Kettering Patient Assessment Exam Prep (New
Version) – Practice Questions & Answers |
Latest Update 2026 | Graded A+
Ventilation, Oxygenation, Circulation, and Perfussion. - correct answerWhat are the 4
critical life function?
RR, Vt, Chest movement, breath sounds, PaCO2, and EtCO2 - correct answerWhat
vital signs should a RT examine to evaluate ventilation? (6)
HR, Color, sensorium, PaO2, and SpO2 - correct answerWhat vital signs should a RT
examine to evaluate oxygenation? (5)
BP, sensorium, temperature, urine output, and hemodynamics - correct answerWhat
vital signs should a RT examine to evaluate perfusion? (5)
HR, heart strength, and cardiac output - correct answerWhat vital signs should a RT
examine to evaluate circulation? (3)
Ventilation, oxygenation, circulation, and perfusion. - correct answerList the 4 life
function in order of priority in an emergency?
Symptoms are subjectives, signs are objective - correct answerOf both signs and
symptoms which is objective and which is subjective?
inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation - correct answerPhysical examination
consist of what 4 steps?
# of packs/day x # of years smoked - correct answerPack years=
40 mL/hr (approximately 1Liter/day) - correct answerNormal urine output is a minimum
of?
Sensible water loss - correct answerFluids lost through urination and vomiting is
considered what kind of water loss?
Insensible water loss - correct answerFluids lost through breathing and perspiration (i.e.
lungs and skin) in considered what kind of water loss?
fluid retention exceeding fluid output - correct answerA patient is admitted to the ER
with noted weight gain and SOB. Upon further evaluation the patient was found to have
,an electrolyte imbalance, increased hemodynamic pressures, and decreased lung
compliance what is the most likely cause of the patients symptom?
changes in fluid balance - correct answerWhat can changes in central venous pressure
indicate?
2-6 mmHg - correct answerNormal central venous pressure or CVP is?
fluid therapy - correct answerA patient admitted to the ER presents with hypovolemia
what should the therapist recommend?
hypovolemia - correct answerAn evaluation of a patient's central venous pressure (CVP)
determined the patient's CVP to be 2 mmHg which indicates?
Hypervolemia - correct answerAn evaluation of a patient's central venous pressure
(CVP) determined the patient's CVP to be 6 mmHg which indicates?
diuretics - correct answerA patient admitted to the ER presents with hypervolemia what
should the therapist recommend?
Semicomatose - correct answerA patient who only responds to painful stimuli is
described as?
sleep apnea or excessive O2 therapy in patients with COPD - correct answerA patient is
described as lethargic, somnolent, or sleepy the therapist should consider?
Stuporous or confused - correct answerA patient who responds inappropriately, drug
overdose, or intoxicated is described as?
comatose - correct answerA patient who does not respond to painful stimuli is described
as?
Obtunded - correct answerA patient who is in a drowsy state and a decreased cough or
gag reflex is said to be?
CHF - correct answerA patient complains of SOB while laying down what is the most
likely cause?
difficulty breathing except in the upright position - correct answerOrthopnea is defined
as?
general malaise - correct answerA patient presents to the ER feeling run down,
nauseous, weak, fatigued, and with a headache is described as having?
a feeling of SOB and difficulty breathing. - correct answerDyspnea is defined as?
,4 - correct answerA patient present to the ER with dyspnea while slowly walking short
distances. What grade of dyspnea does the patient have
dyspnea occurring after unusual exertion - correct answerDyspnea grade 1 is defined
as?
5 - correct answerA patient has dyspnea while at rest, shaving, dressing, etc. The
patient has grade ___ dyspnea?
breathless after going up hills or stairs - correct answerGrade 2 dyspnea is defined as?
dyspnea while walking at normal speed - correct answerGrade 3 dyspnea is defined as?
Activities of daily living - correct answerKatz scoring system is used to evaluate what?
Presence of excessive fluid in the tissue known as pitting edema - correct
answerPeripheral edema is defined as?
CHF and renal failure - correct answerPeripheral edema is most commonly caused by?
Diuretics - correct answerThe most common therapy for peripheral edema is?
furosemide, lasix - correct answerName two diuretics that can be given to a patient with
edema?
Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen - correct answerAscites is defined as?
Liver failure - correct answerA patient presents to the ER with ascites the doctor ask the
therapist what is the underlying problem is?
Chronic hypoxemia - correct answerUpon assessment by inspection the therapist notes
the presence of digital clubbing which is caused by?
