Student Learning Guide Answer Key 1
Student Learning Guide Answer Key
CHAPTER 1 f. Nursing directed at both illness and main-
taining health.
Terminology g. Nursing should be taught by nurses.
Answers will be individual. h. Continuing education is essential for
1. Transition to practice is a program for newly nurses.
licensed nurses involving a minimum 6 month 2. a. Functional nursing—performance of a
preceptorship and ongoing support during the series of nursing tasks.
first year of nursing practice. b. Team nursing—tasks were assigned to
2. Nursing theory is based on relationships team members and the leader coordinated
among concepts and facts and not on actual care.
knowledge. c. Total patient care—one nurse carried out
3. Evidence-based nursing is integrating the best all nursing tasks for a patient.
research evidence with clinical expertise and d. Primary nursing—one nurse plans and
patient values to facilitate clinical decision- directs care for a patient over a 24-hour
making. period.
4. Clinical practice guidelines are the product e. Relationship-based care—emphasizes three
of evidence-based research, and they serve as critical relationships: (1) the relationship
a way for nurses to implement the evidence- between caregivers and the patients and
based practices. families they serve; (2) the caregiver’s re-
5. The nursing process is a systematic way to lationship with him- or herself; and (3) the
deliver nursing care that combines art and sci- relationship among health team members.
ence. f. Patient-centered care—patient care that is
respectful of the patient and responsive to
Short Answer: Acronyms individual preferences, needs, and values.
1. The hospital receives a predetermined amount 3. Evidence-based nursing describes nursing care
of money for caring for a person with a par- that uses the best research evidence coupled
ticular DRG such as pneumonia. with the clinical expertise of the clinician, con-
2. An HMO is a type of group medical practice sidering the values of the patient.
where patients are enrolled for a set monthly 4. Any four of the following:
fee and then receive the services of a limited a. Desire and capability to teach
network of doctors, hospitals, and other health b. Ability to listen
care providers. c. Belief in holistic care (attention to psycho-
3. The Affordable Care Act has created health social as well as physical care)
insurance exchanges, expanded eligibility for d. Good therapeutic communicator
Medicaid, allowed young adults to remain on e. Able to collaborate with others
their parents’ insurance through age 26, and f. Ability to delegate tasks to others
stopped insurance providers from denying g. Willing to give basic care to help another
coverage for preexisting conditions. (bathing, toileting)
h. Concern for the patient’s well-being
Short Answer i. Ability to give emotional support
1. Any four of the following: j. Ability to advocate for the patient
a. Stressed a clean environment. k. Ability to plan care in an organized fashion
b. Included good nutrition in her care. l. Ability to efficiently implement care
c. Kept records and statistics to show validity
of her nursing practices.
d. Started nurse training schools.
e. Felt holistic care was essential (meeting
psychosocial as well as physical needs).
Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1
,2 Student Learning Guide Answer Key
5. STEPS TOWARD BETTER COMMUNICATION
LPN/LVN Registered Nurse
Completion
12-18 months of formal 2-5 years of formal 1. delegator
training training 2. foster
Trained to care for the Trained to care for the 3. sought
well or chronically ill acutely ill as well as the 4. controversy
chronically ill; teach 5. implement
preventive health care 6. criteria
7. prior
6. Protect the public and define the legal scope of 8. vigilant
practice for nurses. 9. skyrocket
Review Questions for the Next Generation Vocabulary Exercises
NCLEX® Examination 1. Assessment: test evaluation
1. 1 2. Diagnosis: finding, conclusion drawing
2. practical 3. Outcome: removal result
3. 2 4. Implementation: carrying out
4. Lillian Wald making equipment
5. 2 5. Evaluation: measurement analysis
6. 2 6. Collegiality: education
7. 1, 2, 4 relationship with other workers
8. 3
9. 1 Word Attack Skills
10. 1, 4 1. a. He attributed his success to his attributes
11. nurse, patient, health care agency of hard work and honesty.
12. 1 b. The use of the surgical implements was
implemented with a training session.
