ABFM ITE LATEST 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Caseating granulomas are indicative of ________. - ✔✔tuberculosis.
✔✔Once hemolysis is excluded, the most common cause of unconjugated
hyperbilirubinemia is ______. - ✔✔Gilbert syndrome, which stems from a genetic defect
that affects how the liver processes bilirubin, another cause of unconjugated
hyperbilirubinemia.
- Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia can be defined as an elevated indirect bilirubin level.
- Alcoholic liver disease, biliary tract disease, fatty liver disease, and Wilson disease do
not lead to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
✔✔Female c/o vague fullness in her neck x 1 month. A/w fatigue, constipation, cold
intolerance, puffy face. Exam: thyroid is diffusely enlarged, nontender, feels pebbly on
palpation. Most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔Chronic autoimmune (Hashimoto) thyroiditis.
- Neck fullness and nontender goiter that feels like pebbles on examination is classically
reported in Hashimoto.
- Lymphadenitis tends to rapidly enlarge the lymph nodes causing pain and is typically
infection.
- Graves disease hyperthyroidism typically presents orbitopathy (eye bulging).
✔✔12yo F positive rapid ag test for Streptococcal pharyngitis, was treated with
Antibiotics 12 days ago with improvement, but reports similar symptoms again.
Nonexudative pharyngitis on exam, repeat strep test still positive. Should patient be
retreated? - ✔✔No further antibiotic therapy.
- Most treatment failures for group A Streptococcus (GAS) represent a GAS carrier
state. This patient had clinical improvement followed by a second illness with typical
features of a viral infection.
- Oral azithromycin, oral ciprofloxacin, intramuscular benzathine penicillin, and
intramuscular ceftriaxone are not appropriate for the treatment of viral infections in a
patient who is a pharyngeal GAS carrier.
✔✔American Academy of Pediatrics recommends obtaining a blood pressure reading at
well child checks beginning at what age? - ✔✔3 years.
- This recommendation does not differ for children who have a strong family history of
hypertension.
, ✔✔Triptan is Contraindicated in patient with what condition? - ✔✔coronary artery
disease (eg. Coronary artery stent placement), cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral
vascular disease; uncontrolled or multiple cardiovascular risk factors; certain high-risk
migraine syndromes, including basilar and hemiplegic migraines.
✔✔27yo M, with thalassemia and osteoporosis. In addition to bisphosphonates,
calcium, and vitamin D, which medications may improve bone density? - ✔✔Zinc
supplementation is recommended to improve bone density in patients with thalassemia
and osteoporosis (SOR C).
- Hydroxyurea helps minimize the frequency of blood transfusions, it does not improve
bone density. Vitamin C does not improve bone health in Thalassemia and
osteoporosis.
✔✔What med is an indicated therapy to minimize the frequency of blood transfusions
needed in transfusion-dependent thalassemia? - ✔✔Hydroxyurea.
- but it does not improve bone density.
✔✔What med is indicated when ferritin levels >1000 ng/mL in patients with transfusion-
dependent thalassemia to reduce iron overload (SOR C). - ✔✔Deferoxamine infusions.
- Luspatercept reduced transfusion burden by 33% in a phase 3 RCT
✔✔In patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia, Deferoxamine infusion is
indicated when ferritin levels are greater than? - ✔✔>1000 ng/mL to reduce iron
overload (SOR C).
✔✔If Light therapy doesn't help seasonal affective disorder, what is the 2nd line
treatment? - ✔✔SSRIs - to treat
Bupropion- to prevent SAD
- First-line therapy for SAD is light therapy (SOR A), with a response rate of about 50%;
CBT (SOR A); and antidepressants such as SSRIs (SOR B).
✔✔What mood d/o causes depressive symptoms occurring at a specific time of year
with full remission in between episodes, which usually occur during fall and winter
months. - ✔✔Seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
- Criteria specify that full remission must occur when the specific season ends and there
must be at least two consecutive years of mood episodes.
- Risk factors include family history, living at a more northern latitude, female sex, and
age 18-30.
