OPHTHALMOLOGY COA EXAM TERMS 2026 ALREADY
PASSED!!
abduction Answer - the movement of the eye outward toward the temple.
aberrometry Answer - The measurement of optical aberrations of the visual
system using a device called a wavefront ananlyzer or an aberrometer
abrasion Answer - a scratch
abscess Answer - a localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue.
absolute scotoma Answer - a severe visual field defect in which the largest and
brightest stimulus cannot be seen; blindness at that specific location
accommodation Answer - The change in the curvature of the crystalline lens
that helps to focus images of objects close to the eye
acidic burns Answer - a chemical injury to tissue, caused by an agent of low pH
acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome AIDS Answer - An infection with human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes a compromised immune system
,acute Answer - Refers to a condition that flares up suddenly and persists for
only a short time.
add Answer - The portion of the multifocal lens (usually the lower part) that
provides correction for near vision. also called segment or near add
adduction Answer - The movement of the eye inward toward the nose
adenovirus Answer - A family of viruses involved primarily in respiratory
infections; can cause hightly contagious forms of conjunctivitis
adnexa Answer - The tissues and structures surrounding the eye; includes the
orbit, extraocular muscles, eyelids, and lacrimal apparatus
afferent pupillary defect APD Answer - A pupil with normal iris function that
fails to constrict normally with direct light stimulation, but reacts strongly
consensually, or when the fellow eye is stimulated. Usually secondary to optic
nerve disease.
"against motion" Answer - The retinoscopic reflex movement that is in the
opposite direction from the movement of the streak of light from the
retinoscope; typical of the myopic eye
age-related macular degeneration ARMD Answer - A disease in which sensory
cells of the macula degenerate, resulting in a loss of central vision; usually
affects older people
alkali burn Answer - A chemical injury to tissue, cased by an agent of high pH
,allergic reaction Answer - A condition in which the body produces antibodies to
foreign materials such as food, plant pollens, or medications
alternate cover test Answer - A test performed by placing an occluder over one
eye and then moving it slowly over to the other eye to detect a tendency for
the eyes to deviate while under the occluder (such an ocular misalignment is
know as a phoria) Also called cross-cover test
altitudinal scotoma Answer - The joining and enlargement of a nasal step visual
field defect and an arcuate scotoma to cause loss of the entire upper or lower
visual field
amblyopia Answer - Decreased vision present without apparent abnormalities
in the ocular anatomy and uncorrectable by spectacles or contact lenses;
results from visual deprivation in early childhood
ametropia Answer - The refractive state of an eye that is unable to focus
correctly due to a refractive error
A-mode ultrasonography or A-Scan ultrasonography Answer - A diagnostic
procedure in which sound waves traveling in a staight line are used to reveal
the position of, and distances between, structures with the eye and orbit. This
techhnology helps to determine the power selection of an intraocular lens
Amsler grid test Answer - A test for determining the presence and location of
defects in the cenetral portion of the visual field.
anatomy Answer - The structure of an organism
, anesthetic Answer - A drug that causes a temporary deadening of a nerve,
resulting in loss of feeling in the surrounding tissue
angiogenesis Answer - The formation of new blood vessels
Angiography Answer - A method of examining and recording size, structure,
and location of blood vessels in organ systems, using fluorescent dyes.
anisocoria Answer - a condition in which the pupils are of unequal size
anterior Answer - The front part of a structure
anterior chamber angle Answer - The junction of the cornea and the iris, from
which aqueous humor leaves the eye. Also called filtration angle.
anterior chamber Answer - The small compartment between the cornea and
the iris that is filled with a clear, transparent fluid called aqueous humor
anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) Answer - Insufficient blood flow to
the optic nerve head resulting in a lack of oxygen and subsequent infarction of
(loss of) the nerve fibers and loss of vision
anterior segment Answer - The front of the eye; includes the structures
between the front surface of the cornea and the vitreous
anti-angiogenesis Answer - A process or agent that prevents new blood vessel
growth
antibiotic Answer - a drug that combats a bacterial infection
PASSED!!