Critical Thinking Activities 2. c
1. Definition should include caring for the sick,
promoting wellness, providing health teaching,
giving emotional support, and attending to CHAPTER 2
psychosocial concerns. Each person’s definition
will be different. Terminology
2. Make a list of the group’s ideas. Areas to 1. g
include are assessing patients, completing 2. d
data analysis/problem identification, stating 3. h
expected outcomes, planning interventions 4. f
to meet the outcomes, directly implementing 5. j
the actions, and evaluating the outcome of 6. k
the plan. Other ways could be quality assur- 7. i
ance activities on the nursing unit; attending 8. e
continuing education presentations or reading 9. c
journals; assisting students or new nurses on 10. a
the unit; maintaining an ethical manner (not 11. b
divulging confidential information); collaborat-
ing with the dietitian, physician, respiratory Short Answer
therapist, or physical therapist on the patient’s 1. Health is a state of complete physical, men-
plan of care; considering cost-effective ways to tal, and social well-being and not merely the
implement care; and applying research find- absence of disease or infirmity.
ings to care. 2. Any three of the following:
a. Watching dietary intake to avoid becoming
overweight
Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
, Student Learning Guide Answer Key 3
b. Engaging in a regular exercise program 3. cultural
c. Obtaining immunization against commu- 4. unique individual
nicable disease 5. biologic, psychological, social, and spiritual
d. Having regular physical exams 6. coping mechanisms
3. a. Consulting a physician or nurse 7. physiologic, safety and security; love and be-
b. Consulting a pharmacist longing; self-esteem; self-actualization
c. Visiting a neighborhood health clinic 8. people cope
d. Taking prescribed medicine 9. coping
4. Helping people cope with adverse physiologic, 10. stress
psychosocial, and spiritual responses to illness. 11. sympathetic nervous system; fight or flight
5. a. Perception of the stressor 12. hormones
b. Degree of health and fitness
c. Previous life experiences and personality Review Questions for the Next Generation
d. Social support system available NCLEX® Examination
e. Personal coping mechanisms 1. 1, 2, 6, 7, 8
2. 1, 2, 3, 4
Completion 3. 4
1. high-level wellness; Dunn
2. an active part
4.
Priority Number Maslow Category Patient Statement(s) Relating to Maslow Category
1 Physiologic “I’m hungry – when is lunch coming?” “Is it time for my pain
medication yet? My pain is 7/10 right now.”
2 Safety and Security “Thank you for answering my call light quickly.”
3 Love and Belonging “The thing I dislike most about being hospitalized is not be-
ing able to cuddle with my wife.” “I am joining the American
Association of Kidney Patients support group.”
4 Self-esteem “I did great with my dressing change, didn’t I?”
5 Self-actualization “Which composer wrote that piece playing overhead, Mozart
or Beethoven?” “Did you know that nursing process can be de-
scribed by quantum physics?”
5. 4 religious leader; attentive listening; exploring
6. 2 concerns.
7. 1, 3 2. Fatigue makes one want to rest more. Fever
8. 1 may cause one to lie down and rest and it helps
eliminate invading organisms. Coughing ex-
Matching pels secretions and viral debris. Malaise makes
1. Sympathetic one slow down.
2. Sympathetic 3. Sweaty palms, rapid pulse, muscle tenseness,
3. Parasympathetic anxiety, shakiness, (others).
4. Parasympathetic 4. a. Obtaining information to decrease fear of
5. Sympathetic the unknown.
6. Sympathetic b. Listening to concerns and fears.
c. Enhancing healthy coping skills such as
Critical Thinking Activities providing quiet time for meditation.
1. Psychosocial assessment, calling in a social d. Meeting needs efficiently.
worker, calling a pastor or priest or other
Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
, 4 Student Learning Guide Answer Key
STEPS TOWARD BETTER COMMUNICATION CHAPTER 3
Completion Terminology
1. adverse Examples will be individual.
2. hygiene 1. Accepting responsibility for one’s actions.
3. nonadherent Example: A nurse accepts accountability for the
4. perception care provided by the aide to whom a task was
5. alters assigned.
6. intervene 2. Communicated in confidence; secret; kept pri-
7. emerge vate. Example: The patient’s history is confiden-
8. deviation tial.
9. maladaptive 3. Sensible and caring behavior. Example: A pru-
10. resolves dent nurse follows the correct procedure for
catheterization.
