Biol 316 Exam PCQs Questions With Correct
Answers
19. |The |functioning |of |regulatory |mechanisms |that |automatically |make |adjustments |to |
maintain |internal |constancy |is |called
c. |homeostasis.
20. |During |childbirth, |muscular |contractions |acting |to |expel |the |fetus |from |the |uterus |induce |
hormonal |signals |that |induce |even |more |intense |contractions. |This |is |an |example |of
d. |positive |feedback.
9. |When |an |allosterically |modulated |enzyme |is |the |rate-limiting |enzyme |in |a |metabolic |
pathway, |the |entire |pathway |may |be |upregulated |or |downregulated |by |allosteric |modulation. |
The |result |of |downregulation |of |the |entire |pathway |is |called
a. |feedback |inhibition.
10. |Testosterone |is |released |by |the |testes |in |response |to |luteinizing |hormone, |released |from |
the |pituitary |gland. |As |circulating |testosterone |levels |rise, |they |act |on |the |pituitary |gland |to |
reduce |the |secretion |of |luteinizing |hormone, |thus |reducing |the |production |of |testosterone. |
This |is |an |example |of
b. |negative |feedback.
7. |Human |LDH-A4 |and |rat |LDH-A4 |together |are |a |good |example |of.
b. |interspecific |enzyme |homologs
13. |Which |reaction |is |catalyzed |by |LDH?
a. |Pyruvic |acid |+ |NADH2 |→ |lactic |acid |+ |NAD
6. |The |genes |on |the |figure |are |aligned |based |on
a. |homologous |sequences.
24. |Human |LDH-B4 |and |rat |LDH-B4 |are |examples |of
d. |interspecific |enzyme |homologs.
,35. |The |figure |shows |the
b. |frequency |distribution |of |two |different |alleles |of |the |gene |for |LDH.
1. |For |the |Antarctic |icefish, |a |consequence |of |their |lack |of |hemoglobin |is |that |they
b. |are |restricted |to |very |cold |water.
2. |The |coldest |water |that |icefish |typically |inhabit |is
c. |-1.9°C.
36. |What |is |the |best |explanation |for |why |mammalian |and |fish |LDH-C |enzymes |are |shown |to |
be |so |distantly |related?
c. |The |enzymes |were |named |before |the |actual |evolutionary |relationships |were |known.
3. |Today, |there |are |_______ |species |of |icefish.
b. |about |16
7. |What |is |the |best |explanation |for |the |differences, |as |shown |in |the |figure, |in |the |icefish |
globin |genes?.
d. |Deletions |have |rendered |the |α-globin |gene |nonfunctional |and |the |β-globin |gene |has |been |
removed.
10. |Which |point(s) |refer(s) |to |the |most |likely |divergence(s) |of |the |hemoglobin-free |icefish?
b. |II
14. |Which |statement |about |the |figure |is |true?
b. |It |shows |the |lineages |of |icefish |that |have |lost |functional |myoglobin.
18. |In |what |way |is |the |loss |of |functional |hemoglobin |in |icefish |a |disadvantage?
c. |Icefish |have |enlarged |hearts |and |faster |blood |circulation |compared |to |red-blooded |fish.
14. |Which |statement |about |the |figure |is |true?
b. |It |shows |the |lineages |of |icefish |that |have |lost |functional |myoglobin
20. |Which |protein |is |common |in |all |species |of |icefish?
b. |Antifreeze |glycoproteins
, 20. |Which |statement |about |the |insect |circulatory |system |is |true?
b. |Insects |have |an |open |circulatory |system |and |a |tracheal |system |for |delivering |O2.
9. |When |an |allosterically |modulated |enzyme |is |the |rate-limiting |enzyme |in |a |metabolic |
pathway, |the |entire |pathway |may |be |upregulated |or |downregulated |by |allosteric |modulation. |
The |result |of |downregulation |of |the |entire |pathway |is |called
a. |feedback |inhibition.
20. |Which |statement |about |the |insect |circulatory |system |is |true?
b. |Insects |have |an |open |circulatory |system |and |a |tracheal |system |for |delivering |O2.
1. |Icefish |were |once |commonly |called |"bloodless |fish" |because |of |b. |the |fact |that |their |blood |
is |clear. |One |unique |feature |of |the |icefish |is |that |they
b. |are |the |only |vertebrates |that |do |not |have |red |blood |cells |as |adults.
3. |Which |statement |about |icefish |is |true?
c. |They |do |not |have |hemoglobin.
4. |When |researchers |analyzed |the |DNA |of |icefish, |they |found |that |the
a. |β-globin |gene |was |completely |gone |and |the |α-globin |gene |was |missing |parts.
. |The |hearts |of |icefishd. |can |have |myoglobin |or |not, |depending |on |the |species.
6. |Which |statement |regarding |icefish |evolution |is |true?
b. |Only |icefish |share |an |ancestor |that |lost |the |function |of |globin |genes.
29. |The |ability |of |an |animal |(with |a |fixed |genotype) |to |express |two |or |more |genetically |
controlled |phenotypes |is |called
a. |phenotypic |plasticity.
34. |Which |observation |would |not |be |considered |an |example |of |phenotypic |plasticity? |A
d. |Worker |and |queen |honeybees |cooperate |in |an |elaborate |control |of |reproduction.
