A Y309/01 Question Paper and Mark Scheme (June 2025) for the thematic study The Ascendancy of the Ottoman Empire 1453–1606. Includes examiner‑approved questions, source‑based analysis, and detailed marking guidance covering topics such as:



Fall of Constantinople (1453)



Expansion under Mehmed II and Suleiman the Magnificent



Ottoman military, political, and economic structures



Relations with European powers and Venice



Religious authority, culture, and administration