Pulmonary disease - correct answerUpon assessment by inspection the therapist notes
the presence of digital clubbing which suggest the presence of what kind of disease?
CHF - correct answerVenous distention or JVD is typically seen in patient with what kind
of disease?
Obstructive lung disease - correct answerA patient presents to the ER with SOB and
upon closer inspection the therapist notes JVD during exhalation only. What should the
therapist assume is the underlying problem is?
Diuretics and positive inotropic agents - correct answerA patient has noted diaphoresis
related to heart failure what kind of medications should the therapist recommend?
, Antibiotics - correct answerA patient has noted diaphores with a fever. what kind of
medications should the therapist recommend?
A state of heavy sweating - correct answerDiaphoresis is defined as?
Tuberculosis - correct answerNight sweats suggest the presence of?
Anemia or acute blood loss - correct answerA patient whose skin color is described as
ashen or pallor most likely suffers from?
Vasoconstriction will cause color change by reducing boold flow - correct
answerChanges in a patients skin color to ashen or pallor is caused by what
physiological respond to anemia or acute blood loss?
Depression of part of the strenum - correct answerPectus excavatum is defined as?
Convex curvature of the spine - correct answerKyphosis is defined as?
Restrictive, ventilate. - correct answerAbnormal chest configuration is a
______________ respiratory disease and diminishes the patient ability to
___________.
Anterior protrusion of the strenum - correct answerPectus carinatum is defined as?
Lateral curvature of the spine - correct answerScoliosis is defined as?
Restrictive, reduced lung volumes - correct answerKyphoscoliosis results in what kind of
respiratory pattern? And results in?
COPD - correct answerBarrel chest is caused by what pulmonary disease?
Air trapping - correct answerBarrel chest in COPD patients is caused by?
A barrel chest - correct answerA patient is described as having an increased A-P
diameter is said to have?
nothing because the patient is breathing normally. - correct answerA respiratory
therapist examines a patients and notes that the patients abdomen moves out during
inspiration and the thorax moves outward and upward what should the therapist do?
post lung resection (post-pneumonectomy),
atelectasis, pneumothorax, flail chest (paradoxical chest movement), endotracheal tube
inserted in right or left mainstream bronchi. - correct answerThe patient has unequal
(asymmetrical) chest movement what are the 5 possible causes?
Version) – Practice Questions & Answers |
Latest Update 2026 | Graded A+
Ventilation, Oxygenation, Circulation, and Perfussion. - correct answerWhat are the 4
critical life function?
RR, Vt, Chest movement, breath sounds, PaCO2, and EtCO2 - correct answerWhat
vital signs should a RT examine to evaluate ventilation? (6)
HR, Color, sensorium, PaO2, and SpO2 - correct answerWhat vital signs should a RT
examine to evaluate oxygenation? (5)
BP, sensorium, temperature, urine output, and hemodynamics - correct answerWhat
vital signs should a RT examine to evaluate perfusion? (5)
HR, heart strength, and cardiac output - correct answerWhat vital signs should a RT
examine to evaluate circulation? (3)
Ventilation, oxygenation, circulation, and perfusion. - correct answerList the 4 life
function in order of priority in an emergency?
Symptoms are subjectives, signs are objective - correct answerOf both signs and
symptoms which is objective and which is subjective?
inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation - correct answerPhysical examination
consist of what 4 steps?
# of packs/day x # of years smoked - correct answerPack years=
40 mL/hr (approximately 1Liter/day) - correct answerNormal urine output is a minimum
of?
Sensible water loss - correct answerFluids lost through urination and vomiting is
considered what kind of water loss?
Insensible water loss - correct answerFluids lost through breathing and perspiration (i.e.
lungs and skin) in considered what kind of water loss?
fluid retention exceeding fluid output - correct answerA patient is admitted to the ER
with noted weight gain and SOB. Upon further evaluation the patient was found to have
,an electrolyte imbalance, increased hemodynamic pressures, and decreased lung
compliance what is the most likely cause of the patients symptom?
changes in fluid balance - correct answerWhat can changes in central venous pressure
indicate?
2-6 mmHg - correct answerNormal central venous pressure or CVP is?
fluid therapy - correct answerA patient admitted to the ER presents with hypovolemia
what should the therapist recommend?
hypovolemia - correct answerAn evaluation of a patient's central venous pressure (CVP)
determined the patient's CVP to be 2 mmHg which indicates?