Answers
19. |The |functioning |of |regulatory |mechanisms |that |automatically |make |adjustments |to |
maintain |internal |constancy |is |called
c. |homeostasis.
20. |During |childbirth, |muscular |contractions |acting |to |expel |the |fetus |from |the |uterus |induce |
hormonal |signals |that |induce |even |more |intense |contractions. |This |is |an |example |of
d. |positive |feedback.
9. |When |an |allosterically |modulated |enzyme |is |the |rate-limiting |enzyme |in |a |metabolic |
pathway, |the |entire |pathway |may |be |upregulated |or |downregulated |by |allosteric |modulation. |
The |result |of |downregulation |of |the |entire |pathway |is |called
a. |feedback |inhibition.
10. |Testosterone |is |released |by |the |testes |in |response |to |luteinizing |hormone, |released |from |
the |pituitary |gland. |As |circulating |testosterone |levels |rise, |they |act |on |the |pituitary |gland |to |
reduce |the |secretion |of |luteinizing |hormone, |thus |reducing |the |production |of |testosterone. |
This |is |an |example |of
b. |negative |feedback.
7. |Human |LDH-A4 |and |rat |LDH-A4 |together |are |a |good |example |of.
b. |interspecific |enzyme |homologs
13. |Which |reaction |is |catalyzed |by |LDH?
a. |Pyruvic |acid |+ |NADH2 |→ |lactic |acid |+ |NAD
6. |The |genes |on |the |figure |are |aligned |based |on
a. |homologous |sequences.
24. |Human |LDH-B4 |and |rat |LDH-B4 |are |examples |of
d. |interspecific |enzyme |homologs.
,35. |The |figure |shows |the
b. |frequency |distribution |of |two |different |alleles |of |the |gene |for |LDH.
1. |For |the |Antarctic |icefish, |a |consequence |of |their |lack |of |hemoglobin |is |that |they
b. |are |restricted |to |very |cold |water.
2. |The |coldest |water |that |icefish |typically |inhabit |is
c. |-1.9°C.
36. |What |is |the |best |explanation |for |why |mammalian |and |fish |LDH-C |enzymes |are |shown |to |
be |so |distantly |related?
c. |The |enzymes |were |named |before |the |actual |evolutionary |relationships |were |known.
3. |Today, |there |are |_______ |species |of |icefish.
b. |about |16
7. |What |is |the |best |explanation |for |the |differences, |as |shown |in |the |figure, |in |the |icefish |
globin |genes?.
d. |Deletions |have |rendered |the |α-globin |gene |nonfunctional |and |the |β-globin |gene |has |been |
removed.
10. |Which |point(s) |refer(s) |to |the |most |likely |divergence(s) |of |the |hemoglobin-free |icefish?
b. |II
14. |Which |statement |about |the |figure |is |true?
b. |It |shows |the |lineages |of |icefish |that |have |lost |functional |myoglobin.
18. |In |what |way |is |the |loss |of |functional |hemoglobin |in |icefish |a |disadvantage?
c. |Icefish |have |enlarged |hearts |and |faster |blood |circulation |compared |to |red-blooded |fish.
14. |Which |statement |about |the |figure |is |true?
b. |It |shows |the |lineages |of |icefish |that |have |lost |functional |myoglobin
20. |Which |protein |is |common |in |all |species |of |icefish?
b. |Antifreeze |glycoproteins
, 20. |Which |statement |about |the |insect |circulatory |system |is |true?
b. |Insects |have |an |open |circulatory |system |and |a |tracheal |system |for |delivering |O2.
9. |When |an |allosterically |modulated |enzyme |is |the |rate-limiting |enzyme |in |a |metabolic |
pathway, |the |entire |pathway |may |be |upregulated |or |downregulated |by |allosteric |modulation. |
The |result |of |downregulation |of |the |entire |pathway |is |called
a. |feedback |inhibition.
20. |Which |statement |about |the |insect |circulatory |system |is |true?
b. |Insects |have |an |open |circulatory |system |and |a |tracheal |system |for |delivering |O2.
1. |Icefish |were |once |commonly |called |"bloodless |fish" |because |of |b. |the |fact |that |their |blood |
is |clear. |One |unique |feature |of |the |icefish |is |that |they
b. |are |the |only |vertebrates |that |do |not |have |red |blood |cells |as |adults.
3. |Which |statement |about |icefish |is |true?
c. |They |do |not |have |hemoglobin.
4. |When |researchers |analyzed |the |DNA |of |icefish, |they |found |that |the
a. |β-globin |gene |was |completely |gone |and |the |α-globin |gene |was |missing |parts.
. |The |hearts |of |icefishd. |can |have |myoglobin |or |not, |depending |on |the |species.
6. |Which |statement |regarding |icefish |evolution |is |true?
b. |Only |icefish |share |an |ancestor |that |lost |the |function |of |globin |genes.
29. |The |ability |of |an |animal |(with |a |fixed |genotype) |to |express |two |or |more |genetically |
controlled |phenotypes |is |called
a. |phenotypic |plasticity.
34. |Which |observation |would |not |be |considered |an |example |of |phenotypic |plasticity? |A
d. |Worker |and |queen |honeybees |cooperate |in |an |elaborate |control |of |reproduction.
