GRADE 12 HISTORY [ESSAY NOTES]
. THE SOUTH AFRICAN ROAD TO DEMOCRACY
DEFINITION OF TERMS
(a) Apartheid: a policy that discriminate people according to race, it was adopted
by National party in 1948.
(b) Armed struggle : act of using weapons(arms) to fight against the
government. Armed struggle was carried out to attain political freedom.
Armed struggle was used by both ANC’s military wings (MK and POQO) to
fight against the Apartheid regime.
(c) Assassination: deliberate or planned killing of a political leader.
(d) Compromise: giving in / conceding another’s demand in order to break a
deadlock.
(e) Consensus : an agreement that is reached by various parties regarding key
issues.
(f) Constitution: a legal document by which a country is governed. Constitution
is intended to protect all citizens of our land and in turn all citizens are obliged
to obey the highest law in the land.
(g) Constituent Assembly : a body elected to draw up a new constitution.
(h) Democracy: a system of government in which a leader is an elected
representative of the people.
Democracy : a government of the people, for the people and by the people
Democracy : is a political system in which citizens of a country vote for
people to represent them in parliament. The government is accountable to the
people. It can be voted out in the next election if the people are not happy with
its performance. A democratic system is meant to promote and protect human
rights.
(i) Human Rights : are the rights of each individual person. These rights include
freedom of speech, freedom of religion or belief, freedom of movement and
freedom of political association.
(j) Negotiation: process of talks aimed at avoiding a conflict and ensure
solution to problem/s.
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, (k) Negotiation: reaching an agreement by talking to others.
(l) Negotiated settlement: an agreement between different sides based upon
formal discussion between them.
(m)Protest : an action or words that shows that one is angry or disapproving.
(n) Referendum: a voting procedure in which the voters are asked to vote in
favour of or against a particular proposal.
(o) Stalemate : deadlock, a situation in which no progress ca be made, where
both opposing sides do not agree.
(p) Sabotage: acts of destruction carried out to cause disorder or inconvenience.
(q) State of Emergency: a period in which a government use excessive force to
maintain order.
A proclamation issued by a country’s government to give extended powers to
the police and army in order to suppress unrest.
(r) Third Force: the name the ANC gave to a secret group or political faction that
was responsible to political violence and political killings in South Africa.
ACRONYMS
(a) CODESA : Convention for a Democratic South Africa
(b) COSAG : Concerned South African Group
(c) GNU: Government of National Unity
(d) MK: Umkhonto We Sizwe, the ANC military wing
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. THE SOUTH AFRICAN ROAD TO DEMOCRACY
DEFINITION OF TERMS
(a) Apartheid: a policy that discriminate people according to race, it was adopted
by National party in 1948.
(b) Armed struggle : act of using weapons(arms) to fight against the
government. Armed struggle was carried out to attain political freedom.
Armed struggle was used by both ANC’s military wings (MK and POQO) to
fight against the Apartheid regime.
(c) Assassination: deliberate or planned killing of a political leader.
(d) Compromise: giving in / conceding another’s demand in order to break a
deadlock.
(e) Consensus : an agreement that is reached by various parties regarding key
issues.
(f) Constitution: a legal document by which a country is governed. Constitution
is intended to protect all citizens of our land and in turn all citizens are obliged
to obey the highest law in the land.
(g) Constituent Assembly : a body elected to draw up a new constitution.
(h) Democracy: a system of government in which a leader is an elected
representative of the people.
Democracy : a government of the people, for the people and by the people
Democracy : is a political system in which citizens of a country vote for
people to represent them in parliament. The government is accountable to the
people. It can be voted out in the next election if the people are not happy with
its performance. A democratic system is meant to promote and protect human
rights.
(i) Human Rights : are the rights of each individual person. These rights include
freedom of speech, freedom of religion or belief, freedom of movement and
freedom of political association.
(j) Negotiation: process of talks aimed at avoiding a conflict and ensure
solution to problem/s.
1|Page
, (k) Negotiation: reaching an agreement by talking to others.
(l) Negotiated settlement: an agreement between different sides based upon
formal discussion between them.
(m)Protest : an action or words that shows that one is angry or disapproving.
(n) Referendum: a voting procedure in which the voters are asked to vote in
favour of or against a particular proposal.
(o) Stalemate : deadlock, a situation in which no progress ca be made, where
both opposing sides do not agree.
(p) Sabotage: acts of destruction carried out to cause disorder or inconvenience.
(q) State of Emergency: a period in which a government use excessive force to
maintain order.
A proclamation issued by a country’s government to give extended powers to
the police and army in order to suppress unrest.
(r) Third Force: the name the ANC gave to a secret group or political faction that
was responsible to political violence and political killings in South Africa.
ACRONYMS
(a) CODESA : Convention for a Democratic South Africa
(b) COSAG : Concerned South African Group
(c) GNU: Government of National Unity
(d) MK: Umkhonto We Sizwe, the ANC military wing
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