NUR 138 LATEST 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Nursing Process: OCD - ✔✔Assessment- conduct full mental health history, and
assessment of ADL's, physically assess for signs of physical manifesations like cracked
hands.
Diagnosis- Anxiety, fear, ineffective coping, stress overload, disturbed sleep patterns,
fatigue, impaired social interaction, self care deficit
Planning- identify triggers, experience reduced anxiety without preforming compulsive
behaviors, use of positive coping skills, decrease time preforming compulsions, will
participate appropiratly in social situations.
Implementation-Creating a supportive and nonjudgemental demeanor, do not interrupt a
ritual, accomidate to rituals, administer medication, talk in a supportive manner
Evaluation- pt will verbalize a reduction in anxiety associated with compulsions,
demonstrate effective coping, effectivly preform ADLs, verbalize increased social
interaction
✔✔Crisis - ✔✔A crisis occurs when an event or circumstance overwhelms an individual
inherent ability to resolve, manage, or process the event. It is a state of emotional
disequalibrium. The most important intervention is asking "what do you need from me
right now". Crisis states do not last longer than 4-6 weeks. All crisis provide an
opportunity to grow or deteriate.
✔✔Types of crisis - ✔✔situational- unexpected stress that occurs in the course of daily
living. For example, natural disaster, critial illness, or death of a loved one.
maturational- occurs normally as an individual progresses through the life cycle.
✔✔Risk factors for crisis - ✔✔Intensity of stress and degree of threat, pre-exisiting
psychiatric symptom, previous history of trauma and child abuse, early separation from
parents, cultural expectations.
✔✔Manifestions of crisis - ✔✔Difficulty problem solving, disorganized thought process,
disorientation, increased tension, fearfulness, intense emotional reaction, increased
sensory input, hypervigilance, intense physical reaction depicted in the fight or flight
response, sleep problems, muscle tension, skin rash, GI symptoms
✔✔Collaboration: Crisis - ✔✔Diagnostic tests: IES
Pharm: address the medical needs for pain following injury, threat of infection, sleep
disturbances, and anxiety or depression
Nonpharm: establish a theraputic relationship, ensure safety, offer support. ABC's of
crisis counseling. (Achieve rapport, Boil down the problem, Cope with the problem)
, ✔✔Nursing process: crisis - ✔✔Assessment: assess and identify safety issue like
access to food, water, and shelter, and risk for harm towards self or others. Assess
basic needs, anxiety level, psycosis, family history, lethality, coping skills, situaltional
support, and percepitation of the event
Diagnosis: risk for self harm, risk for injury, anxiety, fear, ineffective coping, social
isolation, Post trauma symdrome
Planning: remain free of injury, identify resources and support, report reduction in
anxiety, participates in counciling, shows no sign of confusion, understands coping skills
Implementation: establish theraputic relationship, identify risk factors for harm, decrease
anxiety by identifying positive coping skills, promote self care, decrease acute
confusion, get them resources
Evaluation: remove risk factors for injury, reports using community resources, feeling
less anxious, maintains proper hygiene and nutrition, displays positive coping skills,
oriented time 4.
✔✔Personality - ✔✔Enduring characteristics patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaviors
that make an individual unique.
Personality traits: elements that comprise a persons personality
Personality disorder: rigid, stereotyped behavior patterns that deviate from norm. This
causes difficulty adapting to social demands and change. PDs are independent of
mental disorders and substance abuse.
✔✔Personality disorder patho and etiology - ✔✔Patho- manifest themselves during
adolescence and continue through the life span. They exhibit behaviors that include
manipulation, narcissim, and impulsiveness. They have a lack of insight and fail to
accept the consequences for their actions.
Etiology- Lack of diagnostic uniformity makes it difficult for researchers to understand
the cause. There are theorys that say PDs are linked to genetics. Early trauma like
sexual, physical, or emotional abuse have been associated with the onset. Many people
with dysfunctional families report PDs.
Risk factors-genetics, relatives diagnosed with mental illness, unstable home, abuse,
coexisting diagnosis of mental illness
Prevention- can be prevented if developing patterns of behavior, feelings, and thoughts
are identifies early before they become set. There are several programs that adress
agressive and antisocial behavior. Positive role models can help children avoid PDs
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Nursing Process: OCD - ✔✔Assessment- conduct full mental health history, and
assessment of ADL's, physically assess for signs of physical manifesations like cracked
hands.