Vocabulary Exercises 4. There is failure to perform in a reasonable and
1. Biologic b, f prudent manner. Example: A nurse fails to no-
2. Psychosocial a, c tify the charge nurse or primary care provider
3. Spiritual d, e when a patient with a fresh cast complains of
pain and numbness.
Word Attack Skills 5. Malpractice is negligence by a professional
person; failure to act according to professional
Opposites standards of care as a reasonable and prudent
1. minimum, adverse professional would. Example: A licensed nurse
2. ignore fails to heed signs of toxic overdose of medi-
3. clear, specific cation and continues to administer the drug,
4. dynamic, active causing harm to the patient.
5. atrophy, stagnate 6. Making remarks about a person that are untrue
6. good luck, good fortune and that damage the person’s reputation.
7. overreact Example: The nurse told a patient that another
8. good health, feel good nurse had been disciplined for taking patient’s
medications when this was not true.
Communication Exercises 7. Physical contact that was against the person’s
Examples: will or consent. Example: A feeding tube was
1. a. Culture Believe in preventive placed in a patient although no consent was
health care given for its placement.
b. Religion Prayers for better 8. Written defamation of character; untrue and
health can be damaging words. Example: The newspaper
answered committed libel in printing untrue statements
c. Standard Can afford to go to about the doctor’s treatment of the patient.
of living the doctor 9. Violating the right to privacy concerning one’s
d. Support Family and friends body and private information without the
system available to help person’s consent. Example: Two unit secretaries
e. Genetic Susceptible to heart discuss the number of abortions a patient has
influence disease had.
2. Examples: 10. Oral statements that are false or that injure
a. Wearing seat belts and helmets for danger- another’s reputation. Example: A nurse makes a
ous sports false statement to the effect that another nurse
b. Obtaining a cancer screening forged a license card and is not entitled to be a
c. Eating well-balanced meals nurse.
3. Answers will depend on the individual. Ver- 11. Assault is the threat of harm to an individual.
balization will increase expertise at pronuncia- Example: When the patient attempts to get out
tion and sentence structure. of bed, the nurse pushes him down and straps
4. Answers will depend on the individual. his arms to the bed rails.
Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Student Learning Guide Answer Key
CHAPTER 1 f. Nursing directed at both illness and main-
taining health.
Terminology g. Nursing should be taught by nurses.
Answers will be individual. h. Continuing education is essential for
1. Transition to practice is a program for newly nurses.
licensed nurses involving a minimum 6 month 2. a. Functional nursing—performance of a
preceptorship and ongoing support during the series of nursing tasks.
first year of nursing practice. b. Team nursing—tasks were assigned to
2. Nursing theory is based on relationships team members and the leader coordinated
among concepts and facts and not on actual care.
knowledge. c. Total patient care—one nurse carried out
3. Evidence-based nursing is integrating the best all nursing tasks for a patient.
research evidence with clinical expertise and d. Primary nursing—one nurse plans and
patient values to facilitate clinical decision- directs care for a patient over a 24-hour
making. period.
4. Clinical practice guidelines are the product e. Relationship-based care—emphasizes three
of evidence-based research, and they serve as critical relationships: (1) the relationship
a way for nurses to implement the evidence- between caregivers and the patients and
based practices. families they serve; (2) the caregiver’s re-
5. The nursing process is a systematic way to lationship with him- or herself; and (3) the
deliver nursing care that combines art and sci- relationship among health team members.
ence. f. Patient-centered care—patient care that is
respectful of the patient and responsive to
Short Answer: Acronyms individual preferences, needs, and values.
1. The hospital receives a predetermined amount 3. Evidence-based nursing describes nursing care
of money for caring for a person with a par- that uses the best research evidence coupled
ticular DRG such as pneumonia. with the clinical expertise of the clinician, con-
2. An HMO is a type of group medical practice sidering the values of the patient.
where patients are enrolled for a set monthly 4. Any four of the following:
fee and then receive the services of a limited a. Desire and capability to teach
network of doctors, hospitals, and other health b. Ability to listen
care providers. c. Belief in holistic care (attention to psycho-
3. The Affordable Care Act has created health social as well as physical care)
insurance exchanges, expanded eligibility for d. Good therapeutic communicator
Medicaid, allowed young adults to remain on e. Able to collaborate with others
their parents’ insurance through age 26, and f. Ability to delegate tasks to others
stopped insurance providers from denying g. Willing to give basic care to help another
coverage for preexisting conditions. (bathing, toileting)
h. Concern for the patient’s well-being
Short Answer i. Ability to give emotional support
1. Any four of the following: j. Ability to advocate for the patient
a. Stressed a clean environment. k. Ability to plan care in an organized fashion
b. Included good nutrition in her care. l. Ability to efficiently implement care
c. Kept records and statistics to show validity
of her nursing practices.
