AP macro exam letter CORRECT SOLUTIONS

which of the following typically occurs during an expansionary phase of a business cycle? (A) nominal interest rates decrease. (B) income taxes decrease. (C) the price level decreases. (D) government transfer payments increase. (E) employment increases. E economic growth refers to an increase in which of the following? (A) government spending. (B) consumption spending. (C) nominal gross domestic product (GDP). (D) potential real gross domestic product (GDP). (E) household wealth. if both the nominal interest rate and the expected inflation rate increase, what will happen to the real interest rate? (A) it will increase because the expected inflation rate has increased. (B) it will increase because the nominal interest rate has increased. (C) it will increase if the expected inflation rate increases by more than the nominal interest rate. (D) it will decrease because the nominal interest rate has increased. (E) it will decrease if the expected inflation rate increases by more than the nominal interest rate. E which of the following statements is true about an expansionary fiscal policy? (A) it decreases demand for loanable funds. (B) it decreases the equilibrium price level. (C) it decreases the equilibrium real interest rate. (D) it increases aggregate demand. (E) it increases the money supply. D which of the following will most likely result from deflation? (A) increased nominal interest rates. (B) increased business profits. (C) increased real value of fixed incomes. (D) decreased purchasing power of cash. (E) decreased real wealth. C which of the following is a defining characteristic of a fractional reserve banking system? (A) the existence of a central bank with a monopoly on money creation. (B) the use of paper money backed by a commodity such as gold or silver. (C) the fact that banks retain an amount of bank reserves that is less than the amount of costumer demand deposits. (D) the requirement that banks maintain a certain percentage of their reserves as a deposit in an account at the central bank. (E) the regulations that separate investment banking from commercial banking. C a negative aggregate supply shock will result in which of the following in the short run? (A) an increase in the price level and a decrease in the unemployment rate. (B) a decrease in the price level and an increase in the unemployment rate. (C) a decrease in both the price level and real output. (D) an increase in both the price level and real output. (E) an increase in both the price level and the unemployment rate. E which of the following combinations of fiscal and monetary policies will correct a severe recession? (A) increasing income tax rates and decreasing the money supply. (B) increasing both the income tax rates and the money supply. (C) decreasing both the income tax rates and the money supply, (D) decreasing income tax rates and increasing the money supply. (E) decreasing income tax rates and increasing the federal funds rate. D which of the following would decrease the united states net exports to south korea? (A) south korean computer companies sell more computers to the united states. (B) south korean insurance companies provide fewer services to the united states. (C) south koreans spend more vacations in the united states. (D) united states banks provide more banking services to south korea. (E) united states smartphone companies sell more smartphones to south korea. A an increase in the purchases of newly constructed houses will result in which of the following? (A) aggregate demand will decrease as a result of a decrease in the price level. (B) aggregate demand will increase as a result of an increase in investment spending. (C) aggregate demand will increase as a result of an increase in exports, (D) aggregate demand will not change, since consumer spending has not changed. (E) aggregate demand will not change, since investment spending has not changed. B suppose that a country's nominal gross domestic product (GDP) was $1,000 in year 1 and $2,000 in year 2. if year 1 is the base year and real GDP in year 2 was $1,000, which of the following is true? (A) prices fell by 50% between year 1 and year 2. (B) prices doubled between year 1 and year 2. (C) prices remained the same between year 1 and year 2. (D) more goods and services were produced in year 2 than in year 1. (E) fewer goods and services were produced in year 2 than in year 1. B to decrease the money supply, a country's central bank can do which of the following? (A) sell government bonds. (B) decrease the discount rate. (C) decrease the required reserve ratio. (D) increase taxes. (E) increase government spending. A CONTINUED......