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Algebraic expressions and patterns

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For 15 years of helping learners as tutor, most learners especially from 7th grade still struggle with algebra and that makes it difficult for the learners to be able to continue with other sections. This is fundamental of all sections in mathematics and notes are from grade 8 to 11, then grade 12.

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COMPILED BY: MOAKAMEDI MOJAKI CHARLES
(FOUNDER OF ARDEN TUTORIAL)




1

,TABLE OF CONTENT(S)

1. NUMBERS………………………………………………………………………page 3

2. BASIC MATHEMATICS………………………………………………….page 4

3. SIMPLIFY……………………………….……………………………………….page 5

4. SOLVE FOR X………………………..……………………………………….page 10

5. COMPLETING THE SQUARE….……………………………………page 15

6. SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION……………………………………….page 18

7. WORD PROBLEMS………………………………………………………..page 22

8. SEQUENCE AND SERIES……………………………………………….page 27




2

,1. NUMBERS




3

, 2. Basic MATHEMATICS
Sum –the results of addition.
2+3 =5

Difference- the result of subtraction
7-3=4

Product-result of multiplication
4 7=28

Quotient-result of division
72/3=24

Prime numbers- the number that has only two factors, one and itself.
1; 2; 3; 5; 7; 11; 13; 17; 19; 23; long as the number is not repetition of previous numbers.

Factors-number that divides exactly into a whole number with no remainder.
18 =9 2 or 18=3 6 or 18=18 1 the numbers 9,2,3, 1 are factors of 18 if they are arranged as
indicated.

Divisible- no remainder after the division between numbers.
9/3 =3 or 10/5=2 quotient is whole number then 9 is divisible by 3 or 10 is divisible by 5.

Highest common factor- Highest factor that can be divisible in two different numbers.

24=2 2 2 3
28=2 2 7 the number 28 is not divisible by 3 while 24 is not divisible by 7.
2 2 2 =8 where 28 is not divisible by 8, but 2 2=4. 28 and 24 are both divisible by 4,
Their HCF is 4.

Lowest common multiple- a number that appears first and common when expanding a two or
more numbers.
9 =9; 18; 36; 72; 144; ..
6 =6; 12; 18; 24; 30; …. The lowest common factor of 9 and 6 is 18.

Lowest common denominator – On fractions is the lowest single number that can represent all
the denominators.




Constant ratio- comparison of two consecutive numbers.
1; 2; 4; 8

Constant difference- common result that appears as result of difference between current and
previous terms.
1; 3; 5; 7…. Constant difference =7-5 =5-3 =3-1 =2

Multiplicative inverse- a number that multiplies the whole number or fraction resulting in
One as the product. can be multiplied by to obtain 1 or 2 can be multiplied by .




4

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Uploaded on
August 6, 2026
Number of pages
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Written in
2026/2027
Type
Class notes
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