Hypervolemia - correct answerAn evaluation of a patient's central venous pressure
(CVP) determined the patient's CVP to be 6 mmHg which indicates?
diuretics - correct answerA patient admitted to the ER presents with hypervolemia what
should the therapist recommend?
Semicomatose - correct answerA patient who only responds to painful stimuli is
described as?
sleep apnea or excessive O2 therapy in patients with COPD - correct answerA patient is
described as lethargic, somnolent, or sleepy the therapist should consider?
Stuporous or confused - correct answerA patient who responds inappropriately, drug
overdose, or intoxicated is described as?
comatose - correct answerA patient who does not respond to painful stimuli is described
as?
Obtunded - correct answerA patient who is in a drowsy state and a decreased cough or
gag reflex is said to be?
CHF - correct answerA patient complains of SOB while laying down what is the most
likely cause?
difficulty breathing except in the upright position - correct answerOrthopnea is defined
as?
general malaise - correct answerA patient presents to the ER feeling run down,
nauseous, weak, fatigued, and with a headache is described as having?
a feeling of SOB and difficulty breathing. - correct answerDyspnea is defined as?
,4 - correct answerA patient present to the ER with dyspnea while slowly walking short
distances. What grade of dyspnea does the patient have
dyspnea occurring after unusual exertion - correct answerDyspnea grade 1 is defined
as?
5 - correct answerA patient has dyspnea while at rest, shaving, dressing, etc. The
patient has grade ___ dyspnea?
breathless after going up hills or stairs - correct answerGrade 2 dyspnea is defined as?
dyspnea while walking at normal speed - correct answerGrade 3 dyspnea is defined as?
Activities of daily living - correct answerKatz scoring system is used to evaluate what?
Presence of excessive fluid in the tissue known as pitting edema - correct
answerPeripheral edema is defined as?
CHF and renal failure - correct answerPeripheral edema is most commonly caused by?
Diuretics - correct answerThe most common therapy for peripheral edema is?
furosemide, lasix - correct answerName two diuretics that can be given to a patient with
edema?
Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen - correct answerAscites is defined as?
Liver failure - correct answerA patient presents to the ER with ascites the doctor ask the
therapist what is the underlying problem is?
Chronic hypoxemia - correct answerUpon assessment by inspection the therapist notes
the presence of digital clubbing which is caused by?
Pulmonary disease - correct answerUpon assessment by inspection the therapist notes
the presence of digital clubbing which suggest the presence of what kind of disease?
CHF - correct answerVenous distention or JVD is typically seen in patient with what kind
of disease?
Obstructive lung disease - correct answerA patient presents to the ER with SOB and
upon closer inspection the therapist notes JVD during exhalation only. What should the
therapist assume is the underlying problem is?
Diuretics and positive inotropic agents - correct answerA patient has noted diaphoresis
related to heart failure what kind of medications should the therapist recommend?
, Antibiotics - correct answerA patient has noted diaphores with a fever. what kind of
medications should the therapist recommend?
A state of heavy sweating - correct answerDiaphoresis is defined as?
Tuberculosis - correct answerNight sweats suggest the presence of?
Anemia or acute blood loss - correct answerA patient whose skin color is described as
ashen or pallor most likely suffers from?
Vasoconstriction will cause color change by reducing boold flow - correct
answerChanges in a patients skin color to ashen or pallor is caused by what
physiological respond to anemia or acute blood loss?
Depression of part of the strenum - correct answerPectus excavatum is defined as?
Convex curvature of the spine - correct answerKyphosis is defined as?
Restrictive, ventilate. - correct answerAbnormal chest configuration is a
______________ respiratory disease and diminishes the patient ability to
___________.
Anterior protrusion of the strenum - correct answerPectus carinatum is defined as?
Lateral curvature of the spine - correct answerScoliosis is defined as?
Restrictive, reduced lung volumes - correct answerKyphoscoliosis results in what kind of
respiratory pattern? And results in?
COPD - correct answerBarrel chest is caused by what pulmonary disease?
Air trapping - correct answerBarrel chest in COPD patients is caused by?
A barrel chest - correct answerA patient is described as having an increased A-P
diameter is said to have?
nothing because the patient is breathing normally. - correct answerA respiratory
therapist examines a patients and notes that the patients abdomen moves out during
inspiration and the thorax moves outward and upward what should the therapist do?
post lung resection (post-pneumonectomy),
atelectasis, pneumothorax, flail chest (paradoxical chest movement), endotracheal tube
inserted in right or left mainstream bronchi. - correct answerThe patient has unequal
(asymmetrical) chest movement what are the 5 possible causes?
