ENVIR 100 Exam 2
- measured temperature changes
- global snow/ice decline
Evidence the climate is changing
- biological changes (range and phenology shifts)
- rising sea level (thermal expansion and melting of land-based ice)
when CO2 dissolves in seawater, it reacts with
water to form carbonic acid, which lowers
ocean acidification
ocean pH
acidity a measure of H+ (hydrogen ion concetration)
pH the scale used to measure how acidic/basic something is
ocean absorbing excess carbon dioxide CO2, triggering chemical reactio
that result in an increase in hydrogen ions and a decrease in pH.
chemical reasoning behind ocean
acidification
if the carbonate wasn't reacting with extra hydrogen ions, then it could for
calcium carbonate
ocean influence of the climate regulate global temperatures, drive weather patterns, and shape climate
ocean currents Global patterns created from the movement of the oceans
gyres large-scale patterns of water circulation
, ENVIR 100 Exam 2
the coriolis effect The effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents.
water circulation produced by differences in temperature and/or salinity (a
thermohaline circulation
therefore density)
upwelling a place where ocean currents draw up colder water from the deep
- removes CO2 from the water column
- reduces nutrient loading
- creates habitat
- food value for humans
importance of kelp
- important for marine food webs
- can be used to stimulate food production in upland areas
- can be used to move carbon from nearshore regions to long-term deep
water storage
The long-term average weather condition at a particular location (30 year
climate
more)
global climate the average climate of the entire Earth (long-term trends)
climate change change in the global average weather
anthropogenic climate change climate change caused by humans
Long-term cyclical changes in Earth's orbit and tilt that affect the amount o
Milankovitch cycles
solar energy received by our planet
, ENVIR 100 Exam 2
collective agreement to limit GHG emissions to improve the likelihood of
Conference of the Parties (COP) 21
staying within an increase of 2 degrees C over preindustrial times (280 pp
atmospheric CO2 planetary boundary 350 ppm
current atmosphere CO2 concentration 424 ppm
is an international panel that reports on how climate change influences bi
and economies
Intergovernmental panel on climate
- interprets and synthesizes research
change
- for policy markers
- projections tend to be conservative
Instrumentation period temperature data from thermometers on land and sea around the world
proxy data from tree rings, ice cores, ocean/lake sediments, cave formatio
pre-instrumentation period
that provide historical climate change information from the ancient climat
Agricultural revolution that increased production through new varieties, n
Green revolution
fertilizers, and application of pesticides
- bio-regional food systems (decentralized profit, share risks)
Solutions to climate change through
- organic matter (= stored carbon)
agriculture
- renerative agriculture
- measured temperature changes
- global snow/ice decline
Evidence the climate is changing
- biological changes (range and phenology shifts)
- rising sea level (thermal expansion and melting of land-based ice)
when CO2 dissolves in seawater, it reacts with
water to form carbonic acid, which lowers
ocean acidification
ocean pH
acidity a measure of H+ (hydrogen ion concetration)
pH the scale used to measure how acidic/basic something is
ocean absorbing excess carbon dioxide CO2, triggering chemical reactio
that result in an increase in hydrogen ions and a decrease in pH.
chemical reasoning behind ocean
acidification
if the carbonate wasn't reacting with extra hydrogen ions, then it could for
calcium carbonate
ocean influence of the climate regulate global temperatures, drive weather patterns, and shape climate
ocean currents Global patterns created from the movement of the oceans
gyres large-scale patterns of water circulation
, ENVIR 100 Exam 2
the coriolis effect The effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents.
water circulation produced by differences in temperature and/or salinity (a
thermohaline circulation
therefore density)
upwelling a place where ocean currents draw up colder water from the deep
- removes CO2 from the water column
- reduces nutrient loading
- creates habitat
- food value for humans
importance of kelp
- important for marine food webs
- can be used to stimulate food production in upland areas
- can be used to move carbon from nearshore regions to long-term deep
water storage
The long-term average weather condition at a particular location (30 year
climate
more)
global climate the average climate of the entire Earth (long-term trends)
climate change change in the global average weather
anthropogenic climate change climate change caused by humans
Long-term cyclical changes in Earth's orbit and tilt that affect the amount o
Milankovitch cycles
solar energy received by our planet
, ENVIR 100 Exam 2
collective agreement to limit GHG emissions to improve the likelihood of
Conference of the Parties (COP) 21
staying within an increase of 2 degrees C over preindustrial times (280 pp
atmospheric CO2 planetary boundary 350 ppm
current atmosphere CO2 concentration 424 ppm
is an international panel that reports on how climate change influences bi
and economies
Intergovernmental panel on climate
- interprets and synthesizes research
change
- for policy markers
- projections tend to be conservative
Instrumentation period temperature data from thermometers on land and sea around the world
proxy data from tree rings, ice cores, ocean/lake sediments, cave formatio
pre-instrumentation period
that provide historical climate change information from the ancient climat
Agricultural revolution that increased production through new varieties, n
Green revolution
fertilizers, and application of pesticides
- bio-regional food systems (decentralized profit, share risks)
Solutions to climate change through
- organic matter (= stored carbon)
agriculture
- renerative agriculture
