HUMAN EVOLUTION
Evidence for evolution
1. Cultural evidence ( tool making)
2. Genetics ( mtDNA)
3. Fossil evidence
CHARACTERISTICS THAT HUMANS SHARE WITH OTHER
PRIMATES ( AFRICAN APES)
1. Both have opposable thumbs, which are used for grip and
precision
2. Have flat nails instrad of claws
3. Longer upper arms.
4. Have an upright posture that enable them to be bipedal.
5. Olfactory center ( sense of smell) is reduced.
6. Freely rotating upper arms.
7. Have stereoscopic vision ( binocular vision, which is the ability
to see using both eyes)
8 Have a large brain compared to their body mass
, BIPEDALISM
Bipedalism is the ability to walk on two feet.
Quadrupedalism is the ability to walk on four feet.
ADVANTAGES OF BIPEDALISM
1. Hands are free which makes it easy to carry food, babies and
use tools.
2. It made copulation easier as the reproductive organs are
exposed.
3. They are able to spot predators from afar and can decide on
the action to take on time.
4. They have a better cooling effect because of having a larger
surface area to air currents.
5. It made moving from one area to the next much easier.
DISADVANTAGES OF BIPEDALISM
1. The vital organs became exposed.
2 Balance and speed were refuced when organisms became
bipedal .
3. They can easily spotted by predators from afar
Evidence for evolution
1. Cultural evidence ( tool making)
2. Genetics ( mtDNA)
3. Fossil evidence
CHARACTERISTICS THAT HUMANS SHARE WITH OTHER
PRIMATES ( AFRICAN APES)
1. Both have opposable thumbs, which are used for grip and
precision
2. Have flat nails instrad of claws
3. Longer upper arms.
4. Have an upright posture that enable them to be bipedal.
5. Olfactory center ( sense of smell) is reduced.
6. Freely rotating upper arms.
7. Have stereoscopic vision ( binocular vision, which is the ability
to see using both eyes)
8 Have a large brain compared to their body mass
, BIPEDALISM
Bipedalism is the ability to walk on two feet.
Quadrupedalism is the ability to walk on four feet.
ADVANTAGES OF BIPEDALISM
1. Hands are free which makes it easy to carry food, babies and
use tools.
2. It made copulation easier as the reproductive organs are
exposed.
3. They are able to spot predators from afar and can decide on
the action to take on time.
4. They have a better cooling effect because of having a larger
surface area to air currents.
5. It made moving from one area to the next much easier.
DISADVANTAGES OF BIPEDALISM
1. The vital organs became exposed.
2 Balance and speed were refuced when organisms became
bipedal .
3. They can easily spotted by predators from afar
