PSYC 331 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔psychoanalytic theory - ✔✔A theory developed by Freud that attempts to explain
personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants
of behavior
✔✔Sigmund Freud - ✔✔Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious
causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.
✔✔Erik Erikson - ✔✔neo-Freudian, humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development:
theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a
psychological crisis that involves confronting "Who am I?"... Believed that ego is a
relatively powerful, independent part of personality
✔✔projective tests - ✔✔Rorschach inkblot, draw-a-picture, TAT
✔✔ personality psychology - ✔✔the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of
thinking, feeling, and acting
✔✔psychological traits - ✔✔characteristics that describe ways in which people are
different from each other
✔✔psychodynamic perspective - ✔✔the approach based on the view that behavior is
motivated by unconscious inner forces over which the individual has little control
✔✔trait approach - ✔✔An individual lies along a continuum of various personality
characteristics
✔✔When is trait approach useful? - ✔✔Distinguishing between job candidates, friends,
romantic partners
✔✔Biological Approach - ✔✔Inherited predispositions and physiological processes
contribute to differences in personality
✔✔Cognitive Approach - ✔✔An approach to psychology emphasizing the mental
processes involved in knowing: how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think,
and solve problems.
✔✔Behavioral/ Social approach - ✔✔Consistent behavior patterns in terms of
conditioning and expectations
, ✔✔humanistic approach - ✔✔An approach to psychology emphasizing a person's
positive qualities, the capacity for positive growth, and the freedom to choose any
destiny.
✔✔Basic psychological research - ✔✔- explores psychological phenomena
- tests and creates theories
- adds to general understanding of psychology
✔✔Applied psychological research - ✔✔- solves practical problems
-uses psychological knowledge and theories to test solutions to problems
- creates treatments and interventions
✔✔What are the 3 types of psychological research methods? - ✔✔- Descriptive
- Correlational
- Experimental
✔✔descriptive research - ✔✔focuses on recording events, seeks to identify how
humans and other animals behave, particularly in natural settings
✔✔Correlational research - ✔✔focuses on the relationship between two or more
psychological phenomena, in either lab or natural settings
✔✔experimental research - ✔✔research designed to discover causal relationships
between various factors... particularly in a lab setting
✔✔The Scientific Method - ✔✔- Theories
- Hypotheses
- Research and Observation
✔✔Psychology Research Methods - ✔✔- case studies
- naturalistic observation
- surveys
- archival
- experiments
✔✔case studies - ✔✔a research method that involves the intensive examination of
unusual people or organizations
✔✔Surveys - ✔✔participants answer questions in a variety of ways
✔✔Neo-Psychoanalytic Theorist - ✔✔- adler
- jung
- erikson
- horney
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔psychoanalytic theory - ✔✔A theory developed by Freud that attempts to explain
personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants
of behavior
✔✔Sigmund Freud - ✔✔Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious
causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.
✔✔Erik Erikson - ✔✔neo-Freudian, humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development:
theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a
psychological crisis that involves confronting "Who am I?"... Believed that ego is a
relatively powerful, independent part of personality
✔✔projective tests - ✔✔Rorschach inkblot, draw-a-picture, TAT
✔✔ personality psychology - ✔✔the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of
thinking, feeling, and acting
✔✔psychological traits - ✔✔characteristics that describe ways in which people are
different from each other
✔✔psychodynamic perspective - ✔✔the approach based on the view that behavior is
motivated by unconscious inner forces over which the individual has little control
✔✔trait approach - ✔✔An individual lies along a continuum of various personality
characteristics
✔✔When is trait approach useful? - ✔✔Distinguishing between job candidates, friends,
romantic partners
✔✔Biological Approach - ✔✔Inherited predispositions and physiological processes
contribute to differences in personality
✔✔Cognitive Approach - ✔✔An approach to psychology emphasizing the mental
processes involved in knowing: how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think,
and solve problems.
✔✔Behavioral/ Social approach - ✔✔Consistent behavior patterns in terms of
conditioning and expectations
, ✔✔humanistic approach - ✔✔An approach to psychology emphasizing a person's
positive qualities, the capacity for positive growth, and the freedom to choose any
destiny.
✔✔Basic psychological research - ✔✔- explores psychological phenomena
- tests and creates theories
- adds to general understanding of psychology
✔✔Applied psychological research - ✔✔- solves practical problems
-uses psychological knowledge and theories to test solutions to problems
- creates treatments and interventions
✔✔What are the 3 types of psychological research methods? - ✔✔- Descriptive
- Correlational
- Experimental
✔✔descriptive research - ✔✔focuses on recording events, seeks to identify how
humans and other animals behave, particularly in natural settings
✔✔Correlational research - ✔✔focuses on the relationship between two or more
psychological phenomena, in either lab or natural settings
✔✔experimental research - ✔✔research designed to discover causal relationships
between various factors... particularly in a lab setting
✔✔The Scientific Method - ✔✔- Theories
- Hypotheses
- Research and Observation
✔✔Psychology Research Methods - ✔✔- case studies
- naturalistic observation
- surveys
- archival
- experiments
✔✔case studies - ✔✔a research method that involves the intensive examination of
unusual people or organizations
✔✔Surveys - ✔✔participants answer questions in a variety of ways
✔✔Neo-Psychoanalytic Theorist - ✔✔- adler
- jung
- erikson
- horney