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Caseating granulomas are indicative of ________. - ✔✔tuberculosis.
✔✔Once hemolysis is excluded, the most common cause of unconjugated
hyperbilirubinemia is ______. - ✔✔Gilbert syndrome, which stems from a genetic defect
that affects how the liver processes bilirubin, another cause of unconjugated
hyperbilirubinemia.
- Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia can be defined as an elevated indirect bilirubin level.
- Alcoholic liver disease, biliary tract disease, fatty liver disease, and Wilson disease do
not lead to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
✔✔Female c/o vague fullness in her neck x 1 month. A/w fatigue, constipation, cold
intolerance, puffy face. Exam: thyroid is diffusely enlarged, nontender, feels pebbly on
palpation. Most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔Chronic autoimmune (Hashimoto) thyroiditis.
- Neck fullness and nontender goiter that feels like pebbles on examination is classically
reported in Hashimoto.
- Lymphadenitis tends to rapidly enlarge the lymph nodes causing pain and is typically
infection.
- Graves disease hyperthyroidism typically presents orbitopathy (eye bulging).
✔✔12yo F positive rapid ag test for Streptococcal pharyngitis, was treated with
Antibiotics 12 days ago with improvement, but reports similar symptoms again.
Nonexudative pharyngitis on exam, repeat strep test still positive. Should patient be
retreated? - ✔✔No further antibiotic therapy.
- Most treatment failures for group A Streptococcus (GAS) represent a GAS carrier
state. This patient had clinical improvement followed by a second illness with typical
features of a viral infection.
- Oral azithromycin, oral ciprofloxacin, intramuscular benzathine penicillin, and
intramuscular ceftriaxone are not appropriate for the treatment of viral infections in a
patient who is a pharyngeal GAS carrier.
✔✔American Academy of Pediatrics recommends obtaining a blood pressure reading at
well child checks beginning at what age? - ✔✔3 years.
- This recommendation does not differ for children who have a strong family history of
hypertension.
, ✔✔Triptan is Contraindicated in patient with what condition? - ✔✔coronary artery
disease (eg. Coronary artery stent placement), cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral
vascular disease; uncontrolled or multiple cardiovascular risk factors; certain high-risk
migraine syndromes, including basilar and hemiplegic migraines.
✔✔27yo M, with thalassemia and osteoporosis. In addition to bisphosphonates,
calcium, and vitamin D, which medications may improve bone density? - ✔✔Zinc
supplementation is recommended to improve bone density in patients with thalassemia
and osteoporosis (SOR C).
- Hydroxyurea helps minimize the frequency of blood transfusions, it does not improve
bone density. Vitamin C does not improve bone health in Thalassemia and
osteoporosis.
✔✔What med is an indicated therapy to minimize the frequency of blood transfusions
needed in transfusion-dependent thalassemia? - ✔✔Hydroxyurea.
- but it does not improve bone density.
✔✔What med is indicated when ferritin levels >1000 ng/mL in patients with transfusion-
dependent thalassemia to reduce iron overload (SOR C). - ✔✔Deferoxamine infusions.
- Luspatercept reduced transfusion burden by 33% in a phase 3 RCT
✔✔In patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia, Deferoxamine infusion is
indicated when ferritin levels are greater than? - ✔✔>1000 ng/mL to reduce iron
overload (SOR C).
✔✔If Light therapy doesn't help seasonal affective disorder, what is the 2nd line
treatment? - ✔✔SSRIs - to treat
Bupropion- to prevent SAD
- First-line therapy for SAD is light therapy (SOR A), with a response rate of about 50%;
CBT (SOR A); and antidepressants such as SSRIs (SOR B).
✔✔What mood d/o causes depressive symptoms occurring at a specific time of year
with full remission in between episodes, which usually occur during fall and winter
months. - ✔✔Seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
- Criteria specify that full remission must occur when the specific season ends and there
must be at least two consecutive years of mood episodes.
- Risk factors include family history, living at a more northern latitude, female sex, and
age 18-30.
