1
Images are AI-generated and based on typical examination questions.
Resources: DBE NSC NOV 2022 -2025
Important
These study notes are revised and updated annually to align with the CAPS curriculum
and current examination requirements. This document is based on questions from
previous November examination papers.
The Term 1 Study Notes, Term 2/June Examination Study Notes and Term 3/Preliminary
Examination Study Notes already cover the core Paper 2 content. To avoid unnecessary
repetition, this booklet focuses on:
• content and questions not previously covered;
• more challenging ways in which familiar content may be assessed;
• the application and interpretation of geographical knowledge; and
• additional exam-style questions, diagrams, maps, graphs and case studies.
Where content has already been explained sufficiently, learners will be directed to the
relevant topic and page in the appropriate earlier study notes.
REMEMBER: These Final Examination Study Notes must be used together with the Term
1 Study Notes, Term 2/June Examination Study Notes and Term 3/Preliminary
Examination Study Notes. This booklet does not replace the earlier notes.
These notes are designed to help learners:
• identify important examination patterns;
• practise more challenging questions;
• apply their knowledge to unfamiliar sources; and
• prepare effectively for the Final Examination.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 2
To ensure that learners use the most relevant and up-to-date content, parents and
learners are encouraged to confirm that they have the latest version. If you are unsure,
please contact:
Please note that these notes are a structured study aid for examination preparation and
do not replace the prescribed textbook or classroom instruction.
Good luck!
Juffrou Ansie
Contents
Settlement Geography ............................................................................................. 3
Rural Settlements ................................................................................................. 3
Issues in Rural Settlements ................................................................................... 3
Urban Structure and Patterns ................................................................................ 5
Issues in Urban Settlements .................................................................................. 7
Economic Geography of South Africa ...................................................................... 10
Primary Sector ................................................................................................... 10
Secondary Sector ............................................................................................... 12
Tertiary and Informal Sector ................................................................................ 14
Food Security ..................................................................................................... 15
Industrial Development Strategies ....................................................................... 17
Trade and Trade Balance ..................................................................................... 19
Mapwork and GIS ................................................................................................... 19
Topographical and Orthophoto Maps ................................................................... 19
GIS Concepts, Applications and Calculations....................................................... 21
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 3
Settlement Geography
Rural Settlements
REVISION REFERENCE
The core content and earlier exam-style questions on rural settlements have already
been covered. Before completing the additional Final Examination questions, revise:
• Term 2/June Examination Study Notes: pages 45–48 and 53–55
• Term 3/Preliminary Paper 2 Study Notes: pages 2–6
The questions that follow assess settlement classification, rural settlement
patterns, settlement hierarchy, site, situation and rural depopulation in different
contexts.
Issues in Rural Settlements
REVISION REFERENCE
Rural social justice issues, land reform and rural development have already been
covered. Revise:
• Term 2/June Examination Study Notes: pages 48 and 55–56
• Term 3/Preliminary Paper 2 Study Notes: pages 7–10
The questions that follow apply rural challenges, land reform and development
strategies to unfamiliar sources and case studies.
_____________________________________________________________
Refer to the extract and graph below based on rural depopulation. DBE NSC NOV 2023 P2
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
Images are AI-generated and based on typical examination questions.
Resources: DBE NSC NOV 2022 -2025
Important
These study notes are revised and updated annually to align with the CAPS curriculum
and current examination requirements. This document is based on questions from
previous November examination papers.
The Term 1 Study Notes, Term 2/June Examination Study Notes and Term 3/Preliminary
Examination Study Notes already cover the core Paper 2 content. To avoid unnecessary
repetition, this booklet focuses on:
• content and questions not previously covered;
• more challenging ways in which familiar content may be assessed;
• the application and interpretation of geographical knowledge; and
• additional exam-style questions, diagrams, maps, graphs and case studies.
Where content has already been explained sufficiently, learners will be directed to the
relevant topic and page in the appropriate earlier study notes.
REMEMBER: These Final Examination Study Notes must be used together with the Term
1 Study Notes, Term 2/June Examination Study Notes and Term 3/Preliminary
Examination Study Notes. This booklet does not replace the earlier notes.
These notes are designed to help learners:
• identify important examination patterns;
• practise more challenging questions;
• apply their knowledge to unfamiliar sources; and
• prepare effectively for the Final Examination.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 2
To ensure that learners use the most relevant and up-to-date content, parents and
learners are encouraged to confirm that they have the latest version. If you are unsure,
please contact:
Please note that these notes are a structured study aid for examination preparation and
do not replace the prescribed textbook or classroom instruction.
Good luck!
Juffrou Ansie
Contents
Settlement Geography ............................................................................................. 3
Rural Settlements ................................................................................................. 3
Issues in Rural Settlements ................................................................................... 3
Urban Structure and Patterns ................................................................................ 5
Issues in Urban Settlements .................................................................................. 7
Economic Geography of South Africa ...................................................................... 10
Primary Sector ................................................................................................... 10
Secondary Sector ............................................................................................... 12
Tertiary and Informal Sector ................................................................................ 14
Food Security ..................................................................................................... 15
Industrial Development Strategies ....................................................................... 17
Trade and Trade Balance ..................................................................................... 19
Mapwork and GIS ................................................................................................... 19
Topographical and Orthophoto Maps ................................................................... 19
GIS Concepts, Applications and Calculations....................................................... 21
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 3
Settlement Geography
Rural Settlements
REVISION REFERENCE
The core content and earlier exam-style questions on rural settlements have already
been covered. Before completing the additional Final Examination questions, revise:
• Term 2/June Examination Study Notes: pages 45–48 and 53–55
• Term 3/Preliminary Paper 2 Study Notes: pages 2–6
The questions that follow assess settlement classification, rural settlement
patterns, settlement hierarchy, site, situation and rural depopulation in different
contexts.
Issues in Rural Settlements
REVISION REFERENCE
Rural social justice issues, land reform and rural development have already been
covered. Revise:
• Term 2/June Examination Study Notes: pages 48 and 55–56
• Term 3/Preliminary Paper 2 Study Notes: pages 7–10
The questions that follow apply rural challenges, land reform and development
strategies to unfamiliar sources and case studies.
_____________________________________________________________
Refer to the extract and graph below based on rural depopulation. DBE NSC NOV 2023 P2
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
