EPPP Practice Exam Questions UPDATED
Study Guide QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
J. Berry acculturation, integration - CORRECT ANSWERS J. Barry
conceptualizes acculturation as many models existing on a continuum, with the
minority culture and the majority or mainstream culture at opposite poles.
Integration would be displayed by an individual who has high retention of the
minority culture and high maintenance of the mainstream culture.
Lenore Walker cycle of violence, battered women - CORRECT ANSWERS
Lenore Walker describes a cycle of violence that involves three stags:
tension building, acute battering incident, and loving contrition. According to
Walker, most of the benefits of the relationship occur in the third stage, when
the batterer offers apologies, assurances that the attacks will never happen
again, and declarations of love. The relationship tends to remain stable when the
balance between the costs of the abuse and the benefits of the relationship are
fairly similar. As violence escalates, the relationship becomes more unstable,
and the man escalates his charming behavior in an attempt to restore stability.
behavioral contrast effect - CORRECT ANSWERS If we are reinforced
for performing two different operants, and reinforcement for one of these
behaviors stops, we tend to increase the rate of the remaining reinforced
behavior. That is probably because the reinforcement that remains seems to
become more valuable.
doctrine of comparable worth - CORRECT ANSWERS States that
workers (in particular, men and women) should get equal pay for performing
jobs that have equivalent worth (use job evaluation)
M. Seligman theory of learned optimism - CORRECT ANSWERS In
Seligman's theory of learned optimism, attributions of optimistic people are
believed to be the opposite of attributions of depressed people. Since depressed
people make internal, stable, and global attributions to negative events,
,optimistic people would tend to make external, unstable, and specific
attributions in response to negative events. Therefore, we can readily eliminate
"B" ("I didn't study enough") since that's an internal attribution. Choice "C"
("the teacher is always a tough grader") is a stable attribution. That leaves
Choices "A" ("I was unlucky") and Choice "D" ("the test was hard this time") -
which are both external and unstable attributions. Of the two, however, Choice
"D" is better since being unlucky would imply that success is a matter of luck.
Course of Antisocial Personality Disorder - CORRECT ANSWERS The
symptoms of Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD), particularly criminal
behaviors, often become less evident as an individual grows older (DSM-TR-IV,
p. 704). APD has a chronic course and while some symptoms like criminal
behaviors may decrease, other symptoms such as difficulties with interpersonal
relationships may persist. (See: Paris, J. (2004). Personality disorders over time:
Implications for therapy, American Journal of Psychotherapy, 58(4), 420-429.)
Group polarization - CORRECT ANSWERS A group's decisions tend to
be more extreme (in one direction or the other) than those that would be made
by individuals in the group acting alone. This phenomenon is referred to as
group polarization. One explanation for group polarization is that group
members are more willing to support extreme decisions because, as group
members, they won't have to take as much personal responsibility for their
decisions as they would if they were acting alone.
Solomon's four group design - CORRECT ANSWERS a true
experimental design used to evaluate the effects of pretesting, since some
groups are pretested and others are not.
MANOVA - CORRECT ANSWERS A MANOVA (multivariate analysis
of variance) is used to analyze the effects of one or more independent variables
on two or more dependent variables that are each measured on an interval or
ratio scale.
, factorial ANOVA - CORRECT ANSWERS A factorial ANOVA (a.) is
used to analyze data when a factorial design, which includes two or more
independent variables, is used and the dependent variable is measured on an
interval or ratio scale.
Factorial designs also allow for the assessment of both main effects (the effects
of each independent variable considered individually) and interaction effects
(the effects of each variable at the different levels of the other variable). The
study described in this question has two "significant main effects" for the
independent variables: type of reading program and past level of reading
comprehension. And a "significant interaction effect" means that the effects of
the different reading programs varied significantly for students at different
reading levels. For example, "Reading Program A" may have been highly
effective for above average students, moderately effective for average students,
yet ineffective for below average students. On the other hand, "Reading
Program B" may have been only effective for below average students, while
"Reading Program C" may not have been effective for any students.
One-Way ANOVA - CORRECT ANSWERS A one-way ANOVA (c.) is
used when a study has one independent variable and more than two independent
groups.
Split-Plot (mixed) ANOVA - CORRECT ANSWERS The split-plot
(mixed) ANOVA (d.) is the appropriate technique when at least one independent
variable is a between-groups variable and another independent variable is a
within-subjects variable.
experiment wise error rate - CORRECT ANSWERS alpha (chance of
Type I error) for all analyses done on a data set
capitation - CORRECT ANSWERS A common method of
reimbursement used primarily by health maintenance organizations in which the
provider or medical facility is paid a fixed, per capita amount for each
individual enrolled in the plan, regardless of how many or few services the
patient uses.
