Chromosome :
By organismes wat geslagtelik voortplant is die aantal chromosome
altyd n ewe getal omdat dit uit 2 stelle chromosome bestaan
Die dubbele stel chromosome staan bekend as die diploiede
chromosoomgetal (2n)
By die mens (2n=46)
Elke chromosoom van een stel het gewoonlik n ander stel wat ten
opsigte van grootte en vorm ,ooreenstem.
Een paar is van die moeder en die ander paar van die vader
afkomstig
Staan bekend as homoloë chromosoom pare
Geslagselle (gamete) nl. Spermselle en eierselle besit net 1 stel
chromosome wat bekend staan as die haploïede chromosoomgetal
(n)
By menslike gamete (n=23)
Tydens bevrugting versmelt n eiersel en spermsel met elk een stel
chromosome om n sigoot te vorm
Die sigoot best nou 2 selle chromosome nl. Die diploïde
chromosoomgetal
Die sigoot verdeel mitoties ,vorm n embrio ,bestaande uit klomp
selle met die diploïede chromosoomgetal
Kariotipe:
, Wat is dit ? die volledige diploïede stel chromosome binne 1
somatiese sel ,wat vlgns hul grootte ,vorm en getal in homoloë pare
geranskik is
Mens se kariotipe bestaan uit 22 pare outosome en 1 paar
gonosome bekend as X en Y chromosome
Die vrou besit twee X -gonosome
Die man besit een X -en een Y -gonosoom
In n vroulike individue = 44+ X
In n manlike individue = 44 + XY
Seldeling
Selsiklus = die tydperk waartydens n sel groei, genetiese
material repliseer en verdeel
Selsiklus word in 2 verdeel :
1. Interfase
2. Verdelingsfase
3.
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