d. Started nurse training schools.
e. Felt holistic care was essential (meeting
psychosocial as well as physical needs).
Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1
,2 Student Learning Guide Answer Key
5. STEPS TOWARD BETTER COMMUNICATION
LPN/LVN Registered Nurse
Completion
12-18 months of formal 2-5 years of formal 1. delegator
training training 2. foster
Trained to care for the Trained to care for the 3. sought
well or chronically ill acutely ill as well as the 4. controversy
chronically ill; teach 5. implement
preventive health care 6. criteria
7. prior
6. Protect the public and define the legal scope of 8. vigilant
practice for nurses. 9. skyrocket
Review Questions for the Next Generation Vocabulary Exercises
NCLEX® Examination 1. Assessment: test evaluation
1. 1 2. Diagnosis: finding, conclusion drawing
2. practical 3. Outcome: removal result
3. 2 4. Implementation: carrying out
4. Lillian Wald making equipment
5. 2 5. Evaluation: measurement analysis
6. 2 6. Collegiality: education
7. 1, 2, 4 relationship with other workers
8. 3
9. 1 Word Attack Skills
10. 1, 4 1. a. He attributed his success to his attributes
11. nurse, patient, health care agency of hard work and honesty.
12. 1 b. The use of the surgical implements was
implemented with a training session.
Critical Thinking Activities 2. c
1. Definition should include caring for the sick,
promoting wellness, providing health teaching,
giving emotional support, and attending to CHAPTER 2
psychosocial concerns. Each person’s definition
will be different. Terminology
2. Make a list of the group’s ideas. Areas to 1. g
include are assessing patients, completing 2. d
data analysis/problem identification, stating 3. h
expected outcomes, planning interventions 4. f
to meet the outcomes, directly implementing 5. j
the actions, and evaluating the outcome of 6. k
the plan. Other ways could be quality assur- 7. i
ance activities on the nursing unit; attending 8. e
continuing education presentations or reading 9. c
journals; assisting students or new nurses on 10. a
the unit; maintaining an ethical manner (not 11. b
divulging confidential information); collaborat-
ing with the dietitian, physician, respiratory Short Answer
therapist, or physical therapist on the patient’s 1. Health is a state of complete physical, men-
plan of care; considering cost-effective ways to tal, and social well-being and not merely the
implement care; and applying research find- absence of disease or infirmity.
ings to care. 2. Any three of the following:
a. Watching dietary intake to avoid becoming
overweight
Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
, Student Learning Guide Answer Key 3
b. Engaging in a regular exercise program 3. cultural
c. Obtaining immunization against commu- 4. unique individual
nicable disease 5. biologic, psychological, social, and spiritual
d. Having regular physical exams 6. coping mechanisms
3. a. Consulting a physician or nurse 7. physiologic, safety and security; love and be-
b. Consulting a pharmacist longing; self-esteem; self-actualization
c. Visiting a neighborhood health clinic 8. people cope
d. Taking prescribed medicine 9. coping
4. Helping people cope with adverse physiologic, 10. stress
psychosocial, and spiritual responses to illness. 11. sympathetic nervous system; fight or flight
5. a. Perception of the stressor 12. hormones
b. Degree of health and fitness
c. Previous life experiences and personality Review Questions for the Next Generation
d. Social support system available NCLEX® Examination
e. Personal coping mechanisms 1. 1, 2, 6, 7, 8
2. 1, 2, 3, 4
Completion 3. 4
1. high-level wellness; Dunn
2. an active part
4.
Priority Number Maslow Category Patient Statement(s) Relating to Maslow Category
1 Physiologic “I’m hungry – when is lunch coming?” “Is it time for my pain
medication yet? My pain is 7/10 right now.”
