
A patient with a combined immune deficieny lacks: (NC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅T and B lympocytes
When assessing a patient with SLE, you should expect to identify? (NC) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Arthralgia, anemia, and rash
Your patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which type of hypersensitivity are they displaying? (NC) -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Type 1
