MAT 232: Statistical Literacy Week 5 Assignment 2023

MAT 232: Statistical Literacy Week 5 Assignment 2023. For the following pair of variables, state whether you believe the two variables are correlated. If you believe they are correlated, state whether the correlation is positive or negative. Explain your reasoning. The IQ scores and hat sizes of randomly selected adults Choose the correct answer below. A. The variables are not correlated B. Positive correlation because adults with larger hats tend to have higher IQs C. Negative correlation because adults with larger hats tend to have higher IQs 3/4/2021 Week 5 - Assignment2/14 3. 1: Data Table Consider the following table showing speed limits and death rates from automobile accidents in selected countries. Complete parts a and b. Click the icon to view the table. 1 a. Construct a scatter diagram of the data. Choose the correct graph below. A. 50 65 80 0 3 6 Speed limit (mph) Death rate B. 50 65 80 0 3 6 Death rate Speed limit (mph) C. 50 65 80 0 3 6 Speed limit (mph) Death rate b. Calculate the correlation coefficient of the data. Briefly characterize the correlation in words (for example, moderate positive correlation, weak negative correlation). r = 0.59 (Round to two decimal places as needed.)   Characterize the correlation in words. There is a moderate positive correlation.     Country Death rate (per 100 million vehicle-miles) Speed limit (miles per hour) 1 3.1 54 2 3.4 54 3 3.5 54 4 3.6 69 5 4.2 54 6 4.4 59 7 4.8 54 8 5.0 64 9 5.2 59 10 6.2 74 3/4/2021 Week 5 - Assignment3/14 4. 2: Data Table Consider the following table showing January mean monthly precipitation and mean daily high temperature for ten cities. Complete parts a through c. Click the icon to view the table. 2 a. Construct a scatter diagram for the data. Choose the correct graph below. A. 0 3 6 0 50 100 High temperature (F) Precipitation (inches) B. 0 3 6 0 50 100 Precipitation (inches) High temperature (F) C. 0 3 6 0 50 100 Precipitation (inches) High temperature (F) b. Calculate the correlation coefficient and briefly characterize the correlation in words. r = − 0.30 (Round to two decimal places as needed.) There is a weak negative correlation. c. Can you draw any general conclusions about January temperatures and precipitation from these data? A. Precipitation and mean high temperature are fairly uncorrelated. B. Precipitation and mean high temperature are fairly correlated. City Mean daily high temperature for January (°F) Mean January precipitation (inches) City 1 55 2.3 City 2 89 0.2 City 3 37 1.7 City 4 56 5.2 City 5 45 2.1 City 6 22 3.9 City 7 31 1.8 City 8 55 3.4 City 9 48 2.0 City 10 35 1.6 YOU ANSWERED: 0.304 3/4/2021 Week 5 - Assignment4/14 5. For the description below, state the correlation clearly. (For example, state that "there is a positive correlation between variable A and variable B.") Then state whether the correlation is most likely due to coincidence, a common underlying cause, or a direct cause. Explain your answer. In one state, the number of unregistered handguns steadily increased over the past several years, and the crime rate increased as well. What is the correlation? A. There is positive correlation between the number of unregistered handguns and an increase in crime rate. B. There is strong negative correlation between the number of unregistered handguns and an increase in crime rate. C. There is weak negative correlation between the number of unregistered handguns and an increase in crime rate. D. There is no correlation between the number of unregistered handguns and an increase in crime rate. Is the correlation most likely due to coincidence, a common underlying cause, or a direct cause? A. The correlation is most likely due to a direct cause. Many crimes are committed with handguns that are not registered. B. The correlation is most likely due to a common underlying cause. Many crimes are committed with handguns that are not registered. C. The correlation is most likely due to a common underlying cause. Many crimes are not committed with handguns. D. The correlation is most likely due to a coincidence. Despite an increase in unregistered handguns, many crimes are committed with handguns that are registered. 3/4/2021 Week 5 - Assignment5/14 6. For the description below, state the correlation clearly. (For example, state that "there is a positive correlation between variable A and variable B.") Then state whether the correlation is most likely due to coincidence, a common underlying cause, or a direct cause. Explain your answer. It has been found that as gas prices increase, the distances vehicles are driven tend to get shorter. What is the correlation? A. There is negative correlation between gas prices and the distances vehicles are driven. B. There is weak positive correlation between gas prices and the distances vehicles are driven. C. There is strong positive correlation between gas prices and the distances vehicles are driven. D. There is no correlation between gas prices and the distances vehicles are driven. Is the correlation most likely due to coincidence, a common underlying cause, or a direct cause? A. The correlation is most likely due to a direct cause. As gas prices increase by large amounts, people can't afford to drive as much, so they cut costs by driving less. B. The correlation is most likely due to a common underlying cause. As gas prices increase by large amounts, people want to purchase more gas. C. The correlation is most likely due to a coincidence. An increase in gas price does not affect distances traveled. D. The correlation is most likely due to a direct cause. As gas prices increase by large amounts, people want to purchase more gas. YOU ANSWERED: C. 3/4/2021 Week 5 - Assignment6/14 7. 3: Data Table The following table gives measurements of weight and shoe size for 10 people (including both men and women). a. Construct a scatterplot for the data. Compute the correlation coefficient. Based on this correlation coefficient, are shoe size and weight correlated? b. It is later discovered that the first five data values in the table are for women and the next five are for men. How does this change your view of the correlation? Is it still reasonable to conclude that shoe size and weight are correlated? Click the icon to view the table. 3 a. Which scatterplot below displays the data? A. 100 200 4 13 Weight (pounds) Shoe size B. 100 200 4 13 Weight (pounds) Shoe size C. 100 200 4 13 Weight (pounds) Shoe size D. 100 200 4 13 Weight (pounds) Shoe size The correlation coefficient for the data is r= 0.87 . (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Based on this correlation coefficient, are shoe size and weight correlated? A. Yes. Shoe size and weight are correlated because the linear correlation coefficient is close to 1. B. No. Shoe size and weight are not correlated because the linear correlation coefficient is close to 0. C. Yes. Shoe size and weight are correlated because the linear correlation coefficient is close to 0. D. No. Shoe size and weight are not correlated because the linear correlation coefficient is close to 1. b. How does knowing that the first five data values in the table are for women and the next five are for men change your view of the correlation? A. Within each group, the correlation is the same as the overall correlation. B. Within each group, the correlation is less strong than the overall correlation. C. Within each group, the correlation is stronger than the overall correlation. D. Within each group, the correlation is negative. Is it still reasonable to conclude that shoe size and weight are correlated? A. No. If the data are separated into groups for women and men, each group has a strong correlation. B. Yes. If the data are separated into groups for women and men, each group has a strong correlation. C. No. If the data are separated into groups for women and men, the correlation for each group is not strong. D. Yes. If the data are separated into groups for women and men, the correlation for each group is not strong.