2 Safety and Security “Thank you for answering my call light quickly.”
3 Love and Belonging “The thing I dislike most about being hospitalized is not be-
ing able to cuddle with my wife.” “I am joining the American
Association of Kidney Patients support group.”
4 Self-esteem “I did great with my dressing change, didn’t I?”
5 Self-actualization “Which composer wrote that piece playing overhead, Mozart
or Beethoven?” “Did you know that nursing process can be de-
scribed by quantum physics?”
5. 4 religious leader; attentive listening; exploring
6. 2 concerns.
7. 1, 3 2. Fatigue makes one want to rest more. Fever
8. 1 may cause one to lie down and rest and it helps
eliminate invading organisms. Coughing ex-
Matching pels secretions and viral debris. Malaise makes
1. Sympathetic one slow down.
2. Sympathetic 3. Sweaty palms, rapid pulse, muscle tenseness,
3. Parasympathetic anxiety, shakiness, (others).
4. Parasympathetic 4. a. Obtaining information to decrease fear of
5. Sympathetic the unknown.
6. Sympathetic b. Listening to concerns and fears.
c. Enhancing healthy coping skills such as
Critical Thinking Activities providing quiet time for meditation.
1. Psychosocial assessment, calling in a social d. Meeting needs efficiently.
worker, calling a pastor or priest or other
Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
, 4 Student Learning Guide Answer Key
STEPS TOWARD BETTER COMMUNICATION CHAPTER 3
Completion Terminology
1. adverse Examples will be individual.
2. hygiene 1. Accepting responsibility for one’s actions.
3. nonadherent Example: A nurse accepts accountability for the
4. perception care provided by the aide to whom a task was
5. alters assigned.
6. intervene 2. Communicated in confidence; secret; kept pri-
7. emerge vate. Example: The patient’s history is confiden-
8. deviation tial.
9. maladaptive 3. Sensible and caring behavior. Example: A pru-
10. resolves dent nurse follows the correct procedure for
catheterization.
Vocabulary Exercises 4. There is failure to perform in a reasonable and
1. Biologic b, f prudent manner. Example: A nurse fails to no-
2. Psychosocial a, c tify the charge nurse or primary care provider
3. Spiritual d, e when a patient with a fresh cast complains of
pain and numbness.
Word Attack Skills 5. Malpractice is negligence by a professional
person; failure to act according to professional
Opposites standards of care as a reasonable and prudent
1. minimum, adverse professional would. Example: A licensed nurse
2. ignore fails to heed signs of toxic overdose of medi-
3. clear, specific cation and continues to administer the drug,
4. dynamic, active causing harm to the patient.
5. atrophy, stagnate 6. Making remarks about a person that are untrue
6. good luck, good fortune and that damage the person’s reputation.
7. overreact Example: The nurse told a patient that another
8. good health, feel good nurse had been disciplined for taking patient’s
medications when this was not true.
Communication Exercises 7. Physical contact that was against the person’s
Examples: will or consent. Example: A feeding tube was
1. a. Culture Believe in preventive placed in a patient although no consent was
health care given for its placement.
b. Religion Prayers for better 8. Written defamation of character; untrue and
health can be damaging words. Example: The newspaper
answered committed libel in printing untrue statements
c. Standard Can afford to go to about the doctor’s treatment of the patient.
of living the doctor 9. Violating the right to privacy concerning one’s
d. Support Family and friends body and private information without the
system available to help person’s consent. Example: Two unit secretaries
e. Genetic Susceptible to heart discuss the number of abortions a patient has
influence disease had.
2. Examples: 10. Oral statements that are false or that injure
a. Wearing seat belts and helmets for danger- another’s reputation. Example: A nurse makes a
ous sports false statement to the effect that another nurse
b. Obtaining a cancer screening forged a license card and is not entitled to be a
c. Eating well-balanced meals nurse.
3. Answers will depend on the individual. Ver- 11. Assault is the threat of harm to an individual.
balization will increase expertise at pronuncia- Example: When the patient attempts to get out
tion and sentence structure. of bed, the nurse pushes him down and straps
4. Answers will depend on the individual. his arms to the bed rails.
Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
