NUR 302 TEST 3 | DIURETICS AND RAAS
DRUGS | STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep
,Furosemide (Lasix) Acts on ascending loop of Henle to block reabsorption.
Indications for Furosemide Pulmonary edema (#1 use), edematous states, hypertension (for people resistant to other
HTN meds), heart failure.
Adverse effects of Furosemide Hyponatremia, hypochloremia, dehydration, hypokalemia, hypotension (loss of volume),
ototoxicity (ringing in the ears, dizziness, HE, nausea), hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia,
raise lipids, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia.
Interactions with Furosemide Digoxin (dysrhythmias), ototoxic drugs (antibiotics), potassium sparing diuretics, lithium,
antihypertensive agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs lessen effects.
Bumetanide (Bumex) Can cause ototoxicity, hypovolemia, hypotension, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia,
hyperglycemia, and disruption of lipid metabolism.
Pulmonary Edema Signs Elevated RR, low oxygen saturation, 'crackles' heard with stethoscope.
Pulmonary Edema Causes Results from congestive heart failure (CHF).
Administration of Furosemide in Emergency IV: effects in 5 minutes.
Unique Toxicities of Loop Diuretics Tinnitus - ototoxicity.
Thiazide Diuretic Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril) is extensively used for primary hypertension.
Thiazide Effectiveness Not effective for patients with low GFR.
Hydrochlorothiazide Action Acts on early segment distal convoluted tubule.
Uses of Hydrochlorothiazide Essential hypertension, edema, diabetes insipidus.
Adverse Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide Hyponatremia, hypochloremia, dehydration, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia,
adverse effects on lipids, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia.
Interactions with Hydrochlorothiazide Digoxin (increased dysrhythmias), can reduce renal excretion of lithium (lead to
accumulation), NSAIDs may blunt diuretic effect.
, Potassium Depleting Drugs Loops and thiazides cause low potassium (hypokalemia).
Potassium Sparing Drugs Spironolactone and eplerenone raise potassium levels.
Spironolactone Mechanism of Action Aldosterone antagonist: blocks aldosterone receptor, leading to retention of potassium
and increased excretion of sodium.
Uses of Spironolactone Hypertension, edematous states, heart failure, primary hyperaldosteronism, premenstrual
syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, acne in young women.
Adverse Effects of Spironolactone Hyperkalemia, benign and malignant tumors, endocrine effects.
Triamterene Mechanism of Action Disrupts sodium potassium exchange in the distal nephron.
Uses of Triamterene Hypertension, edema.
Adverse Effects of Triamterene Hyperkalemia, leg cramps, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blood dyscrasias.
Potassium Effects of Diuretics Potassium raising: spironolactone, triamterene, eplerenone; potassium lowering:
furosemide, bumetanide, hydrochlorothiazide.
Mannitol Uses Powerful diuretic that moves a lot of fluid, used to decrease pressure in the skull.
Mannitol Electrolyte Effect Overall hard to predict - electrolyte neutral.
Pulmonary edema A condition characterized by excess fluid in the lungs.
Diuresis The increased production of urine, promoted by creating osmotic force within the lumen
of the nephron.
Intracranial pressure reduction The process of lowering pressure within the skull, achieved by pulling fluid from
interstitial space without crossing the blood-brain barrier.
Intraocular pressure reduction The process of lowering pressure within the eye.
Adverse effects of diuretics Includes edema, pulmonary edema, headache, nausea, and vomiting.
DRUGS | STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep
,Furosemide (Lasix) Acts on ascending loop of Henle to block reabsorption.
Indications for Furosemide Pulmonary edema (#1 use), edematous states, hypertension (for people resistant to other
HTN meds), heart failure.
Adverse effects of Furosemide Hyponatremia, hypochloremia, dehydration, hypokalemia, hypotension (loss of volume),
ototoxicity (ringing in the ears, dizziness, HE, nausea), hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia,
raise lipids, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia.
Interactions with Furosemide Digoxin (dysrhythmias), ototoxic drugs (antibiotics), potassium sparing diuretics, lithium,
antihypertensive agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs lessen effects.
Bumetanide (Bumex) Can cause ototoxicity, hypovolemia, hypotension, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia,
hyperglycemia, and disruption of lipid metabolism.
Pulmonary Edema Signs Elevated RR, low oxygen saturation, 'crackles' heard with stethoscope.
Pulmonary Edema Causes Results from congestive heart failure (CHF).
Administration of Furosemide in Emergency IV: effects in 5 minutes.
Unique Toxicities of Loop Diuretics Tinnitus - ototoxicity.
Thiazide Diuretic Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril) is extensively used for primary hypertension.
Thiazide Effectiveness Not effective for patients with low GFR.
Hydrochlorothiazide Action Acts on early segment distal convoluted tubule.
Uses of Hydrochlorothiazide Essential hypertension, edema, diabetes insipidus.
Adverse Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide Hyponatremia, hypochloremia, dehydration, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia,
adverse effects on lipids, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia.
Interactions with Hydrochlorothiazide Digoxin (increased dysrhythmias), can reduce renal excretion of lithium (lead to
accumulation), NSAIDs may blunt diuretic effect.
, Potassium Depleting Drugs Loops and thiazides cause low potassium (hypokalemia).
Potassium Sparing Drugs Spironolactone and eplerenone raise potassium levels.
Spironolactone Mechanism of Action Aldosterone antagonist: blocks aldosterone receptor, leading to retention of potassium
and increased excretion of sodium.
Uses of Spironolactone Hypertension, edematous states, heart failure, primary hyperaldosteronism, premenstrual
syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, acne in young women.
Adverse Effects of Spironolactone Hyperkalemia, benign and malignant tumors, endocrine effects.
Triamterene Mechanism of Action Disrupts sodium potassium exchange in the distal nephron.
Uses of Triamterene Hypertension, edema.
Adverse Effects of Triamterene Hyperkalemia, leg cramps, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blood dyscrasias.
Potassium Effects of Diuretics Potassium raising: spironolactone, triamterene, eplerenone; potassium lowering:
furosemide, bumetanide, hydrochlorothiazide.
Mannitol Uses Powerful diuretic that moves a lot of fluid, used to decrease pressure in the skull.
Mannitol Electrolyte Effect Overall hard to predict - electrolyte neutral.
Pulmonary edema A condition characterized by excess fluid in the lungs.
Diuresis The increased production of urine, promoted by creating osmotic force within the lumen
of the nephron.
Intracranial pressure reduction The process of lowering pressure within the skull, achieved by pulling fluid from
interstitial space without crossing the blood-brain barrier.
Intraocular pressure reduction The process of lowering pressure within the eye.
Adverse effects of diuretics Includes edema, pulmonary edema, headache, nausea, and vomiting.