Study Guide QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
J. Berry acculturation, integration - CORRECT ANSWERS J. Barry
conceptualizes acculturation as many models existing on a continuum, with the
minority culture and the majority or mainstream culture at opposite poles.
Integration would be displayed by an individual who has high retention of the
minority culture and high maintenance of the mainstream culture.
Lenore Walker cycle of violence, battered women - CORRECT ANSWERS
Lenore Walker describes a cycle of violence that involves three stags:
tension building, acute battering incident, and loving contrition. According to
Walker, most of the benefits of the relationship occur in the third stage, when
the batterer offers apologies, assurances that the attacks will never happen
again, and declarations of love. The relationship tends to remain stable when the
balance between the costs of the abuse and the benefits of the relationship are
fairly similar. As violence escalates, the relationship becomes more unstable,
and the man escalates his charming behavior in an attempt to restore stability.
behavioral contrast effect - CORRECT ANSWERS If we are reinforced
for performing two different operants, and reinforcement for one of these
behaviors stops, we tend to increase the rate of the remaining reinforced
behavior. That is probably because the reinforcement that remains seems to
become more valuable.
doctrine of comparable worth - CORRECT ANSWERS States that
workers (in particular, men and women) should get equal pay for performing
jobs that have equivalent worth (use job evaluation)
M. Seligman theory of learned optimism - CORRECT ANSWERS In
Seligman's theory of learned optimism, attributions of optimistic people are
believed to be the opposite of attributions of depressed people. Since depressed
people make internal, stable, and global attributions to negative events,
,optimistic people would tend to make external, unstable, and specific
attributions in response to negative events. Therefore, we can readily eliminate
"B" ("I didn't study enough") since that's an internal attribution. Choice "C"
("the teacher is always a tough grader") is a stable attribution. That leaves
Choices "A" ("I was unlucky") and Choice "D" ("the test was hard this time") -
which are both external and unstable attributions. Of the two, however, Choice
"D" is better since being unlucky would imply that success is a matter of luck.
Course of Antisocial Personality Disorder - CORRECT ANSWERS The
symptoms of Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD), particularly criminal
behaviors, often become less evident as an individual grows older (DSM-TR-IV,
p. 704). APD has a chronic course and while some symptoms like criminal
behaviors may decrease, other symptoms such as difficulties with interpersonal
relationships may persist. (See: Paris, J. (2004). Personality disorders over time:
Implications for therapy, American Journal of Psychotherapy, 58(4), 420-429.)
Group polarization - CORRECT ANSWERS A group's decisions tend to
be more extreme (in one direction or the other) than those that would be made
by individuals in the group acting alone. This phenomenon is referred to as
group polarization. One explanation for group polarization is that group
members are more willing to support extreme decisions because, as group
members, they won't have to take as much personal responsibility for their
decisions as they would if they were acting alone.
Solomon's four group design - CORRECT ANSWERS a true
experimental design used to evaluate the effects of pretesting, since some
groups are pretested and others are not.
MANOVA - CORRECT ANSWERS A MANOVA (multivariate analysis
of variance) is used to analyze the effects of one or more independent variables
on two or more dependent variables that are each measured on an interval or
ratio scale.
, factorial ANOVA - CORRECT ANSWERS A factorial ANOVA (a.) is
used to analyze data when a factorial design, which includes two or more
independent variables, is used and the dependent variable is measured on an
interval or ratio scale.
Factorial designs also allow for the assessment of both main effects (the effects
of each independent variable considered individually) and interaction effects
(the effects of each variable at the different levels of the other variable). The
study described in this question has two "significant main effects" for the
independent variables: type of reading program and past level of reading
comprehension. And a "significant interaction effect" means that the effects of
the different reading programs varied significantly for students at different
reading levels. For example, "Reading Program A" may have been highly
effective for above average students, moderately effective for average students,
yet ineffective for below average students. On the other hand, "Reading
Program B" may have been only effective for below average students, while
"Reading Program C" may not have been effective for any students.
One-Way ANOVA - CORRECT ANSWERS A one-way ANOVA (c.) is
used when a study has one independent variable and more than two independent
groups.
Split-Plot (mixed) ANOVA - CORRECT ANSWERS The split-plot
(mixed) ANOVA (d.) is the appropriate technique when at least one independent
variable is a between-groups variable and another independent variable is a
within-subjects variable.
experiment wise error rate - CORRECT ANSWERS alpha (chance of
Type I error) for all analyses done on a data set
capitation - CORRECT ANSWERS A common method of
reimbursement used primarily by health maintenance organizations in which the
provider or medical facility is paid a fixed, per capita amount for each
individual enrolled in the plan, regardless of how many or few services the
patient uses.