Diagnosis- Anxiety, fear, ineffective coping, stress overload, disturbed sleep patterns,
fatigue, impaired social interaction, self care deficit
Planning- identify triggers, experience reduced anxiety without preforming compulsive
behaviors, use of positive coping skills, decrease time preforming compulsions, will
participate appropiratly in social situations.
Implementation-Creating a supportive and nonjudgemental demeanor, do not interrupt a
ritual, accomidate to rituals, administer medication, talk in a supportive manner
Evaluation- pt will verbalize a reduction in anxiety associated with compulsions,
demonstrate effective coping, effectivly preform ADLs, verbalize increased social
interaction
✔✔Crisis - ✔✔A crisis occurs when an event or circumstance overwhelms an individual
inherent ability to resolve, manage, or process the event. It is a state of emotional
disequalibrium. The most important intervention is asking "what do you need from me
right now". Crisis states do not last longer than 4-6 weeks. All crisis provide an
opportunity to grow or deteriate.
✔✔Types of crisis - ✔✔situational- unexpected stress that occurs in the course of daily
living. For example, natural disaster, critial illness, or death of a loved one.
maturational- occurs normally as an individual progresses through the life cycle.
✔✔Risk factors for crisis - ✔✔Intensity of stress and degree of threat, pre-exisiting
psychiatric symptom, previous history of trauma and child abuse, early separation from
parents, cultural expectations.
✔✔Manifestions of crisis - ✔✔Difficulty problem solving, disorganized thought process,
disorientation, increased tension, fearfulness, intense emotional reaction, increased
sensory input, hypervigilance, intense physical reaction depicted in the fight or flight
response, sleep problems, muscle tension, skin rash, GI symptoms
✔✔Collaboration: Crisis - ✔✔Diagnostic tests: IES
Pharm: address the medical needs for pain following injury, threat of infection, sleep
disturbances, and anxiety or depression
Nonpharm: establish a theraputic relationship, ensure safety, offer support. ABC's of
crisis counseling. (Achieve rapport, Boil down the problem, Cope with the problem)
, ✔✔Nursing process: crisis - ✔✔Assessment: assess and identify safety issue like
access to food, water, and shelter, and risk for harm towards self or others. Assess
basic needs, anxiety level, psycosis, family history, lethality, coping skills, situaltional
support, and percepitation of the event
Diagnosis: risk for self harm, risk for injury, anxiety, fear, ineffective coping, social
isolation, Post trauma symdrome
Planning: remain free of injury, identify resources and support, report reduction in
anxiety, participates in counciling, shows no sign of confusion, understands coping skills
Implementation: establish theraputic relationship, identify risk factors for harm, decrease
anxiety by identifying positive coping skills, promote self care, decrease acute
confusion, get them resources
Evaluation: remove risk factors for injury, reports using community resources, feeling
less anxious, maintains proper hygiene and nutrition, displays positive coping skills,
oriented time 4.
✔✔Personality - ✔✔Enduring characteristics patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaviors
that make an individual unique.
Personality traits: elements that comprise a persons personality
Personality disorder: rigid, stereotyped behavior patterns that deviate from norm. This
causes difficulty adapting to social demands and change. PDs are independent of
mental disorders and substance abuse.
✔✔Personality disorder patho and etiology - ✔✔Patho- manifest themselves during
adolescence and continue through the life span. They exhibit behaviors that include
manipulation, narcissim, and impulsiveness. They have a lack of insight and fail to
accept the consequences for their actions.
Etiology- Lack of diagnostic uniformity makes it difficult for researchers to understand
the cause. There are theorys that say PDs are linked to genetics. Early trauma like
sexual, physical, or emotional abuse have been associated with the onset. Many people
with dysfunctional families report PDs.
Risk factors-genetics, relatives diagnosed with mental illness, unstable home, abuse,
coexisting diagnosis of mental illness
Prevention- can be prevented if developing patterns of behavior, feelings, and thoughts
are identifies early before they become set. There are several programs that adress
agressive and antisocial behavior. Positive role models can help children avoid PDs