abduction Answer - the movement of the eye outward toward the temple.
aberrometry Answer - The measurement of optical aberrations of the visual
system using a device called a wavefront ananlyzer or an aberrometer
abrasion Answer - a scratch
abscess Answer - a localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue.
absolute scotoma Answer - a severe visual field defect in which the largest and
brightest stimulus cannot be seen; blindness at that specific location
accommodation Answer - The change in the curvature of the crystalline lens
that helps to focus images of objects close to the eye
acidic burns Answer - a chemical injury to tissue, caused by an agent of low pH
acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome AIDS Answer - An infection with human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes a compromised immune system
,acute Answer - Refers to a condition that flares up suddenly and persists for
only a short time.
add Answer - The portion of the multifocal lens (usually the lower part) that
provides correction for near vision. also called segment or near add
adduction Answer - The movement of the eye inward toward the nose
adenovirus Answer - A family of viruses involved primarily in respiratory
infections; can cause hightly contagious forms of conjunctivitis
adnexa Answer - The tissues and structures surrounding the eye; includes the
orbit, extraocular muscles, eyelids, and lacrimal apparatus
afferent pupillary defect APD Answer - A pupil with normal iris function that
fails to constrict normally with direct light stimulation, but reacts strongly
consensually, or when the fellow eye is stimulated. Usually secondary to optic
nerve disease.
"against motion" Answer - The retinoscopic reflex movement that is in the
opposite direction from the movement of the streak of light from the
retinoscope; typical of the myopic eye
age-related macular degeneration ARMD Answer - A disease in which sensory
cells of the macula degenerate, resulting in a loss of central vision; usually
affects older people
alkali burn Answer - A chemical injury to tissue, cased by an agent of high pH
,allergic reaction Answer - A condition in which the body produces antibodies to
foreign materials such as food, plant pollens, or medications
alternate cover test Answer - A test performed by placing an occluder over one
eye and then moving it slowly over to the other eye to detect a tendency for
the eyes to deviate while under the occluder (such an ocular misalignment is
know as a phoria) Also called cross-cover test
altitudinal scotoma Answer - The joining and enlargement of a nasal step visual
field defect and an arcuate scotoma to cause loss of the entire upper or lower
visual field
amblyopia Answer - Decreased vision present without apparent abnormalities
in the ocular anatomy and uncorrectable by spectacles or contact lenses;
results from visual deprivation in early childhood
ametropia Answer - The refractive state of an eye that is unable to focus
correctly due to a refractive error
A-mode ultrasonography or A-Scan ultrasonography Answer - A diagnostic
procedure in which sound waves traveling in a staight line are used to reveal
the position of, and distances between, structures with the eye and orbit. This
techhnology helps to determine the power selection of an intraocular lens
Amsler grid test Answer - A test for determining the presence and location of
defects in the cenetral portion of the visual field.
anatomy Answer - The structure of an organism
, anesthetic Answer - A drug that causes a temporary deadening of a nerve,
resulting in loss of feeling in the surrounding tissue
angiogenesis Answer - The formation of new blood vessels
Angiography Answer - A method of examining and recording size, structure,
and location of blood vessels in organ systems, using fluorescent dyes.
anisocoria Answer - a condition in which the pupils are of unequal size
anterior Answer - The front part of a structure
anterior chamber angle Answer - The junction of the cornea and the iris, from
which aqueous humor leaves the eye. Also called filtration angle.
anterior chamber Answer - The small compartment between the cornea and
the iris that is filled with a clear, transparent fluid called aqueous humor
anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) Answer - Insufficient blood flow to
the optic nerve head resulting in a lack of oxygen and subsequent infarction of
(loss of) the nerve fibers and loss of vision
anterior segment Answer - The front of the eye; includes the structures
between the front surface of the cornea and the vitreous
anti-angiogenesis Answer - A process or agent that prevents new blood vessel
growth
antibiotic Answer - a drug that combats a bacterial infection
