fossilised
remains
evidence
genetic
Archaeology
CLASSIFICATION OF HOMINIDS
animalkingdomtsbipedalanimalsinthefossilrecordsharinga mixtureof
showstheplaceofhumansinthe
apelikeandhumanlikefeatures
GreatApes
ii.ie initiating
mañimalia
Animalswithmammaryglandshairorfur
warmblooded givebirthtoliveyoung
Primates order
suborder
Prosimians Anthropoids
Firstmonkey
Family
Hylobatidae Hominidae
Gibbons orangutansgorillaschimpanzeesextinct
humanancestors humans
Genus
Ardipithecus Australopithecus Homo
TaungchildMrsPlesLucyLittlefoot habiliserectusneanderthalensis
Australopithecussediba sapiens
,HUMANS AFRICAN APES
Anatomical similarities evidenceof acommonancestor
1 Brain
largecomparedto bodysize
enlargedcerebralcortex varyingdegreesofmemoryemotionsconsciousness rationalthought learned
behaviour
2Eyes
Botheyesinfrontofheadwithstereoscopicvision
accuratedistance 3Dvision
Eyesprotectedbybonysockets
3Nose
reduced absentsnoutwithsmallnoses
4Teeth
varietyofteethforomnivorousdiet
5 Shoulders
clavicleallowsarmstorotatefreelyin theshouldersocket
6Hands
Fingertipshaveridges fingerprints
providebetterfrictionforgrasping
Fingernails notclaws
opposablethumbs thumbfaces
awayfromotherfingers
allowfor a precisiongripbetweenthumbandforefinger
, Anatomical differences evidencethathumansevolvedfromAfrican
apes
Apes Humans
1 Brain smallcranium brain largecranium brain
largermorecomplex
brain controllingfire
languagetools
2 Brow prominentbrowridge reducedbrowridge
ridge attachmentpoint
forstrongmusclesof
jaw race torip
apart chewmeat
3 Pelvicgirdle longnarrowpelvic shortwidepelvicgirdle
girdle bettersupportfor
increasedbodyweight
lavercentreofgravity
forbalance
4 Angleof femur notangledinwards Angledinwardstowards
theknee
bringsfootcloserto
body'scentreofgravity
lavercentreof
gravity forbalance
5 Curvature of lesscurved morecurved
spine cshaped s shaped
Providessupportfor
upperbody
6 Lengthofarms longerarms shorterlegs longerlegs shorterarms
legs climbtrees walkupright
7Positionof towardsbackofskull towardscentreofskull
foramummagnum vertebralcolumndirectly
underheadtosupport
uprightposition
remains
evidence
genetic
Archaeology
CLASSIFICATION OF HOMINIDS
animalkingdomtsbipedalanimalsinthefossilrecordsharinga mixtureof
showstheplaceofhumansinthe
apelikeandhumanlikefeatures
GreatApes
ii.ie initiating
mañimalia
Animalswithmammaryglandshairorfur
warmblooded givebirthtoliveyoung
Primates order
suborder
Prosimians Anthropoids
Firstmonkey
Family
Hylobatidae Hominidae
Gibbons orangutansgorillaschimpanzeesextinct
humanancestors humans
Genus
Ardipithecus Australopithecus Homo
TaungchildMrsPlesLucyLittlefoot habiliserectusneanderthalensis
Australopithecussediba sapiens
,HUMANS AFRICAN APES
Anatomical similarities evidenceof acommonancestor
1 Brain
largecomparedto bodysize
enlargedcerebralcortex varyingdegreesofmemoryemotionsconsciousness rationalthought learned
behaviour
2Eyes
Botheyesinfrontofheadwithstereoscopicvision
accuratedistance 3Dvision
Eyesprotectedbybonysockets
3Nose
reduced absentsnoutwithsmallnoses
4Teeth
varietyofteethforomnivorousdiet
5 Shoulders
clavicleallowsarmstorotatefreelyin theshouldersocket
6Hands
Fingertipshaveridges fingerprints
providebetterfrictionforgrasping
Fingernails notclaws
opposablethumbs thumbfaces
awayfromotherfingers
allowfor a precisiongripbetweenthumbandforefinger
, Anatomical differences evidencethathumansevolvedfromAfrican
apes
Apes Humans
1 Brain smallcranium brain largecranium brain
largermorecomplex
brain controllingfire
languagetools
2 Brow prominentbrowridge reducedbrowridge
ridge attachmentpoint
forstrongmusclesof
jaw race torip
apart chewmeat
3 Pelvicgirdle longnarrowpelvic shortwidepelvicgirdle
girdle bettersupportfor
increasedbodyweight
lavercentreofgravity
forbalance
4 Angleof femur notangledinwards Angledinwardstowards
theknee
bringsfootcloserto
body'scentreofgravity
lavercentreof
gravity forbalance
5 Curvature of lesscurved morecurved
spine cshaped s shaped
Providessupportfor
upperbody
6 Lengthofarms longerarms shorterlegs longerlegs shorterarms
legs climbtrees walkupright
7Positionof towardsbackofskull towardscentreofskull
foramummagnum vertebralcolumndirectly
underheadtosupport
uprightposition
