PSYC 304 FINAL RESEARCH METHODS FINAL
PAPER 2026 EXAM
◉ ordinal scale. Answer: - a scale of measurement in which the
measurement categories form a rank order along a continuum
- One that ranks or events in order of their magnitude
◉ Interval Scales. Answer: - measure in which the differences
between numbers are meaningful; includes both nominal and
ordinal information
◉ ratio scale. Answer: measurement that has a natural, or absolute
zero and therefore allows the comparison of absolute magnitudes of
the numbers
◉ permissible transformations. Answer: - ways that we can alter the
assignment of numbers to individual events without distorting the
scale
◉ parametric statistics. Answer: - those that make assumptions
about the population from which the data are drawn—namely, that
the data are normally distributed and each group has the same
variance
, - include the usual Pearson correlation coefficient, the t test, and
analysis of variance
◉ nonparametric statistics. Answer: various tests that are based on
rank order of the data or on the sign of the differences between
subjects
relatively infrequently used b/c they lack power compared with the
corresponding parametric test
◉ Reliability. Answer: - The property of consistency of a
measurement that gives the same result on different occasions
◉ Validity. Answer: the extent to which a test measures or predicts
what it is supposed to
◉ construct validity. Answer: a test that the measurements actually
measure the constructs they are designed to measure, but no others
◉ face validity. Answer: idea that a test should appear superficially
to test what it is supposed to test
◉ content validity. Answer: - notion that a test should sample the
range of the behaviour that is represented by theoretical concept
being measured
PAPER 2026 EXAM
◉ ordinal scale. Answer: - a scale of measurement in which the
measurement categories form a rank order along a continuum
- One that ranks or events in order of their magnitude
◉ Interval Scales. Answer: - measure in which the differences
between numbers are meaningful; includes both nominal and
ordinal information
◉ ratio scale. Answer: measurement that has a natural, or absolute
zero and therefore allows the comparison of absolute magnitudes of
the numbers
◉ permissible transformations. Answer: - ways that we can alter the
assignment of numbers to individual events without distorting the
scale
◉ parametric statistics. Answer: - those that make assumptions
about the population from which the data are drawn—namely, that
the data are normally distributed and each group has the same
variance
, - include the usual Pearson correlation coefficient, the t test, and
analysis of variance
◉ nonparametric statistics. Answer: various tests that are based on
rank order of the data or on the sign of the differences between
subjects
relatively infrequently used b/c they lack power compared with the
corresponding parametric test
◉ Reliability. Answer: - The property of consistency of a
measurement that gives the same result on different occasions
◉ Validity. Answer: the extent to which a test measures or predicts
what it is supposed to
◉ construct validity. Answer: a test that the measurements actually
measure the constructs they are designed to measure, but no others
◉ face validity. Answer: idea that a test should appear superficially
to test what it is supposed to test
◉ content validity. Answer: - notion that a test should sample the
range of the behaviour that is represented by theoretical concept
being measured
