, O N E X t X t
Introduction
ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS Xt Xt Xt
1. Guided missiles, automatic gain control in radio receivers, satellite tracking antenna
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
2. Yes - power gain, remote control, parameter conversion; No - Expense, complexity
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
3. Motor, low pass filter, inertia supported between two bearings
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
4. Closed-
loop systems compensate for disturbances by measuring the response, comparing it to the in
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
put response (the desired output), and then correcting the output response.
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
5. Under the condition that the feedback element is other than unity
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
6. Actuating signal Xt
7. Multiple subsystems can time share the controller. Any adjustments to the controller ca
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
n be implemented with simply software changes.
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
8. Stability, transient response, and steady-state error
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
9. Steady-state, transient Xt
10. It follows a growing transient response until the steady-
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
state response is no longer visible. The system will either destroy itself, reach an equilibrium
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt X
state because of saturation in driving amplifiers, or hit limit stops.
t Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
11. Transient response Xt
12. True
13. Transfer function, state-space, differential equations
Xt Xt Xt Xt
14. Transfer function - the Laplace transform of the differential equation
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
State-space - representation of an nth order differential equation as n simultaneous first-
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
order differential equations
Xt Xt
Differential equation - Modeling a system with its differential equation
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS Xt Xt
50 volts Xt Xt
1. Five turns yields 50 v. Therefore K = 1.59
5 x 2 rad
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
= Xt
Xt Xt Xt
,
, 2 Chapter 1: Xt Introductio
n
2.
DesiredXtt Temperature VoltageXt ActualXttemperatu
FuelXtflo
emperature Xtdifference
difference re
w
Xt
+ AmplifierXtan
Thermostat Heater
dXtvalves
-
3.
Desired InputXt ErrorXt Aileron Roll RollXt
XtrollXta voltage voltage positio
Xt Xtrat angle
ngle n e
+
controls
-
4.
InputXt
Speed
Desired voltage Actual
ErrorXt
Xt MotorXta
Xtspeed Xtspee
+ voltage ndXtdriv
transducer Amplifier e d
system
-
Dancer
DancerXt
positionXtsen
VoltageXtpr dynamics
sor
oportional
toXtactualXtspeed
5.
InputX Power RodXt
voltag
t ErrorXt
Xt
position
Desired e voltage MotorXt Actual
power andXtdri Xtpowe
Transducer
+ Amplifier veXtsys Reactor r
tem
-
SensorXt&X
ttransduce
VoltageXtpro r
portional
toXtactualXtpower
Introduction
ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS Xt Xt Xt
1. Guided missiles, automatic gain control in radio receivers, satellite tracking antenna
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
2. Yes - power gain, remote control, parameter conversion; No - Expense, complexity
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
3. Motor, low pass filter, inertia supported between two bearings
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
4. Closed-
loop systems compensate for disturbances by measuring the response, comparing it to the in
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
put response (the desired output), and then correcting the output response.
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
5. Under the condition that the feedback element is other than unity
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
6. Actuating signal Xt
7. Multiple subsystems can time share the controller. Any adjustments to the controller ca
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
n be implemented with simply software changes.
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
8. Stability, transient response, and steady-state error
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
9. Steady-state, transient Xt
10. It follows a growing transient response until the steady-
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
state response is no longer visible. The system will either destroy itself, reach an equilibrium
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt X
state because of saturation in driving amplifiers, or hit limit stops.
t Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
11. Transient response Xt
12. True
13. Transfer function, state-space, differential equations
Xt Xt Xt Xt
14. Transfer function - the Laplace transform of the differential equation
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
State-space - representation of an nth order differential equation as n simultaneous first-
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
order differential equations
Xt Xt
Differential equation - Modeling a system with its differential equation
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS Xt Xt
50 volts Xt Xt
1. Five turns yields 50 v. Therefore K = 1.59
5 x 2 rad
Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt
= Xt
Xt Xt Xt
,
, 2 Chapter 1: Xt Introductio
n
2.
DesiredXtt Temperature VoltageXt ActualXttemperatu
FuelXtflo
emperature Xtdifference
difference re
w
Xt
+ AmplifierXtan
Thermostat Heater
dXtvalves
-
3.
Desired InputXt ErrorXt Aileron Roll RollXt
XtrollXta voltage voltage positio
Xt Xtrat angle
ngle n e
+
controls
-
4.
InputXt
Speed
Desired voltage Actual
ErrorXt
Xt MotorXta
Xtspeed Xtspee
+ voltage ndXtdriv
transducer Amplifier e d
system
-
Dancer
DancerXt
positionXtsen
VoltageXtpr dynamics
sor
oportional
toXtactualXtspeed
5.
InputX Power RodXt
voltag
t ErrorXt
Xt
position
Desired e voltage MotorXt Actual
power andXtdri Xtpowe
Transducer
+ Amplifier veXtsys Reactor r
tem
-
SensorXt&X
ttransduce
VoltageXtpro r
portional
toXtactualXtpower