Dit is een samenvatting van het dictaat: Introduction van het vak Schone Watersystemen
CTB1215-25, de powerpoint en notities.
Clean Water Systems
Introduction
1.Water quality for engineers
a. Earth is 73% water, only 0,5% fresh water
i. 66% groundwater and 34% surface water
1.1. Hydrological cycle
a. Water continuously moving
b. Quality of phase of water change in the moving
c. Natural processes :
a. precipitation, evaporation, transpiration,
groundwater flow and streamflow
1.2. Urban water cycle
a. Part of the hydrological cycle
b. Abstraction from the source to the used environment
a. Example : drink water in groundwater
1.3. Access to water for drinking, hygiene &
agriculture
a. In the Ndl, drinking water consumption is on average 110-
130l per person per day
b. Previous century surface water polluted
a. Rhine, EU’s sewer
c. Industry uses water for cooling
a. Groundwater is attractive because the temperature is
constant
d. Agricultural water used for irrigation of farmland or
greenhouses
a. Problems with pesticides, …
1.4. A healthy environment today and in the future
a. The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) decides on
the water quality in the EU
a. Healthy water for aquatic life
b. Easy to make drink water from
b. Kaderrichtlijn Water (KRW) decides on the water standard
in Ndl
c. Groundwater ideal
a. Nowadays infiltration of contamination happens
d. Climate change
a. Scarcity and other problems for the future
, Dit is een samenvatting van het dictaat: Introduction van het vak Schone Watersystemen
CTB1215-25, de powerpoint en notities.
2. Water quality parameters
2.1. Fluid properties
a. Pure water : no colour, odour or flavour
b. Water liquid between 0°C and 100°C
a. Above gas
b. Below solid, ice
c. Temperature effect on characteristics
a. Hot conduct on cold
d. Some of the dissolved materials change also
a. Sweet conduct on salt
2.2. Undissolved matter
a. Consists of particles that are not dissolved in water
b. Three types of particles
a. Suspended
i. 10−11 −10−9 m
ii. Mineral or organic origin
1. Mineral : Sand, clay, loam and other
inorganic soil
1. Enter water because of erosion
2. Organic : originates from the decay of
vegetation and from untreated domestic
and industrial water
b. Colloidal particles
i. 10−9−10−6 m
ii. Gravity similar to water
iii. Negative electric charge
iv. Can give colour or turbidity to water
c. floating matter
i. 10−6 −100 m
ii. Organic composition
iii. Example : seaweed : pollution, unattractive
beach
iv. Can be liquid
1. Prevent oxygen and light
v. Plastic
CTB1215-25, de powerpoint en notities.
Clean Water Systems
Introduction
1.Water quality for engineers
a. Earth is 73% water, only 0,5% fresh water
i. 66% groundwater and 34% surface water
1.1. Hydrological cycle
a. Water continuously moving
b. Quality of phase of water change in the moving
c. Natural processes :
a. precipitation, evaporation, transpiration,
groundwater flow and streamflow
1.2. Urban water cycle
a. Part of the hydrological cycle
b. Abstraction from the source to the used environment
a. Example : drink water in groundwater
1.3. Access to water for drinking, hygiene &
agriculture
a. In the Ndl, drinking water consumption is on average 110-
130l per person per day
b. Previous century surface water polluted
a. Rhine, EU’s sewer
c. Industry uses water for cooling
a. Groundwater is attractive because the temperature is
constant
d. Agricultural water used for irrigation of farmland or
greenhouses
a. Problems with pesticides, …
1.4. A healthy environment today and in the future
a. The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) decides on
the water quality in the EU
a. Healthy water for aquatic life
b. Easy to make drink water from
b. Kaderrichtlijn Water (KRW) decides on the water standard
in Ndl
c. Groundwater ideal
a. Nowadays infiltration of contamination happens
d. Climate change
a. Scarcity and other problems for the future
, Dit is een samenvatting van het dictaat: Introduction van het vak Schone Watersystemen
CTB1215-25, de powerpoint en notities.
2. Water quality parameters
2.1. Fluid properties
a. Pure water : no colour, odour or flavour
b. Water liquid between 0°C and 100°C
a. Above gas
b. Below solid, ice
c. Temperature effect on characteristics
a. Hot conduct on cold
d. Some of the dissolved materials change also
a. Sweet conduct on salt
2.2. Undissolved matter
a. Consists of particles that are not dissolved in water
b. Three types of particles
a. Suspended
i. 10−11 −10−9 m
ii. Mineral or organic origin
1. Mineral : Sand, clay, loam and other
inorganic soil
1. Enter water because of erosion
2. Organic : originates from the decay of
vegetation and from untreated domestic
and industrial water
b. Colloidal particles
i. 10−9−10−6 m
ii. Gravity similar to water
iii. Negative electric charge
iv. Can give colour or turbidity to water
c. floating matter
i. 10−6 −100 m
ii. Organic composition
iii. Example : seaweed : pollution, unattractive
beach
iv. Can be liquid
1. Prevent oxygen and light
v. Plastic
